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FOREIGN ACQUISITIONS AND TAKEOVERS LEGISLATION AMENDMENT BILL 2015

 

 

 

2013-2014-2015 

 

The Parliament of the 

Commonwealth of Australia 

 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

 

 

 

 

Presented and read a first time 

 

 

 

 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers 

Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

 

No.      , 2015 

 

(Treasury) 

 

 

 

A Bill for an Act to amend the law relating to 

foreign acquisitions and takeovers, and for related 

purposes 

   

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

i 

 

Contents 

Short title ........................................................................................... 1

 

Commencement ................................................................................. 1

 

Schedules ........................................................................................... 2

 

Schedule 1--Main amendments

 

3

 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975

 

3

 

Schedule 2--Amendments contingent on the Acts and 

Instruments (Framework Reform) Act 2015

 

112

 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975

 

112

 

Schedule 3--Application and transitional provisions for 

Schedules 1 and 2 and Fees Imposition Act

 

114

 

Schedule 4--Amendments of confidentiality provisions

 

122

 

Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006

 

122

 

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997

 

122

 

Taxation Administration Act 1953

 

122

 

 

 

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

1 

 

A Bill for an Act to amend the law relating to 

foreign acquisitions and takeovers, and for related 

purposes 

The Parliament of Australia enacts: 

1  Short title 

 

  This Act may be cited as the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers 

Legislation Amendment Act 2015

2  Commencement 

 

(1)  Each provision of this Act specified in column 1 of the table 

commences, or is taken to have commenced, in accordance with 

10 

column 2 of the table. Any other statement in column 2 has effect 

11 

according to its terms. 

12 

 

13 

   

   

 

 

2 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

Commencement information 

Column 1 

Column 2 

Column 3 

Provisions 

Commencement 

Date/Details 

1.  Sections 1 to 3 

and anything in 

this Act not 

elsewhere covered 

by this table 

The day this Act receives the Royal Assent. 

 

2.  Schedule 1 

1 December 2015. 

1 December 

2015 

3.  Schedule 2 

Immediately after the commencement of 

Schedule 1 to the Acts and Instruments 

(Framework Reform) Act 2015

 

4.  Schedules 3 

and 4 

1 December 2015. 

1 December 

2015 

Note:  

This table relates only to the provisions of this Act as originally 

enacted. It will not be amended to deal with any later amendments of 

this Act. 

 

(2)  Any information in column 3 of the table is not part of this Act. 

Information may be inserted in this column, or information in it 

may be edited, in any published version of this Act. 

3  Schedules 

 

  Legislation that is specified in a Schedule to this Act is amended or 

repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule 

concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this Act has effect 

10 

according to its terms. 

11 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

3 

 

Schedule 1

--Main amendments 

   

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 

1  Title 

After "and to the", insert "foreign acquisition and". 

2  Part I (heading) 

Repeal the heading, substitute: 

Part 1--Preliminary 

Division 1--Preliminary 

3  Sections 3 to 17 

10 

Repeal the sections, substitute: 

11 

3  Simplified outline of this Act 

12 

This Act deals with certain actions to acquire interests in securities, 

13 

assets or Australian land, and actions taken in relation to entities 

14 

(being corporations and unit trusts) and businesses, that have a 

15 

connection to Australia. These actions are called significant 

16 

actions. For an action to be a significant action, the action must 

17 

result in a change in control involving a foreign person or be taken 

18 

by a foreign person. 

19 

If a person proposes to take or has taken a significant action, the 

20 

Treasurer has power to do one or more of the following: 

21 

 

(a) 

decide that the Commonwealth has no objection to the 

22 

action; 

23 

 

(b) 

impose conditions on the action; 

24 

 

(c) 

prohibit the action; 

25 

 

(d) 

require the action to be undone (for example, by 

26 

requiring the disposal of an interest that has been 

27 

acquired). 

28 

Schedule 1  Main amendments 

   

 

 

4 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

Offences and civil penalties apply for failing to comply with: 

 

(a) 

an order made prohibiting an action, or requiring an 

action to be undone; or 

 

(b) 

a condition imposed on an action. 

Some significant actions (called notifiable actions) must also be 

notified to the Treasurer before the actions can be taken. Offences 

and civil penalties may apply if a notifiable action is taken without 

a notice having been given. If a notice has been given stating that a 

significant action is proposed to be taken, the action must not be 

taken before the end of a specified period (generally of 40 days, or 

10 

an additional period of up to 90 days from the publication of an 

11 

interim order). 

12 

Fees are payable in relation to applications and orders made, and 

13 

notices and notifications given, under this Act. 

14 

A person must make and keep records for the purposes of this Act, 

15 

including in relation to significant actions and notifiable actions. 

16 

Information that is obtained for the purposes of this Act (called 

17 

protected information) may be disclosed only for certain purposes. 

18 

A person who obtains, uses or discloses protected information 

19 

other than as authorised by this Act may commit an offence. 

20 

Division 2--Definitions 

21 

Subdivision A--Dictionary of definitions 

22 

4  Dictionary of definitions 

23 

 

  In this Act: 

24 

6 month period has the meaning given by subsection 113(3). 

25 

acquire an interest of a specified percentage in an entity has the 

26 

meaning given by section 20. 

27 

acquisition of property has the same meaning as in 

28 

paragraph 51(xxxi) of the Constitution. 

29 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

5 

 

aggregate interest of a specified percentage in an entity has the 

meaning given by subsection 17(2). 

aggregate substantial interest: 2 or more persons hold an 

aggregate substantial interest in an entity or trust if: 

 

(a)  for an entity--the persons hold an aggregate interest of at 

least 40% in the entity; or 

 

(b)  for a trust (including a unit trust)--the persons, together with 

any one or more associates of any of them hold, in the 

aggregate, beneficial interests in at least 40% of the income 

or property of the trust. 

10 

Note: 

See also sections 17 (meanings of interest and aggregate interest of a 

11 

specified percentage in an entity) and 18 (rules relating to determining 

12 

percentages of interests in entities). 

13 

agribusiness: an Australian entity or Australian business is an 

14 

agribusiness in the circumstances prescribed by the regulations. 

15 

agricultural land means land in Australia that is used, or that could 

16 

reasonably be used, for a primary production business. 

17 

Note: 

The regulations may provide that land of a specified kind is not 

18 

agricultural land (see subsection 37(3)). 

19 

agricultural land corporation has the meaning prescribed by the 

20 

regulations. 

21 

agricultural land trust has the meaning prescribed by the 

22 

regulations. 

23 

asset includes an interest in an asset. 

24 

associate has the meaning given by section 6. 

25 

Australia, when used in a geographical sense, includes the external 

26 

Territories. 

27 

Australian business has the meaning given by section 8. 

28 

Australian corporation means a corporation formed in Australia. 

29 

Australian entity means an Australian corporation or an Australian 

30 

unit trust. 

31 

Australian land means agricultural land, commercial land, 

32 

residential land or a mining or production tenement. 

33 

Schedule 1  Main amendments 

   

 

 

6 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

Australian land corporation has the meaning prescribed by the 

regulations. 

Australian land trust has the meaning prescribed by the 

regulations. 

Australian subsidiary of a foreign entity means an Australian 

entity that is a subsidiary of the foreign entity. 

Note: 

For the definition of subsidiary, see section 21. 

Australian unit trust means a unit trust: 

 

(a)  the trustee of which holds relevant Australian assets; or 

 

(b)  the trustee of which carries on an Australian business; or 

10 

 

(c)  the central management and control of which is in Australia; 

11 

or 

12 

 

(d)  in which one or more persons who are ordinarily resident in 

13 

Australia hold more than 50% of the beneficial interests in 

14 

the income or property of the unit trust; or 

15 

 

(e)  that is listed for quotation in the official list of a stock 

16 

exchange in Australia. 

17 

change in control has the meaning given by section 54. 

18 

civil penalty provision has the same meaning as in the Regulatory 

19 

Powers Act. 

20 

commercial land means land in Australia or the seabed of the 

21 

offshore area, other than land: 

22 

 

(a)  used wholly and exclusively for a primary production 

23 

business; or 

24 

 

(b)  on which there is at least one dwelling (except commercial 

25 

residential premises); or 

26 

 

(c)  on which the number of dwellings (except commercial 

27 

residential premises) that could reasonably be built is less 

28 

than the number prescribed by the regulations for the 

29 

purposes of subparagraph (a)(ii) of the definition of 

30 

residential land in this section. 

31 

commercial residential premises has the same meaning as in the 

32 

New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999. 

33 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

7 

 

Commonwealth entity has the same meaning as in the Public 

Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013

Commonwealth, State or Territory body includes a Department of 

State, or an authority or agency, of the Commonwealth, a State or a 

Territory. 

consideration has the meaning prescribed by the regulations. 

constituent document of an entity means any rules or other 

document constituting or establishing the entity or governing its 

activities, and includes: 

 

(a)  for a corporation--the constitution of the corporation; and 

10 

 

(b)  for a unit trust--the trust deed for the trust. 

11 

controls

12 

 

(a)  the voting power--has the meaning given by section 23; and 

13 

 

(b)  an entity or business--has the meaning given by 

14 

subsections 54(4) and (5). 

15 

debenture includes: 

16 

 

(a)  debenture stock, bonds and notes; and 

17 

 

(b)  any other document evidencing or acknowledging 

18 

indebtedness of an entity, whether or not constituting a 

19 

charge on the assets of the entity. 

20 

decision period has the meaning given by subsection 77(5). 

21 

determines the policy of a business of exploiting a mining or 

22 

production tenement has a meaning affected by section 24. 

23 

development means one or more multi-storey buildings if: 

24 

 

(a)  the buildings will be, are being or have been built; and 

25 

 

(b)  the buildings are or were under one development approval; 

26 

and 

27 

 

(c)  the number of independent self-contained dwellings (other 

28 

than townhouses) that the buildings contain or will contain is 

29 

at least the number prescribed by the regulations. 

30 

direct interest has the meaning prescribed by the regulations. 

31 

director includes any person occupying the position of director 

32 

(however described) of a corporation. 

33 

Schedule 1  Main amendments 

   

 

 

8 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

engage in conduct includes fail or refuse to engage in conduct. 

enters has a meaning affected by section 25. 

entity means a corporation or a unit trust. 

established dwelling means a dwelling (except commercial 

residential premises) on residential land that is not a new dwelling. 

exemption certificate means a certificate given under: 

 

(a)  section 57, 58 or 59; or 

 

(b)  regulations made for the purposes of section 63. 

foreign corporation means a foreign corporation to which 

paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution applies. 

10 

foreign entity means an entity that is not an Australian entity. 

11 

foreign government means an entity (within the ordinary meaning 

12 

of the term) that is: 

13 

 

(a)  a body politic of a foreign country; or 

14 

 

(b)  a body politic of part of a foreign country; or 

15 

 

(c)  a part of a body politic mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b). 

16 

foreign government investor has the meaning prescribed by the 

17 

regulations. 

18 

foreign person means: 

19 

 

(a)  an individual not ordinarily resident in Australia; or 

20 

 

(b)  a corporation in which an individual not ordinarily resident in 

21 

Australia, a foreign corporation or a foreign government 

22 

holds a substantial interest; or 

23 

 

(c)  a corporation in which 2 or more persons, each of whom is an 

24 

individual not ordinarily resident in Australia, a foreign 

25 

corporation or a foreign government, hold an aggregate 

26 

substantial interest; or 

27 

 

(d)  the trustee of a trust in which an individual not ordinarily 

28 

resident in Australia, a foreign corporation or a foreign 

29 

government holds a substantial interest; or 

30 

 

(e)  the trustee of a trust in which 2 or more persons, each of 

31 

whom is an individual not ordinarily resident in Australia, a 

32 

foreign corporation or a foreign government, hold an 

33 

aggregate substantial interest; or 

34 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

9 

 

 

(f)  a foreign government; or 

 

(g)  any other person, or any other person that meets the 

conditions, prescribed by the regulations. 

Note: 

In certain circumstances, an associate of a foreign person may be 

taken to be a foreign person even if the associate is not a foreign 

person (see subsection 54(7)). 

general meeting of an entity means: 

 

(a)  for a corporation--a general meeting of the corporation; or 

 

(b)  for a unit trust--a general meeting of the unit holders of the 

trust. 

10 

holding entity has the meaning given by subsection 21(4). 

11 

independent director has the meaning given by section 7. 

12 

interest

13 

 

(a)  in a security--has the meaning given by section 9; and 

14 

 

(b)  in an asset--has the meaning given by section 10; and 

15 

 

(c)  in a trust--has the meaning given by section 11; and 

16 

 

(d)  in Australian land--has the meaning given by section 12; and 

17 

 

(e)  of a specified percentage in an entity--has the meaning given 

18 

by section 17. 

19 

Note: 

For other rules relating to interests in a security, asset, trust or 

20 

Australian land, see sections 13 to 15. 

21 

interim order means an order made under section 68. 

22 

just terms has the same meaning as in paragraph 51(xxxi) of the 

23 

Constitution. 

24 

land includes: 

25 

 

(a)  a building (including a new dwelling or an established 

26 

dwelling) or a part of a building; and 

27 

 

(b)  subsoil of land. 

28 

land register means a register kept under a law of the 

29 

Commonwealth, a State or a Territory in which interests (within 

30 

the ordinary meaning of the term) in Australian land are registered. 

31 

lease includes a sublease. 

32 

Schedule 1  Main amendments 

   

 

 

10 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

long term lease means a lease granted by the Commonwealth, a 

State or a Territory for a term (including any extension or renewal) 

that is reasonably likely, at the time the lease is granted, to exceed 

20 years. 

mining or production tenement means: 

 

(a)  a right (however described) under a law of the 

Commonwealth, a State or a Territory to recover minerals 

(such as coal or ore), oil or gas in Australia or from the 

seabed or subsoil of the offshore area, other than a right to 

recover minerals, oil or gas for the purposes of prospecting or 

10 

exploring for minerals, oil or gas; or 

11 

 

(b)  a right that preserves a right mentioned in paragraph (a); or 

12 

 

(c)  a lease under which the lessee has a right mentioned in 

13 

paragraph (a) or (b); or 

14 

 

(d)  an interest in a right mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) or 

15 

under a lease mentioned in paragraph (c). 

16 

new dwelling means a dwelling (except commercial residential 

17 

premises) that will be, is being or has been built on residential land 

18 

and that: 

19 

 

(a)  has not been previously sold as a dwelling; and 

20 

 

(b)  either: 

21 

 

(i)  has not been previously occupied; or 

22 

 

(ii)  if the dwelling is contained in a development and the 

23 

dwelling was sold by the developer of the 

24 

development--has not been previously occupied for 

25 

more than 12 months in total. 

26 

Note: 

For when a dwelling is sold, see subsections 15(4) and (5). 

27 

new dwelling acquisition has the meaning given by 

28 

subsection 113(4). 

29 

no objection notification has the meaning given by 

30 

subsections 74(2) and 75(2). 

31 

notifiable action has the meaning given by Division 3 of Part 2. 

32 

officer of an entity includes the following: 

33 

 

(a)  for a corporation--a director of the corporation; 

34 

 

(b)  for a unit trust: 

35 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

11 

 

 

(i)  the trustee of which is an individual--the trustee; and 

 

(ii)  the trustee of which is a corporation--a director of the 

trustee; and 

 

(iii)  in any case--any other individual involved in the 

central management and control of the trust; 

 

(c)  a person who is, or a person in a group of persons who are, in 

a position to determine the investments or policy of the entity 

or a trustee of the entity; 

 

(d)  a person who makes, or participates in making, decisions that 

affect the whole, or a substantial part of, the business of the 

10 

entity; 

11 

 

(e)  a person who has the capacity to affect significantly the 

12 

financial standing of the entity; 

13 

 

(f)  a receiver and manager of any part of the business of the 

14 

entity appointed under a power contained in any instrument; 

15 

 

(g)  an administrator of the entity; 

16 

 

(h)  an administrator under a deed of company arrangement 

17 

executed by the entity; 

18 

 

(i)  a liquidator of the entity appointed in a voluntary winding up. 

19 

offshore area means: 

20 

 

(a)  the exclusive economic zone of Australia; or 

21 

 

(b)  the continental shelf of Australia. 

22 

ordinarily resident has a meaning affected by section 5. 

23 

potential voting power has the meaning given by section 22. 

24 

primary production business has the same meaning as in the 

25 

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997

26 

proposes

27 

 

(a)  to acquire an interest in securities, assets or Australian land--

28 

has a meaning affected by subsection 16(1); and 

29 

 

(b)  to enter or terminate an agreement--has a meaning affected 

30 

by subsection 16(2). 

31 

protected information has the meaning given by section 120. 

32 

Regulatory Powers Act means the Regulatory Powers (Standard 

33 

Provisions) Act 2014

34 

Schedule 1  Main amendments 

   

 

 

12 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

No.      , 2015 

 

relative has the same meaning as in the Income Tax Assessment Act 

1997

relevant Australian assets means: 

 

(a)  Australian land, including legal and equitable interests 

(within the ordinary meaning of the term) in such land; or 

 

(b)  securities in an Australian entity. 

relevant entity means any of the following: 

 

(a)  an Australian entity; 

 

(b)  a foreign corporation: 

 

(i)  that holds relevant Australian assets; or 

10 

 

(ii)  that is a holding corporation of one or more Australian 

11 

corporations; 

12 

 

(c)  a holding entity of such a foreign corporation or of an 

13 

Australian unit trust. 

14 

Note: 

A holding entity mentioned in paragraph (c) may be a foreign 

15 

corporation of a kind that is not mentioned in paragraph (b). 

16 

residential land

17 

 

(a)  means land in Australia if: 

18 

 

(i)  there is at least one dwelling on the land; or 

19 

 

(ii)  the number of dwellings that could reasonably be built 

20 

on the land is less than the number prescribed by the 

21 

regulations; and 

22 

 

(b)  does not include land: 

23 

 

(i)  used wholly and exclusively for a primary production 

24 

business; or 

25 

 

(ii)  on which the only dwellings are commercial residential 

26 

premises. 

27 

residential land acquisition means a notifiable action to acquire an 

28 

interest in residential land. 

29 

scheme means: 

30 

 

(a)  any agreement, understanding, promise or undertaking: 

31 

 

(i)  whether express or implied; and 

32 

 

(ii)  whether or not enforceable, or intended to be 

33 

enforceable, by legal proceedings; and 

34 

Main amendments  Schedule 1 

   

 

 

No.      , 2015 

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(b)  any scheme, plan, proposal, action, course of action or course 

of conduct, whether unilateral or otherwise. 

Secretary means the Secretary of the Department. 

security means a share in a corporation or a unit in a unit trust. 

senior officer of an entity means an officer of the entity under any 

of paragraphs (a) to (e) of the definition of officer in this section, 

except an independent director of the entity. 

sensitive business has the meaning given by section 26. 

separate government entity means an individual, corporation or 

corporation sole that: 

10 

 

(a)  is an agency or instrumentality of a foreign country or a part 

11 

of a foreign country; and 

12 

 

(b)  is not part of the body politic of a foreign country or of a part 

13 

of a foreign country. 

14 

share of a corporation means a share in the share capital of the 

15 

corporation, and includes: 

16 

 

(a)  stock into which all or any of the share capital of the 

17 

corporation has been converted; and 

18 

 

(b)  except in section 9, an interest in such a share or in such 

19 

stock. 

20 

significant action has the meaning given by Division 2 of Part 2. 

21 

significant agreement with an Australian business is an agreement 

22 

relating to: 

23 

 

(a)  the leasing of, the letting on hire of, or the granting of other 

24 

rights to use, assets of the business; or 

25 

 

(b)  the participation by a person in the profits or central 

26 

management and control of the business. 

27 

subsidiary has the meaning given by subsections 21(1) to (3). 

28 

substantial interest: a person holds a substantial interest in an 

29 

entity or trust if: 

30 

 

(a)  for an entity--the person holds an interest of at least 20% in 

31 

the entity; or 

32 

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(b)  for a trust (including a unit trust)--the person, together with 

any one or more associates, holds a beneficial interest in at 

least 20% of the income or property of the trust. 

Note 1: 

See also sections 17 (meanings of interest and aggregate interest of a 

specified percentage in an entity) and 18 (rules relating to determining 

percentages of interests in entities). 

Note 2: 

For when a person acquires a substantial interest in an entity, see 

section 20. 

temporary resident means an individual who: 

 

(a)  holds a temporary visa under the Migration Act 1958 that 

10 

allows the individual to remain in Australia for a continuous 

11 

period of more than 12 months (disregarding the amount of 

12 

that period remaining); or 

13 

 

(b)  meets the following conditions: 

14 

 

(i)  the individual is residing in Australia; 

15 

 

(ii)  the individual has applied for a permanent visa under 

16 

the Migration Act 1958

17 

 

(iii)  the individual holds a bridging visa under that Act that 

18 

allows the individual to remain in Australia until the 

19 

application has been finally determined; or 

20 

 

(c)  meets the conditions prescribed by the regulations. 

21 

this Act includes the regulations. 

22 

threshold test is met has the meaning given by Subdivision B of 

23 

Division 4 of Part 2. 

24 

tier 1 infringement notice has the meaning given by 

25 

subsection 101(1). 

26 

tier 2 infringement notice has the meaning given by 

27 

subsection 101(2). 

28 

total asset value for an entity has the meaning prescribed by the 

29 

regulations. 

30 

total issued securities value for an entity has the meaning 

31 

prescribed by the regulations. 

32 

voting power has the meaning given by subsection 22(1). 

33 

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Subdivision B--Some defined terms and rules of interpretation 

5  Meaning of ordinarily resident 

 

(1)  An individual who is not an Australian citizen is ordinarily 

resident in Australia at a particular time if and only if: 

 

(a)  the individual has actually been in Australia during 200 or 

more days in the period of 12 months immediately preceding 

that time; and 

 

(b)  at that time: 

 

(i)  the individual is in Australia and the individual's 

continued presence in Australia is not subject to any 

10 

limitation as to time imposed by law; or 

11 

 

(ii)  the individual is not in Australia but, immediately 

12 

before the individual's most recent departure from 

13 

Australia, the individual's continued presence in 

14 

Australia was not subject to any limitation as to time 

15 

imposed by law. 

16 

 

(2)  Without limiting paragraph (1)(b), an individual's continued 

17 

presence in Australia is subject to a limitation as to time imposed 

18 

by law if the individual is an unlawful non-citizen within the 

19 

meaning of the Migration Act 1958

20 

6  Meaning of associate 

21 

 

(1)  Each of the following persons is an associate of a person: 

22 

 

(a)  any relative of the person; 

23 

 

(b)  any person with whom the person is acting, or proposes to 

24 

act, in concert in relation to an action to which this Act may 

25 

apply; 

26 

 

(c)  any person with whom the person carries on a business in 

27 

partnership; 

28 

 

(d)  any entity of which the person is a senior officer; 

29 

 

(e)  if the person is an entity: 

30 

 

(i)  any holding entity of the entity; or 

31 

 

(ii)  any senior officer of the entity; 

32 

 

(f)  any entity whose senior officers are accustomed or under an 

33 

obligation (whether formal or informal) to act in accordance 

34 

with the directions, instructions or wishes of: 

35 

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(i)  the person; or 

 

(ii)  if the person is an entity--the senior officers of the 

person; 

 

(g)  an entity if the person is accustomed or under an obligation 

(whether formal or informal) to act in accordance with the 

directions, instructions or wishes of: 

 

(i)  the entity; or 

 

(ii)  the senior officers of the entity; 

 

(h)  any corporation in which the person holds a substantial 

interest; 

10 

 

(i)  if the person is a corporation--a person who holds a 

11 

substantial interest in the corporation; 

12 

 

(j)  the trustee of a trust in which the person holds a substantial 

13 

interest; 

14 

 

(k)  if the person is the trustee of a trust--a person who holds a 

15 

substantial interest in the trust; 

16 

 

(l)  if the person is a foreign government, a separate government 

17 

entity or a foreign government investor in relation to a 

18 

foreign country (or a part of a foreign country): 

19 

 

(i)  any other person that is a foreign government in relation 

20 

to that country (or any part of that country); or 

21 

 

(ii)  any other person that is a separate government entity in 

22 

relation to that country (or any part of that country); or 

23 

 

(iii)  any other foreign government investor in relation to that 

24 

country (or any part of that country). 

25 

Note: 

A person may be taken to be an associate under section 79. 

26 

Additional associates in relation to interests in residential land 

27 

 

(2)  For an action taken relating to an interest in residential land (within 

28 

the meaning of any of the paragraphs of subsection 12(1)), each of 

29 

the following persons is also an associate of a person: 

30 

 

(a)  an entity that is not listed for quotation in the official list of a 

31 

stock exchange if a relative of the person: 

32 

 

(i)  holds a substantial interest in the entity; or 

33 

 

(ii)  is a senior officer of the entity; 

34 

 

(b)  if the person is an entity (the first entity)--another entity (the 

35 

second entity) if: 

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(i)  an individual holds a substantial interest in the first 

entity or is a senior officer of the first entity; and 

 

(ii)  a relative of the individual holds a substantial interest in 

the second entity or is a senior officer of the second 

entity; and 

 

(iii)  the first entity and the second entity are not, and are not 

a subsidiary or trustee of an entity, listed for quotation 

in the official list of a stock exchange. 

Persons who are not associates 

 

(3)  Despite subsections (1) and (2), a person is not an associate of 

10 

another person merely because: 

11 

 

(a)  one gives advice to the other, or acts on the other's behalf, in 

12 

the proper performance of the functions attaching to a 

13 

professional capacity or a business relationship; or 

14 

 

(b)  one, a client, gives specific instructions to the other, whose 

15 

ordinary business includes dealing in financial products 

16 

(within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001), to 

17 

acquire financial products on the client's behalf in the 

18 

ordinary course of that business; or 

19 

 

(c)  one had sent, or proposes to send, to the other an offer under 

20 

a takeover bid (within the meaning of that Act) for securities 

21 

held by the other; or 

22 

 

(d)  one has appointed the other, otherwise than for valuable 

23 

consideration (within the ordinary meaning of the term) 

24 

given by the other or by an associate of the other, to vote as a 

25 

proxy or representative; or 

26 

 

(e)  both of the following apply: 

27 

 

(i)  one provides independent services as a trustee of a trust 

28 

to the other who is a beneficiary of the trust; 

29 

 

(ii)  the trustee is licensed to provide those services under a 

30 

law of the Commonwealth, a State, a Territory, a 

31 

foreign country or a part of a foreign country; or 

32 

 

(f)  one holds a substantial interest in a managed investment 

33 

scheme (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001

34 

and the other is the responsible entity of the scheme; or 

35 

 

(g)  both are partners of one of the following kinds of 

36 

partnerships: 

37 

 

(i)  a partnership of actuaries or accountants; 

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(ii)  a partnership of medical practitioners; 

 

(iii)  a partnership of patent attorneys; 

 

(iv)  a partnership of sharebrokers or stockbrokers; 

 

(v)  a partnership of trade mark attorneys; 

 

(vi)  a partnership that has as its primary purpose 

collaborative scientific research, and includes at least 

one university and one private sector participant 

(whether or not it also includes government agencies or 

publicly funded research bodies); 

 

(vii)  a partnership of architects; 

10 

 

(viii)  a partnership of pharmaceutical chemists or veterinary 

11 

surgeons; 

12 

 

(ix)  a partnership of legal practitioners. 

13 

7  Meaning of independent director 

14 

Listed entities 

15 

 

(1)  A person is an independent director of an entity if: 

16 

 

(a)  the person is: 

17 

 

(i)  a director of the entity; or 

18 

 

(ii)  for a unit trust--a director of a trustee of the entity; and 

19 

 

(b)  the entity is listed for quotation in the official list of a stock 

20 

exchange (whether or not in Australia); and 

21 

 

(c)  the director meets the criteria of that stock exchange for a 

22 

director to be independent (whether or not the criteria are 

23 

binding). 

24 

Note: 

If the stock exchange does not have criteria for a director to be 

25 

independent, a director of an entity listed for quotation in the official 

26 

list of the stock exchange is not an independent director. 

27 

Entities whose securities are stapled 

28 

 

(2)  A person is an independent director of an entity (the first entity) if: 

29 

 

(a)  the person is a director of the first entity and another entity; 

30 

and 

31 

 

(b)  the securities in the first entity can only be transferred 

32 

together with securities in the other entity; and 

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(c)  the first entity is not listed for quotation in the official list of 

a stock exchange, but the other entity is (whether or not in 

Australia); and 

 

(d)  the director meets the criteria of that stock exchange for a 

director to be independent (whether or not the criteria are 

binding). 

8  Meaning of Australian business 

 

(1)  An Australian business is a business that is carried on wholly or 

partly in Australia in anticipation of profit or gain. 

 

(2)  For the purposes of this Act, a person who has an interest in a 

10 

mining or production tenement is, as a result of having that 

11 

interest, taken to carry on a business in Australia of exploiting that 

12 

tenement in anticipation of profit or gain. The tenement is taken to 

13 

be an asset of that business. 

14 

9  Meaning of interest in a security 

15 

 

(1)  A person holds or acquires an interest in a security if he or she has 

16 

any legal or equitable interest in that security. 

17 

Note 1: 

For other rules relating to interests in securities, see sections 13 to 15. 

18 

Note 2: 

See also section 19 (tracing of substantial interests in corporations and 

19 

trusts). 

20 

 

(2)  Without limiting subsection (1), a person holds or acquires an 

21 

interest in a security in an entity if: 

22 

 

(a)  the person is not the registered holder of the security; and 

23 

 

(b)  the person is entitled to exercise or control the exercise of a 

24 

right attached to the security (other than because he or she 

25 

was appointed as a proxy or representative). 

26 

 

(3)  In determining whether a person holds or acquires an interest in a 

27 

security, it is immaterial that the interest cannot be related to a 

28 

particular security. 

29 

Issued shares in a corporation 

30 

 

(4)  A person holds or acquires an interest in the issued shares in a 

31 

corporation if: 

32 

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(a)  all or part of the share capital of the corporation consists of 

stock; and 

 

(b)  the person holds an interest in that stock. 

 

(5)  For the purposes of this Act, the issued shares are taken to have: 

 

(a)  the same nominal amount as the amount of that stock; and 

 

(b)  the same rights attached to them as are attached to that stock. 

10  Meaning of interest in an asset 

 

  A person holds or acquires an interest in an asset if he or she has 

any legal or equitable interest in that asset. 

Note 1: 

For other rules relating to interests in assets, see sections 13 to 15. 

10 

Note 2: 

See also section 19 (tracing of substantial interests in corporations and 

11 

trusts). 

12 

11  Meaning of interest in a trust 

13 

 

  A person holds or acquires an interest in a trust if: 

14 

 

(a)  the person holds or acquires a beneficial interest in the 

15 

income or property of the trust; or 

16 

 

(b)  the person holds or acquires an interest in a unit in a unit 

17 

trust. 

18 

Note 1: 

For other rules relating to interests in trusts, see sections 13 to 15. 

19 

Note 2: 

See also section 19 (tracing of substantial interests in corporations and 

20 

trusts). 

21 

12  Meaning of interest in Australian land 

22 

 

(1)  An interest in Australian land (however described) is: 

23 

 

(a)  a legal or equitable interest in Australian land, other than: 

24 

 

(i)  an interest under a lease or licence or in a unit in a unit 

25 

trust; or 

26 

 

(ii)  an interest in an agreement giving a right (known as a 

27 

profit à prendre) to take something off another person's 

28 

land, or to take something out of the soil of that land; or 

29 

 

(iii)  an interest in an agreement involving the sharing of 

30 

profits or income from the use of, or dealings in, 

31 

Australian land; or 

32 

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(b)  an interest in a security in an entity that owns Australian 

land, being a security that entitles the holder to a right to 

occupy a dwelling of a kind known as a flat or home unit 

situated on the land; or 

 

(c)  an interest as lessee or licensee in a lease or licence giving 

rights to occupy Australian land if the term of the lease or 

licence (including any extension or renewal) is reasonably 

likely, at the time the interest is acquired, to exceed 5 years; 

or 

 

(d)  an interest in an agreement giving a right of a kind mentioned 

10 

in subparagraph (a)(ii) if the term of the agreement (including 

11 

any extension or renewal) is reasonably likely, at the time the 

12 

interest in the agreement is acquired, to exceed 5 years; 

13 

 

(e)  an interest in an agreement involving the sharing of profits or 

14 

income from the use of, or dealings in, Australian land if the 

15 

term of the agreement (including any extension or renewal) is 

16 

reasonably likely, at the time the interest in the agreement is 

17 

acquired, to exceed 5 years; or 

18 

 

(f)  an interest in a share in an Australian land corporation or 

19 

agricultural land corporation; or 

20 

 

(g)  an interest in a unit in an Australian land trust or agricultural 

21 

land trust; or 

22 

 

(h)  if the trustee of an Australian land trust or agricultural land 

23 

trust is a corporation--an interest in a share in that 

24 

corporation. 

25 

Note 1: 

For other rules relating to interests in Australian land, see sections 13 

26 

to 15. 

27 

Note 2: 

Australian land may be described as "residential land", "agricultural 

28 

land" or "commercial land", or as "a new dwelling" or "an established 

29 

dwelling". 

30 

 

(2)  An interest is an interest in Australian land even if it is the only 

31 

interest that exists in the land or other thing concerned. 

32 

 

(3)  A person acquires an interest in Australian land even if: 

33 

 

(a)  the person has previously acquired an interest in Australian 

34 

land; or 

35 

 

(b)  the interest is an increase in the amount of an existing interest 

36 

of the person in Australian land. 

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13  Interests that are remote or subject to restraint etc. 

 

  A person holds or acquires an interest in a security, asset, trust or 

Australian land despite: 

 

(a)  its remoteness; or 

 

(b)  the manner in which it arose; or 

 

(c)  the fact that the exercise of a right conferred by the interest 

is, or is capable of being made, subject to restraint or 

restriction. 

14  Interests held or acquired jointly 

 

  A person holds or acquires an interest in a security, asset, trust or 

10 

Australian land even if the person holds or acquires the interest 

11 

jointly with one or more other persons. 

12 

15  Interests acquired by entering agreements or acquiring options 

13 

 

(1)  For the purposes of this Act, a person is taken (except as provided 

14 

by subsections (4) and (5)) to acquire an interest in a security, 

15 

asset, trust or Australian land if the person: 

16 

 

(a)  enters an agreement to acquire the interest; or 

17 

 

(b)  either: 

18 

 

(i)  for an interest in a security, asset or trust--has a right to 

19 

acquire such an interest under an option; or 

20 

 

(ii)  for an interest in Australian land--acquires an option to 

21 

acquire such an interest; or 

22 

 

(c)  has a right, other than by reason of having an interest under a 

23 

trust, to have such an interest transferred to himself or herself 

24 

or to his or her associate. 

25 

Note: 

For the definition of enters, see section 25. 

26 

 

(2)  To avoid doubt, a right mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) or (c) 

27 

includes a right under an instrument or agreement. 

28 

 

(3)  Subsections (1) and (2) apply whether or not: 

29 

 

(a)  the right or option is presently exercisable or exercisable in 

30 

the future; or 

31 

 

(b)  the agreement, right or option requires the fulfilment of a 

32 

condition. 

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Provisions of agreements that are not currently binding 

 

(4)  Subsection (5) applies for the purposes of the following provisions: 

 

(a)  Part 4 (notice of notifiable action); 

 

(b)  Part 5 (offences and civil penalties) to the extent that it 

relates to Part 4; 

 

(c)  any other provision of this Act to the extent that it relates to 

the provisions mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b); 

 

(d)  the definition of new dwelling in section 4 (including to the 

extent that the definition affects the definition of established 

dwelling in that section), except in section 95 (acquisition of 

10 

interests in established dwellings). 

11 

 

(5)  If: 

12 

 

(a)  a person proposes to take an action to acquire or sell an 

13 

interest in a security, asset, trust or Australian land; and 

14 

 

(b)  the provisions of the agreement to acquire or sell the interest 

15 

do not become binding on the person until one or more 

16 

conditions are met; 

17 

the person takes the action to acquire or sell the interest, and enters 

18 

the agreement, only when the provisions become binding. 

19 

Note: 

As a result of this subsection, the person acquires or sells the interest 

20 

only when the provisions become binding. 

21 

16  Meaning of proposes to take certain action 

22 

 

(1)  A person proposes to acquire an interest in securities, assets or 

23 

Australian land if: 

24 

 

(a)  the person makes an offer to acquire the interest; or 

25 

 

(b)  the person makes or publishes a statement (however 

26 

expressed) that expressly or impliedly invites a holder of an 

27 

interest in securities, assets or Australian land to offer to 

28 

dispose of an interest in securities, assets or Australian land; 

29 

or 

30 

 

(c)  the person takes part in, or proposes to take part in, 

31 

negotiations with a view to acquiring an interest in securities, 

32 

assets or Australian land. 

33 

 

(2)  A person proposes to enter or terminate an agreement if the person 

34 

takes part in, or proposes to take part in, negotiations with a view 

35 

to entering or terminating the agreement. 

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(3)  This section does not limit the meaning of propose

17  Meanings of interest and aggregate interest of a specified 

percentage in an entity 

Meaning of interest of a specified percentage in an entity 

 

(1)  A person holds an interest of a specified percentage in an entity if 

the person, alone or together with one or more associates of the 

person: 

 

(a)  is in a position to control at least that percentage of the voting 

power or potential voting power in the entity; or 

 

(b)  holds interests in at least that percentage of the issued 

10 

securities in the entity; or 

11 

 

(c)  would hold interests in at least that percentage of the issued 

12 

securities in the entity if securities in the entity were issued or 

13 

transferred as the result of the exercise of rights of a kind 

14 

mentioned in paragraph 15(1)(b) or (c). 

15 

Note 1: 

See also section 18 (rules relating to determining percentages of 

16 

interests in entities) and the definition of acquire in section 20. 

17 

Note 2: 

A percentage may be specified by referring to: 

18 

(a)  "20%"; or 

19 

(b)  "any percentage"; or 

20 

(c)  a "substantial interest" or a "direct interest"; or 

21 

(d)  a percentage that a person holds in another entity. 

22 

Meaning of aggregate interest of a specified percentage in an 

23 

entity 

24 

 

(2)  Two or more persons (who are not associates of each other) hold 

25 

an aggregate interest of a specified percentage in an entity if they, 

26 

together with any one or more associates of any of them: 

27 

 

(a)  are in a position to control at least that percentage of the 

28 

voting power or potential voting power in the entity; or 

29 

 

(b)  hold interests in at least that percentage of the issued 

30 

securities in the entity; or 

31 

 

(c)  would hold interests in at least that percentage of the issued 

32 

securities in the entity if securities in the entity were issued or 

33 

transferred as the result of the exercise of rights of a kind 

34 

mentioned in paragraph 15(1)(b) or (c). 

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Proxies and representatives 

 

(3)  In determining the percentage of voting power or potential voting 

power that a person is in a position to control in an entity, disregard 

any votes that he or she controls as a proxy or representative. 

18  Rules relating to determining percentages of interests in entities 

Exercise of future rights 

 

(1)  Subsection (2) applies if: 

 

(a)  a person has a right that, if exercised, would result in the 

person holding an interest in an issued security in the entity; 

and 

10 

 

(b)  it cannot be determined at that time (from the right itself or 

11 

from the circumstances existing at that time) whether the 

12 

right would be exercised. 

13 

 

(2)  For the purposes of this Act, in determining the percentage of the 

14 

interests in the issued securities in the entity that the person holds, 

15 

or would hold, at a particular time, assume that the right were 

16 

exercised at that time. 

17 

Discretionary trusts 

18 

 

(3)  For the purposes of this Act, if, under the terms of a trust, a trustee 

19 

has a power or discretion to distribute the income or property of the 

20 

trust to one or more beneficiaries, each beneficiary is taken to hold 

21 

a beneficial interest in the maximum percentage of income or 

22 

property of the trust that the trustee may distribute to that 

23 

beneficiary. 

24 

19  Tracing of substantial interests in corporations and trusts 

25 

 

(1)  This section applies (subject to subsection (3)) if: 

26 

 

(a)  either: 

27 

 

(i)  a person holds a substantial interest in a corporation or 

28 

trust (the higher entity); or 

29 

 

(ii)  2 or more persons hold an aggregate substantial interest 

30 

in a corporation (the higher entity); or 

31 

 

(iii)  2 or more persons hold an aggregate substantial interest 

32 

in a trust (the trustee of which is a higher entity); 

33 

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  including because of one or more applications of this section; 

and 

 

(b)  the higher entity: 

 

(i)  is in a position to control all or any of the voting power 

or potential voting power in a corporation (the lower 

entity); or 

 

(ii)  holds interests in all or any of the shares in a 

corporation (the lower entity); or 

 

(iii)  holds an interest in a trust (the lower entity). 

 

(2)  For the purposes of this Act: 

10 

 

(a)  if subparagraph (1)(b)(i) applies--the person or persons are 

11 

taken to be in a position to control the voting power or 

12 

potential voting power of the lower entity that the higher 

13 

entity is in a position to control; or 

14 

 

(b)  if subparagraph (1)(b)(ii) applies--the person or persons are 

15 

taken to hold the interests in the shares in the lower entity 

16 

that the higher entity holds; or 

17 

 

(c)  if subparagraph (1)(b)(iii) applies--the person or persons are 

18 

taken to hold the interest in the lower entity that the higher 

19 

entity holds. 

20 

 

(3)  This section does not apply for the purpose of: 

21 

 

(a)  determining under any of the following whether a foreign 

22 

person acquires a direct interest in an Australian entity or 

23 

Australian business that is an agribusiness: 

24 

 

(i)  paragraph 40(2)(a) (meaning of significant action--

25 

entities); 

26 

 

(ii)  paragraph 41(2)(a) (meaning of significant action--

27 

businesses); 

28 

 

(iii)  paragraph 47(2)(a) (meaning of notifiable action--

29 

general); or 

30 

 

(b)  determining under paragraph 47(2)(b) (meaning of notifiable 

31 

action--general) whether a foreign person acquires a 

32 

substantial interest in an Australian entity. 

33 

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20  Meaning of acquire an interest of a specified percentage in an 

entity 

 

(1)  A person acquires an interest of a specified percentage in an entity 

if the person: 

 

(a)  starts to hold an interest of that percentage in the entity; or 

 

(b)  would start to hold an interest of that percentage in the entity 

on the assumption that the person: 

 

(i)  held interests in securities that are interests that he or 

she has offered to acquire; or 

 

(ii)  held rights to votes that might be cast at a general 

10 

meeting of the entity that are rights that he or she has 

11 

offered to acquire; or 

12 

 

(c)  for a person who already holds an interest of that percentage 

13 

in the entity: 

14 

 

(i)  becomes in a position to control more of the voting 

15 

power or potential voting power in the entity; or 

16 

 

(ii)  starts to hold additional interests in the issued securities 

17 

in the entity; or 

18 

 

(iii)  would start to hold additional interests in the issued 

19 

securities in the entity if securities in the entity were 

20 

issued or transferred as the result of the exercise of 

21 

rights of a kind mentioned in paragraph 15(1)(b) or (c). 

22 

Note 1: 

For the definition of general meeting, see section 4. 

23 

Note 2: 

A percentage may be specified by referring to: 

24 

(a)  "20%"; or 

25 

(b)  "any percentage"; or 

26 

(c)  a "substantial interest" or a "direct interest"; or 

27 

(d)  a percentage that a person holds in another entity. 

28 

 

(2)  For the purposes of subsection (1), a reference to a person offering 

29 

to acquire interests in securities or rights includes a reference to a 

30 

person making or publishing a statement (however expressed) that 

31 

expressly or impliedly invites a holder of interests in securities or 

32 

rights to offer to dispose of interests in securities or rights. 

33 

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21  Meanings of subsidiary and holding entity 

Meaning of subsidiary 

 

(1)  An entity (the lower entity) is a subsidiary of another entity (the 

higher entity) if: 

 

(a)  the higher entity: 

 

(i)  is in a position to control more than half the voting 

power in the lower entity; or 

 

(ii)  holds more than half the issued securities in the lower 

entity (disregarding any securities that carry no right to 

participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution 

10 

of either profits or capital); or 

11 

 

(b)  the lower entity is a subsidiary of an entity that is the higher 

12 

entity's subsidiary (including because of one or more 

13 

applications of this subsection). 

14 

Note: 

The lower entity need not be the immediate subsidiary of the higher 

15 

entity under paragraph (1)(a) (see section 23 which provides that a 

16 

person may control the voting power in an entity directly or indirectly, 

17 

and section 19 which provides that a person is taken to hold interests 

18 

in securities that are traced through a chain of corporations or trusts). 

19 

 

(2)  In determining whether a lower entity is a subsidiary of a higher 

20 

entity, disregard any securities held or power exercisable by: 

21 

 

(a)  the higher entity in a fiduciary capacity; or 

22 

 

(b)  any person as a result of a debenture of the lower entity; or 

23 

 

(c)  any person as a result of a trust deed for securing the issue of 

24 

a debenture of the lower entity. 

25 

 

(3)  In determining whether a lower entity is a subsidiary of a higher 

26 

entity, any securities held or power exercisable: 

27 

 

(a)  by any person as a nominee for the higher entity; or 

28 

 

(b)  by, or by a nominee for, a subsidiary of the higher entity; 

29 

are taken to be held or exercisable by the higher entity. 

30 

Meaning of holding entity 

31 

 

(4)  An entity (the higher entity) is a holding entity of another entity 

32 

(the lower entity) if the lower entity is a subsidiary of the higher 

33 

entity. 

34 

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22  Meanings of voting power and potential voting power 

Meaning of voting power 

 

(1)  The voting power in an entity is the maximum number of votes that 

might be cast at a general meeting of the entity. 

Note: 

For the definition of general meeting, see section 4. 

Meaning of potential voting power 

 

(2)  The potential voting power in an entity is the voting power in the 

entity, on the assumption that the votes that might be cast at a 

general meeting of the entity included each vote that: 

 

(a)  because of the exercise of a right might come into existence 

10 

in the future (whether or not the right is exercisable presently 

11 

or in the future or on the fulfilment of a condition); and 

12 

 

(b)  if it came into existence, might be cast at a general meeting 

13 

of the entity. 

14 

Note: 

Different voting rights might attach to different classes of securities in 

15 

an entity. 

16 

Exercise of future rights 

17 

 

(3)  In determining how much of the potential voting power in an 

18 

entity a person is in a position to control at a particular time, if: 

19 

 

(a)  a right exists that, if exercised, would result in the person 

20 

being in a position to control more of the potential voting 

21 

power in the entity than the person would be in a position to 

22 

control if the right were not exercised; and 

23 

 

(b)  it cannot be determined at that time (whether from the right 

24 

itself or from the circumstances existing at that time) whether 

25 

the right would be exercised; 

26 

assume that the right were exercised at that time. 

27 

Veto power 

28 

 

(4)  If a person is in a position to veto any resolution of the board, 

29 

central management or general meeting of an entity, then for the 

30 

purposes of this Act (except paragraph 47(2)(b) (meaning of 

31 

notifiable action) and subsection 54(4) (meaning of control)) the 

32 

person is taken to be in a position to control 20% of the potential 

33 

voting power in the entity. 

34 

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23  Meaning of controls the voting power 

 

  A person controls the voting power in an entity if the person 

controls the power directly or indirectly, including as a result or by 

means of agreements or practices, whether or not the agreements or 

practices: 

 

(a)  have legal or equitable force; or 

 

(b)  are based on legal or equitable rights. 

24  Meaning of determines the policy of a business of exploiting a 

mining or production tenement 

 

(1)  A person determines the policy of a business of exploiting a 

10 

mining or production tenement if the person determines questions 

11 

relating to the disposal of an interest in the tenement. 

12 

 

(2)  This section does not limit the meaning of determines the policy of 

13 

a business of exploiting a mining or production tenement. 

14 

25  Meaning of enters an agreement 

15 

 

(1)  A person enters an agreement if: 

16 

 

(a)  the person enters into any formal or informal scheme, 

17 

including by: 

18 

 

(i)  creating a trust (whether express or implied); or 

19 

 

(ii)  entering into a transaction; or 

20 

 

(iii)  acquiring an interest in a security, asset, trust or 

21 

Australian land; or 

22 

 

(b)  the agreement is materially altered or varied. 

23 

Note 1: 

For the definition of scheme, see section 4. 

24 

Note 2: 

A variation of an agreement that increases the percentage that a person 

25 

holds in an entity is material. A variation to the way the consideration 

26 

for an acquisition of an interest is worked out is not material. 

27 

 

(2)  This section does not limit the meaning of enters

28 

26  Meaning of sensitive business 

29 

 

(1)  A business is a sensitive business if the business meets the 

30 

conditions specified in the regulations. 

31 

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(2)  Without limiting subsection (1) or subsection 33(3A) of the Acts 

Interpretation Act 1901, the regulations may prescribe: 

 

(a)  sensitive businesses generally, or different sensitive 

businesses for different kinds of foreign persons; and 

 

(b)  different conditions for different sensitive businesses. 

27  Regulations to provide in relation to valuing assets 

 

  The regulations may provide in relation to valuing the assets of an 

entity, trust or business. 

28  Acts done by agents 

 

  An act done or proposed to be done by an agent on behalf of his or 

10 

her principal is taken to be done or proposed to be done by his or 

11 

her principal. 

12 

Division 3--Application of this Act 

13 

29  Application of this Act to individuals and entities 

14 

 

  This Act applies to: 

15 

 

(a)  all individuals, whether or not resident in Australia or 

16 

Australian citizens; and 

17 

 

(b)  all corporations, whether or not formed or carrying on 

18 

business in Australia; and 

19 

 

(c)  all unit trusts, whether or not Australian unit trusts. 

20 

30  Extension to external Territories 

21 

 

  This Act extends to every external Territory. 

22 

31  Extraterritoriality 

23 

 

  This Act applies both within and outside Australia. 

24 

32  Extension to exclusive economic zone and continental shelf 

25 

 

  This Act extends to a matter relating to the exercise of Australia's 

26 

sovereign rights in the exclusive economic zone or the continental 

27 

shelf. 

28 

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33  This Act binds the Crown 

 

(1)  This Act binds the Crown in each of its capacities. 

 

(2)  This Act does not make the Crown liable to a pecuniary penalty or 

to be prosecuted for an offence. 

34  Concurrent operation of State and Territory laws 

 

  This Act is not intended to exclude or limit the operation of a law 

of a State or Territory to the extent that it is capable of operating 

concurrently with this Act. 

35  General severability 

Application of this section 

10 

 

(1)  This section applies in relation to each of the following persons: 

11 

 

(a)  a foreign person; 

12 

 

(b)  a corporation; 

13 

 

(c)  a person applying for an exemption certificate under: 

14 

 

(i)  section 57 (certificates for new dwellings); or 

15 

 

(ii)  regulations made for the purposes of section 63; 

16 

 

(d)  an individual who holds a substantial interest, or who, as one 

17 

of 2 or more persons, holds an aggregate substantial interest 

18 

in a corporation or trust. 

19 

Effect of this Act 

20 

 

(2)  Without limiting the effect of this Act apart from this section, this 

21 

Act also has effect as provided by this section. 

22 

 

(3)  To avoid doubt, no subsection of this section limits the operation of 

23 

any other subsection of this section. 

24 

External affairs power 

25 

 

(4)  This Act has the effect it would have if each reference to a person 

26 

mentioned in subsection (1) were expressly confined to a person 

27 

outside Australia. 

28 

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Corporations power 

 

(5)  This Act has the effect it would have if each reference to a person 

mentioned in subsection (1) were expressly confined to a 

corporation to which paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution applies. 

Aliens power 

 

(6)  This Act has the effect it would have if each reference to a person 

mentioned in subsection (1) were expressly confined to an alien 

(within the meaning of paragraph 51(xix) of the Constitution). 

Trade and commerce power 

 

(7)  This Act has the effect it would have if each reference to a person 

10 

mentioned in subsection (1) were expressly confined to a person 

11 

engaged in: 

12 

 

(a)  trade or commerce between Australia and places outside 

13 

Australia; or 

14 

 

(b)  trade or commerce among the States; or 

15 

 

(c)  trade or commerce within a Territory, between a State and a 

16 

Territory or between 2 Territories. 

17 

Territories and Commonwealth places power 

18 

 

(8)  This Act has the effect it would have if each reference to a person 

19 

mentioned in subsection (1) were expressly confined to a person in, 

20 

or a person taking an action in relation to: 

21 

 

(a)  a Territory; or 

22 

 

(b)  a Commonwealth place (within the meaning of the 

23 

Commonwealth Places (Application of Laws) Act 1970). 

24 

36  Severability relating to Australian businesses 

25 

 

  Without limiting the effect of this Act apart from this section, this 

26 

Act also has the effect it would have if each reference to an 

27 

Australian business were expressly confined to a reference to an 

28 

Australian business being carried on by a corporation. 

29 

Note: 

The reference to a corporation in this section is affected by section 35 

30 

(general severability). 

31 

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37  Regulations providing for exemptions 

 

(1)  The regulations may provide that this Act, or specified provisions 

of this Act, do not apply in relation to any of, or any combination 

of, the following: 

 

(a)  acquisitions of the kind or in the circumstances prescribed by 

the regulations; 

 

(b)  interests of the kind or in the circumstances prescribed by the 

regulations; 

 

(c)  Australian businesses of the kind or in the circumstances 

prescribed by the regulations; 

10 

 

(d)  foreign persons of the kind or in the circumstances prescribed 

11 

by the regulations. 

12 

Note: 

Provisions may be specified by referring to: 

13 

(a)  a particular provision; or 

14 

(b)  this Act, other than specified provisions. 

15 

 

(2)  Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may provide that 

16 

specified provisions of the Act do not apply to a specified extent. 

17 

 

(3)  Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may provide that 

18 

land of a specified kind is not agricultural land. 

19 

 

(4)  The regulations may provide that specified foreign persons who 

20 

take action in relation to interests in Australian land may disregard 

21 

the fact that the land is agricultural land for all or specified 

22 

purposes. 

23 

 

(5)  Regulations providing as mentioned in paragraph (4)(a) do not 

24 

affect the operation of this Act to the extent that the action is 

25 

otherwise a significant action or notifiable action. 

26 

 

(6)  Regulations made for the purposes of this section have effect 

27 

according to their terms. 

28 

 

(7)  This Act does not limit the regulations that may be made for the 

29 

purposes of this section. 

30 

4  Parts IA to III 

31 

Repeal the Parts, substitute: 

32 

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Part 2--Meaning of significant action and 

notifiable action 

Division 1--Simplified outline of this Part 

38  Simplified outline of this Part 

The concepts of significant action and notifiable action are 2 of 

the most important concepts in this Act. 

The Treasurer has powers to make orders and decisions under 

Part 3 in relation to any significant action taken or proposed to be 

taken. 

A foreign person must give the Treasurer a notice before taking a 

10 

notifiable action. Only some significant actions are notifiable 

11 

actions. 

12 

Those concepts are defined in this Part. 

13 

Division 2--Meaning of significant action 

14 

39  Simplified outline of this Division 

15 

Broadly, a significant action is an action to acquire interests in 

16 

securities, assets or Australian land, or otherwise take action in 

17 

relation to entities (being corporations and unit trusts) and 

18 

businesses, that have a connection to Australia. For an action to be 

19 

a significant action, the action must result in a change in control 

20 

involving a foreign person or be taken by a foreign person. 

21 

Generally, the action is only a significant action if the entity, 

22 

business or land meets the threshold test. A different threshold test 

23 

applies for certain significant actions taken in relation to 

24 

agribusinesses. 

25 

The regulations may also prescribe actions that are significant 

26 

actions. 

27 

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An acquisition of an interest in Australian land by a foreign person 

that is specified in an exemption certificate under Division 5 is 

generally not a significant action. 

Division 6 deals with the treatment of entities whose securities are 

stapled and entities operating on a unified basis. 

40  Meaning of significant action--entities 

 

(1)  An action is a significant action if the conditions in this section are 

met. 

First condition--kinds of action 

 

(2)  The first condition is that the action is any of the following: 

10 

 

(a)  to acquire a direct interest in an Australian entity that is an 

11 

agribusiness; 

12 

 

(b)  to acquire interests in securities in an entity; 

13 

 

(c)  to issue securities in an entity; 

14 

 

(d)  to enter an agreement: 

15 

 

(i)  relating to the affairs of the entity; and 

16 

 

(ii)  under which one or more senior officers of the entity 

17 

will be under an obligation to act in accordance with the 

18 

directions, instructions or wishes of a foreign person 

19 

who holds a substantial interest in the entity (or of an 

20 

associate of such a foreign person); 

21 

 

(e)  to alter a constituent document of the entity as a result of 

22 

which one or more senior officers of the entity will be under 

23 

an obligation to act in accordance with the directions, 

24 

instructions or wishes of a foreign person who holds a 

25 

substantial interest in the entity (or of an associate of such a 

26 

foreign person). 

27 

Note: 

An action mentioned in any of paragraphs (2)(b) to (e) may be taken 

28 

in relation to an Australian entity that is an agribusiness (see 

29 

section 42). 

30 

Second condition--threshold 

31 

 

(3)  The second condition is that the threshold test is met in relation to 

32 

the entity (see Subdivision B of Division 4). 

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Third condition--kinds of entities covered 

 

(4)  The third condition (except if paragraph (2)(a) applies) is that the 

entity is the following: 

 

(a)  for an acquisition of interests in shares or an issue of shares: 

 

(i)  a corporation that is a relevant entity that carries on an 

Australian business, whether alone or together with one 

or more other persons; or 

 

(ii)  the holding entity of such a corporation; 

 

(b)  for any other action relating to a corporation: 

 

(i)  an Australian corporation that carries on an Australian 

10 

business, whether alone or together with one or more 

11 

other persons; or 

12 

 

(ii)  the holding entity (other than a foreign corporation) of 

13 

such a corporation; 

14 

 

(c)  for an action relating to a unit trust: 

15 

 

(i)  an Australian unit trust; or 

16 

 

(ii)  a holding entity of an Australian unit trust. 

17 

Last condition--action taken by a foreign person 

18 

 

(5)  If paragraph (2)(a) applies, the last condition is that the action is or 

19 

is to be taken by a foreign person. 

20 

Last condition--action results in change in control 

21 

 

(6)  If any of paragraphs (2)(b) to (e) apply, the last condition is that 

22 

there would be or has been a change in control of the entity as a 

23 

result of the action (see Subdivision C of Division 4). 

24 

41  Meaning of significant action--businesses 

25 

 

(1)  An action is a significant action if the conditions in this section are 

26 

met. 

27 

First condition--kinds of action 

28 

 

(2)  The first condition is that the action is any of the following: 

29 

 

(a)  to acquire a direct interest in an Australian business that is an 

30 

agribusiness; 

31 

 

(b)  to acquire interests in assets of an Australian business; 

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(c)  to enter or terminate a significant agreement with an 

Australian business. 

Note: 

An action mentioned in paragraph (2)(b) or (c) may be taken in 

relation to an Australian business that is an agribusiness (see 

section 42). 

Second condition--threshold 

 

(3)  The second condition is that the threshold test is met in relation to 

the Australian business (see Subdivision B of Division 4). 

Third condition--action taken by a foreign person 

 

(4)  If paragraph (2)(a) applies, the third condition is that the action is 

10 

or is to be taken by a foreign person. 

11 

Third condition--action results in change in control 

12 

 

(5)  If paragraph (2)(b) or (c) applies, the third condition is that there 

13 

would be or has been a change in control of the business as a result 

14 

of the action (see Subdivision C of Division 4). 

15 

42  Action taken in relation to agribusinesses 

16 

 

  To avoid doubt, a person may take an action under any of 

17 

paragraphs 40(2)(b) to (e) or 41(2)(b) or (c) in relation to an 

18 

Australian entity or Australian business that is an agribusiness. 

19 

43  Meaning of significant action--land 

20 

 

  An action is a significant action if: 

21 

 

(a)  the action is for a foreign person to acquire an interest in 

22 

Australian land; and 

23 

 

(b)  the threshold test is met in relation to the land (see 

24 

Subdivision B of Division 4). 

25 

Note: 

Certain acquisitions of land by foreign persons may not be significant 

26 

actions (see section 45). 

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44  Meaning of significant action--actions prescribed by the 

regulations 

 

(1)  The regulations may provide that a specified action is a significant 

action (including by providing that a specified action is a 

significant action if specified conditions are met). 

 

(2)  Sections 40, 41 and 43 do not limit the actions that may be 

specified by the regulations. 

Note: 

For example, the regulations may specify an action without requiring 

the threshold test to be met or a change in control. 

45  Actions that are not significant actions--exemption certificates 

10 

 

(1)  Despite this Division, an action is not a significant action if: 

11 

 

(a)  the action is a foreign person acquiring an interest in a new 

12 

dwelling that will be, is being or has been built on another 

13 

interest (the development interest) in Australian land; and 

14 

 

(b)  the acquisition was from a person who was specified in an 

15 

exemption certificate in force under section 57; and 

16 

 

(c)  the development interest was specified in the certificate; and 

17 

 

(d)  the specified person provided the foreign person with a copy 

18 

of that certificate before the foreign person acquired the 

19 

interest; and 

20 

 

(e)  either: 

21 

 

(i)  the conditions (if any) specified in the certificate were 

22 

met; or 

23 

 

(ii)  the foreign person is not, at the time of the action, aware 

24 

that one or more of the conditions specified in the 

25 

certificate have not been met. 

26 

 

(2)  Despite this Division, an action is not a significant action if: 

27 

 

(a)  the action is a foreign person acquiring a kind of interest in 

28 

Australian land; and 

29 

 

(b)  the foreign person is specified in an exemption certificate in 

30 

force under section 58 or 59; and 

31 

 

(c)  the interest is, or is of a kind, specified in the certificate; and 

32 

 

(d)  the conditions (if any) specified in the certificate were met. 

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(3)  The regulations may provide, in relation to exemption certificates 

in force under regulations made for the purposes of section 63, that 

an action of a specified kind is not a significant action

Division 3--Meaning of notifiable action 

46  Simplified outline of this Division 

A notifiable action is a proposed action by a foreign person: 

 

(a) 

to acquire a direct interest in an Australian entity or 

Australian business that is an agribusiness; or 

 

(b) 

to acquire a substantial interest in an Australian entity; 

or 

10 

 

(c) 

to acquire an interest in Australian land. 

11 

Generally, the action is only notifiable if the entity, business or 

12 

land meets the threshold test. A different threshold test applies for 

13 

certain notifiable actions taken in relation to agribusinesses. 

14 

Unlike for a significant action, there does not need to be a change 

15 

in control for actions relating to entities and businesses to be 

16 

notifiable actions. 

17 

The regulations may also prescribe actions that are notifiable 

18 

actions. 

19 

Actions to acquire interests in Australian land that are specified in 

20 

an exemption certificate under Division 5 are generally not 

21 

notifiable actions. 

22 

Division 6 deals with the treatment of entities whose securities are 

23 

stapled and entities operating on a unified basis. 

24 

47  Meaning of notifiable action--general 

25 

 

(1)  An action is a notifiable action if the conditions in this section are 

26 

met. 

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First condition--kinds of action 

 

(2)   The first condition is that the action is any of the following: 

 

(a)  to acquire a direct interest in an Australian entity or 

Australian business that is an agribusiness; 

 

(b)  to acquire a substantial interest in an Australian entity; 

 

(c)  to acquire an interest in Australian land. 

Note: 

For the definition of acquire a direct interest or a substantial interest, 

see section 20. 

Second condition--threshold 

 

(3)  The second condition is that the threshold test is met in relation to 

10 

the entity, business or land (see Subdivision B of Division 4). 

11 

Third condition--kinds of entities covered 

12 

 

(4)  If paragraph (2)(a) or (b) applies, the third condition is that the 

13 

entity is: 

14 

 

(a)  an Australian corporation that carries on an Australian 

15 

business, whether alone or together with one or more other 

16 

persons; or 

17 

 

(b)  an Australian unit trust; or 

18 

 

(c)  an Australian entity that is the holding entity of an entity 

19 

mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b). 

20 

Last condition--action taken by a foreign person 

21 

 

(5)  The last condition (whether paragraph (2)(a), (b) or (c) applies) is 

22 

that the action is or is to be taken by a foreign person. 

23 

48  Meaning of notifiable action--actions prescribed by the 

24 

regulations 

25 

 

(1)  The regulations may provide that a specified action is a notifiable 

26 

action (including by providing that a specified action is a 

27 

notifiable action if specified conditions are met). 

28 

 

(2)  Section 47 does not limit the actions that may be specified by the 

29 

regulations. 

30 

Note: 

For example, the regulations may specify an action without requiring 

31 

the threshold test to be met. 

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49  Actions that are not notifiable actions--exemption certificates 

 

(1)  Despite this Division, an action is not a notifiable action if: 

 

(a)  the action is a foreign person acquiring an interest in 

Australian land; and 

 

(b)  the action would not be a significant action under section 45 

(actions that are not significant actions--exemption 

certificates). 

 

(2)  The regulations may provide, in relation to exemption certificates 

in force under regulations made for the purposes of section 63, that 

an action of a specified kind is not a notifiable action

10 

Division 4--The threshold test and change in control 

11 

Subdivision A--Simplified outline of this Division 

12 

50  Simplified outline of this Division 

13 

Two important tests in determining whether an action is a 

14 

significant action are whether the threshold test is met and whether 

15 

there has been a change in control. 

16 

For the threshold test to be met, a certain value must be above a 

17 

threshold prescribed by the regulations. The value depends on the 

18 

action taken. 

19 

There is a change in control of an entity or business if the 

20 

Treasurer is satisfied that one or more foreign persons begin to 

21 

control the entity or business, or the foreign persons who currently 

22 

control the entity or business change. 

23 

One or more persons who hold a substantial interest or an 

24 

aggregate substantial interest in an entity are taken to control the 

25 

entity. Also, a person controls the entity if the person is in a 

26 

position to determine the policy of the entity or business. 

27 

There are broad powers for the regulations to prescribe thresholds 

28 

under this Part. 

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Subdivision B--The threshold test 

51  The threshold test for entities and businesses 

 

  The threshold test is met in relation to an entity or business for a 

significant action mentioned in column 1 of the following table if 

the value mentioned in column 2 of the table is more than the value 

prescribed by the regulations. 

 

When the threshold test is met 

Item 

Column 1 

Significant action 

Column 2 

Value 

A person acquiring a direct 

interest in an Australian 

entity or Australian 

business that is an 

agribusiness 

The total of the following: 

(a) the value of the consideration for the 

acquisition; 

(b) the total value of the other interests held by 

the person, alone or together with one or 

more associates: 

(i) in the entity or business; or 

(ii) previously acquired from the entity 

or business 

Acquiring interests in 

securities in an entity, or 

issuing securities in an 

entity 

The higher of the following: 

(a) the total asset value for the entity; 

(b) the total issued securities value for the 

entity 

Entering an agreement 

mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(d) in 

relation to an entity, or 

altering a constituent 

document of an entity as 

mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(e) 

The total asset value for the entity 

 

Acquiring interests in the 

assets of an Australian 

business 

The value of the consideration for the 

acquisition 

Entering or terminating a 

significant agreement with 

an Australian business 

The total value of the assets of the business 

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Note 1: 

Total asset value, total issued securities value and consideration are 

defined by the regulations (see section 4). 

Note 2: 

The regulations may provide in relation to valuing assets of an entity 

or business (see section 27). 

52  The threshold test for land 

Land without threshold value 

 

(1)  The threshold test is met in relation to land if the land is of a kind 

that is prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this 

subsection. 

Agricultural land where total value of interests is above threshold 

10 

value 

11 

 

(2)  The threshold test is met in relation to land if both of the following 

12 

apply: 

13 

 

(a)  the land is agricultural land; 

14 

 

(b)  the total value of the following is more than the value 

15 

prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph: 

16 

 

(i)  all interests in agricultural land held by the foreign 

17 

person, alone or together with one or more associates; 

18 

 

(ii)  the consideration for the acquisition of the interest in the 

19 

land. 

20 

Note: 

Consideration is defined by the regulations (see section 4). 

21 

Other land where value of interest is above threshold value 

22 

 

(3)  The threshold test is met in relation to land if both of the following 

23 

apply: 

24 

 

(a)  the land is not land prescribed for the purposes of 

25 

subsection (1) or agricultural land; 

26 

 

(b)  the value of the interest in the land is more than the value 

27 

prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph. 

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53  The threshold test in relation to actions of more than one kind 

Agreements covering more than one action 

 

(1)  If an action relating to an entity, business or land is covered by an 

agreement, the action is a significant action if the threshold test is 

met in relation to the entity, business or land even if the threshold 

test is not met for another action covered by the agreement 

(whether or not relating to the same entity, business or land). 

Actions of more than one kind 

 

(2)  If either or both of the following apply: 

 

(a)  a single action is covered by more than one of the following 

10 

(because an action is an action of more than one kind): 

11 

 

(i)  paragraph 40(2)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e); 

12 

 

(ii)  paragraph 41(2)(a), (b) or (c); 

13 

 

(iii)  paragraph 43(a); 

14 

 

(iv)  a provision of regulations made for the purposes of 

15 

section 44; 

16 

 

(b)  a single action relating to land is covered by more than one 

17 

subsection of section 52 (because the land is land of more 

18 

than one kind); 

19 

the threshold test is met in relation to the single action if the test is 

20 

met in relation to any of the kinds of actions or land (even if the 

21 

threshold test is not met in relation to any of the other kinds of 

22 

actions or land). 

23 

Example 1: An acquisition of an interest in securities in an Australian land 

24 

corporation is covered by paragraphs 40(2)(b) and 43(a). The 

25 

threshold test is met if the threshold test is met in relation to the 

26 

corporation or land held by the corporation. 

27 

Example 2: An acquisition of an interest in land may be an acquisition of an 

28 

interest in a mining or production tenement and an interest in 

29 

agricultural land. The threshold test is met if the threshold test is met 

30 

in relation to either kind of land. 

31 

Subdivision C--Change in control 

32 

54  Change in control 

33 

 

(1)  For the purposes of determining whether an action is a significant 

34 

action, there is a change in control of an entity or business if, and 

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only if, the Treasurer is satisfied that the action would have, or has 

had, any of the results mentioned in subsection (2) or (3). 

Foreign persons begin to control entity or business 

 

(2)  One or more foreign persons would begin, or have begun, to 

control the entity or business (whether alone or together with any 

associates of any of those persons). 

Change in foreign persons who control the entity or business 

 

(3)  If one or more foreign persons already control or controlled the 

entity or business: 

 

(a)  another foreign person would become, or has become, a 

10 

person who controls the entity or business; or 

11 

 

(b)  a person would cease, or has ceased, to be a person who 

12 

controls the entity or business. 

13 

Meaning of control 

14 

 

(4)  A person controls an entity or business if: 

15 

 

(a)  the person (whether alone or together with one or more 

16 

associates) is in a position to determine the policy of the 

17 

entity or business in relation to any matter; or 

18 

 

(b)  without limiting paragraph (a), in relation to the acquisition 

19 

of interests in securities in an entity or an issue of securities 

20 

in an entity: 

21 

 

(i)  the person holds a substantial interest in the entity; or 

22 

 

(ii)  the person is one of 2 or more persons who hold an 

23 

aggregate substantial interest in the entity. 

24 

Note: 

For determining the policy of a business of exploiting a mining or 

25 

production tenement, see section 24. 

26 

 

(5)  However, a person mentioned in paragraph (4)(b) does not control 

27 

the entity if the Treasurer is satisfied that, having regard to all the 

28 

circumstances, the person together with any one or more associates 

29 

of that person is not in a position to determine the policy of the 

30 

entity. 

31 

 

(6)  Subsection (5) does not require the Treasurer to determine whether 

32 

a person is in a position to determine the policy of an entity. 

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References to foreign persons 

 

(7)  If the Treasurer is satisfied that one or more foreign persons 

together with any one or more associates control an entity under 

subsection (4), then, in relation to an action taken relating to the 

entity, a reference to a foreign person is taken, for the purposes of 

Part 3 (powers of Treasurer), to include a reference to those 

associates (even if those associates are not foreign persons). 

Subdivision D--Regulations 

55  Regulations 

 

(1)  Regulations made for the purposes of this Part may prescribe any 

10 

of, or any combination of, the following: 

11 

 

(a)  values of nil; 

12 

 

(b)  different values for different kinds of entities, businesses or 

13 

land; 

14 

 

(c)  different values for different kinds of foreign persons; 

15 

 

(d)  different values for: 

16 

 

(i)  sensitive businesses generally; or 

17 

 

(ii)  different sensitive businesses for different foreign 

18 

persons. 

19 

Note: 

Regulations may also provide for indexation (see subsection 139(2)). 

20 

 

(2)  The paragraphs and subparagraphs in subsection (1) do not limit: 

21 

 

(a)  each other; or 

22 

 

(b)  the regulations that may be made for the purposes of this 

23 

Part; or 

24 

 

(c)  subsection 33(3A) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901

25 

Division 5--Exemption certificates 

26 

56  Simplified outline of this Division 

27 

An exemption certificate is a certificate given by the Treasurer that 

28 

specifies an interest or an interest of a kind that, if acquired by a 

29 

foreign person, does not give rise to a significant action or a 

30 

notifiable action. The certificate may also specify conditions that 

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are required to be complied with in order for an acquisition of the 

interest not to be a significant action or notifiable action. 

A person may apply for an exemption certificate under this 

Division. 

The Treasurer must generally make a decision on an application 

within the period prescribed by the regulations. The regulations 

may also provide for additional kinds of exemption certificates. 

57  Exemption certificates for new dwellings 

 

(1)  A person may apply for a certificate under this section if: 

 

(a)  the person or any other person proposes to acquire or has 

10 

acquired an interest in Australian land; and 

11 

 

(b)  the person or other person proposes to dispose of new 

12 

dwellings to foreign persons that will be, are being or have 

13 

been built on that land. 

14 

Note: 

See also Part 6 (fees) and section 135 (manner of notification and 

15 

application). 

16 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may give a certificate if the Treasurer is satisfied 

17 

that the disposal of the new dwellings to foreign persons is not 

18 

contrary to the national interest. 

19 

 

(3)  The certificate must specify: 

20 

 

(a)  the person (who may not yet be incorporated or established) 

21 

to whom the certificate relates; and 

22 

 

(b)  the interest to which the certificate relates. 

23 

Note: 

For other things that the certificate may specify, see section 60. 

24 

58  Exemption certificates for foreign persons 

25 

 

(1)  A foreign person may apply for a certificate under this section if 

26 

the foreign person or any other foreign person proposes to acquire 

27 

one or more kinds of interests in Australian land. 

28 

Note: 

See also Part 6 (fees) and section 135 (manner of notification and 

29 

application). 

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(2)  The Treasurer may give a certificate if the Treasurer is satisfied 

that acquisitions of those kinds of interests by that foreign person is 

not contrary to the national interest. 

 

(3)  The certificate must specify: 

 

(a)  the person (who may not yet be incorporated or established) 

to whom the certificate relates; and 

 

(b)  the kinds of interests in Australian land to which the 

certificate relates. 

Note: 

For other things that the certificate may specify, see section 60. 

59  Exemption certificates for established dwellings 

10 

 

(1)  A foreign person may apply for a certificate under this section if 

11 

the foreign person or any other foreign person proposes to acquire 

12 

an interest in an established dwelling. 

13 

Note: 

See also Part 6 (fees) and section 135 (manner of notification and 

14 

application). 

15 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may give a certificate if the Treasurer is satisfied 

16 

that the acquisition of the interest by that foreign person is not 

17 

contrary to the national interest. 

18 

 

(3)  The certificate must specify: 

19 

 

(a)  the person to whom the certificate relates; and 

20 

 

(b)  the interest to which the certificate relates. 

21 

Note: 

For other things that the certificate may specify, see section 60. 

22 

60  Other matters that may be specified by exemption certificates 

23 

 

(1)  An exemption certificate may specify: 

24 

 

(a)  one or more conditions; and 

25 

 

(b)  a period during which the certificate is in force; and 

26 

 

(c)  any other matter. 

27 

Note 1: 

For offences and civil penalties for failing to comply with a condition, 

28 

see Part 5. 

29 

Note 2: 

An example of a condition that may be specified in an exemption 

30 

certificate is a condition requiring that an interest or kind of interest be 

31 

acquired in land within a specified area. 

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(2)  One exemption certificate may deal with more than one interest or 

kind of interest. 

61  Time limit for making decisions on exemption certificates 

 

(1)  If a person applies for an exemption certificate, the Treasurer must 

make a decision whether to grant the application before the end of 

the following period: 

 

(a)  the period prescribed by the regulations; 

 

(b)  if the person requests in writing the Treasurer to extend the 

period--the period as so extended. 

Note: 

For withdrawal of applications, see section 136. 

10 

Giving exemption certificates 

11 

 

(2)  If the Treasurer decides to grant the application, the exemption 

12 

certificate: 

13 

 

(a)  must be given to the person before the end of 10 days after 

14 

the decision is made; and 

15 

 

(b)  may be given to the person at an address (including an 

16 

electronic address) specified in the application by the person 

17 

as the address for service of notices relating to the 

18 

application. 

19 

Failure to make decision or give exemption certificate 

20 

 

(3)  The Treasurer is taken to have given, in accordance with 

21 

subsection (2), an exemption certificate (without specifying 

22 

conditions) of the kind applied for if the Treasurer does not: 

23 

 

(a)  make a decision before the end of the period mentioned in 

24 

subsection (1); or 

25 

 

(b)  if the Treasurer makes a decision before the end of the 

26 

period--give the person the exemption certificate in 

27 

accordance with subsection (2). 

28 

 

(4)  The exemption certificate is taken to have specified: 

29 

 

(a)  the person to whom the certificate relates; and 

30 

 

(b)  the interests or kinds of interests to which the certificate 

31 

relates; and 

32 

 

(c)  the period during which the certificate is in force; 

33 

in accordance with the information specified in the application. 

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62  Variation or revocation of exemption certificates 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may vary or revoke an exemption certificate given 

to a person if the Treasurer is satisfied that the variation or 

revocation is not contrary to the national interest. 

 

(2)  A variation may be made on application in writing by the person or 

on the Treasurer's own initiative. 

Note: 

See also Part 6 (fees) and section 135 (manner of notification and 

application). 

 

(3)  Subsection 33(3) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 does not 

apply in relation to a power under this Subdivision to give an 

10 

exemption certificate. 

11 

 

(4)  Subsection (1) does not apply to an exemption certificate that is 

12 

taken to have been given under section 61. 

13 

63  Exemption certificates provided for by the regulations 

14 

 

  The regulations may provide for and in relation to additional kinds 

15 

of certificates given by the Treasurer. 

16 

Note: 

The regulations may provide, in relation to exemption certificates in 

17 

force under regulations made for the purposes of this section, that an 

18 

action of a specified kind is not a significant action or a notifiable 

19 

action (see subsections 45(3) and 49(2)). 

20 

Division 6--Entities whose securities are stapled and 

21 

entities operating on a unified basis 

22 

64  Simplified outline of this Division 

23 

This Division deals with the treatment of entities whose securities 

24 

are stapled and entities operating on a unified basis. In certain 

25 

circumstances, if any of those entities are foreign or not carrying 

26 

on an Australian business, they are treated as if they were 

27 

Australian entities or carrying on an Australian business. 

28 

Consequently, an action taken in relation to those entities may be a 

29 

significant action or a notifiable action. 

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65  Entities whose securities are stapled and entities operating on a 

unified basis 

 

(1)  This section applies if: 

 

(a)  either: 

 

(i)  the securities in an entity can only be transferred 

together with securities in one or more other entities; or 

 

(ii)  an entity has entered an agreement with one or more 

other entities resulting in the entities being under a legal 

obligation to operate on a unified basis; and 

 

(b)  a person takes an action in relation to one of the entities (the 

10 

target) mentioned in paragraph (a); and 

11 

 

(c)  the target is not: 

12 

 

(i)  an Australian entity; or 

13 

 

(ii)  an entity carrying on an Australian business; or 

14 

 

(iii)  the holding entity of such an entity; 

15 

 

  as is required for the action to be a significant action or a 

16 

notifiable action; and 

17 

 

(d)  there is at least one other entity mentioned in paragraph (a) 

18 

that is an entity of a kind mentioned in subparagraph (c)(i), 

19 

(ii) or (iii). 

20 

Note: 

Entities in a dual listed company arrangement are examples of entities 

21 

that are under a legal obligation to operate on a unified basis. 

22 

 

(2)  For the purposes of this Act, the target is taken to be the same kind 

23 

of entity as the entity mentioned in paragraph (d). 

24 

Example:  A foreign person acquires interests in securities in the target (see 

25 

paragraph 40(2)(b)). The target's securities are stapled to securities in 

26 

another entity. The other entity is a relevant entity that carries on an 

27 

Australian business (see subparagraph 40(4)(a)(i)). The target is taken 

28 

to be a relevant entity that carries on an Australian business. 

29 

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Part 3--Powers of Treasurer 

Division 1--Simplified outline of this Part 

66  Simplified outline of this Part 

This Part deals with the powers that the Treasurer has if a 

significant action is proposed to be taken or has been taken. 

The Treasurer may be aware of the significant action because a 

foreign person was required to give a notice under section 81. 

Alternatively, a foreign person might choose to give a notice 

despite not being required to do so. 

If a significant action is proposed to be taken, the Treasurer may 

10 

prohibit the action. The Treasurer may make an interim order 

11 

before deciding whether to make an order prohibiting a significant 

12 

action. 

13 

If a significant action has been taken, the Treasurer may order that 

14 

the action be undone (for example, by requiring an acquisition to 

15 

be disposed of). 

16 

Instead of making an order, the Treasurer may give a notification 

17 

(called a no objection notification) stating that the Commonwealth 

18 

does not object to an action. The Treasurer may impose conditions 

19 

on a significant action. 

20 

If the Treasurer is given a notice that a significant action is 

21 

proposed to be taken, the Treasurer must make a decision under 

22 

this Part within a certain period (generally, within 30 days of 

23 

receiving the notice, or within an additional period of up to 90 days 

24 

from the publication of an interim order). A person must not take 

25 

the action during this period unless the person is given a no 

26 

objection notification. 

27 

In addition, if a foreign person is given a no objection notification 

28 

relating to a significant action, and the foreign person takes the 

29 

action in accordance with the notification, the Treasurer is 

30 

prevented from using the powers under this Part in relation to the 

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action. (This limitation does not apply if foreign persons or actions 

are not specified in the notification.) 

A person who fails to comply with an order or notification under 

this Part may commit an offence or be liable to a civil penalty. 

Under section 113, a fee may be payable in relation to orders or 

notifications given under this Part. 

Division 2--Powers of Treasurer 

Subdivision A--Orders 

67  Order prohibiting proposed significant actions 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may make an order under subsection (2) if the 

10 

Treasurer is satisfied that: 

11 

 

(a)  a significant action is proposed to be taken; and 

12 

 

(b)  taking the significant action would be contrary to the national 

13 

interest. 

14 

Note: 

See also section 77 (time limit on making orders and decisions) and 

15 

Parts 5 (offences and civil penalties) and 6 (fees). 

16 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may make an order in accordance with the following 

17 

table. 

18 

 

19 

Powers of Treasurer to prohibit proposed significant actions 

Item 

If the significant action is ...  

the Treasurer may make an order 

prohibiting  ...  

to acquire a direct interest in an 

Australian entity that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in 

securities in an entity 

the whole or a part of the proposed 

acquisition. 

to issue securities in an entity 

the whole or a part of the proposed 

issue of the securities. 

to enter an agreement mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(d) 

entering the proposed agreement. 

to alter a constituent document of an 

entity as mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(e) 

the proposed alteration. 

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Powers of Treasurer to prohibit proposed significant actions 

Item 

If the significant action is ...  

the Treasurer may make an order 

prohibiting  ...  

to acquire a direct interest in an 

Australian business that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in assets 

of an Australian business 

the whole or a part of the proposed 

acquisition. 

to enter a significant agreement with 

an Australian business 

entering the proposed agreement. 

to terminate a significant agreement 

with an Australian business 

the termination of the existing 

agreement. 

to acquire an interest in Australian 

land 

the proposed acquisition. 

to take any significant action 

prescribed by regulations made for 

the purposes of section 44 

any thing prescribed by regulations 

made for the purposes of this item. 

 

(3)  If the Treasurer makes an order under subsection (2), the Treasurer 

may also make an order in accordance with the following table. 

 

Additional orders 

Item 

If the significant action is ...  

the Treasurer may also make an 

order ...  

to acquire a direct interest in an 

Australian entity that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in 

securities in an entity 

directing a specified foreign person 

(whether alone or with specified 

associate or class of associates) not 

to: 

(a) increase the proportion of the 

total voting power, or the total 

potential voting power, in the 

entity that the person is in a 

position to control (or increase 

that proportion beyond a 

specified proportion); or 

(b) increase the proportion of 

interests in issued securities in 

the entity that the person holds 

(or increase that proportion 

beyond a specified proportion). 

to acquire a direct interest in an 

directing a specified foreign person 

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Additional orders 

Item 

If the significant action is ...  

the Treasurer may also make an 

order ...  

Australian business that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in assets 

of an Australian business 

(whether alone or with specified 

associate or class of associates): 

(a) not to acquire any interests in 

assets of that business; or 

(b) to acquire any such interests only 

to a specified extent. 

to acquire an interest in Australian 

land 

directing a specified foreign person 

(whether alone or with specified 

associate or class of associates): 

(a) not to acquire any interests in the 

land or other thing concerned; or 

(b) to acquire any such interests only 

to a specified extent. 

68  Interim orders 

 

(1)  For the purpose of considering whether to make an order under 

section 67, the Treasurer may make an order, under this section, of 

the kind that he or she may make under that section as if that 

section had applied. 

Note: 

See also section 77 (time limit on making orders and decisions) and 

Parts 5 (offences and civil penalties) and 6 (fees). 

 

(2)  An order made under this section must specify the period during 

which the order has effect. The period must not be more than 90 

days. 

10 

Note: 

The period does not start until the order is published in the Gazette 

11 

(see paragraph 72(2)(b)). 

12 

69  Disposal orders 

13 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may make an order under subsection (2) if the 

14 

Treasurer is satisfied that: 

15 

 

(a)  a significant action has been taken; and 

16 

 

(b)  the result of the significant action is contrary to the national 

17 

interest. 

18 

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Note: 

See also sections 70 (limitation on making disposal orders) and 77 

(time limit on making orders and decisions) and Parts 5 (offences and 

civil penalties) and 6 (fees). 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may make an order in accordance with the following 

table. 

 

Powers of Treasurer to require disposal of interests 

Item 

If the significant action was ...  

the Treasurer may make an order 

directing  ...  

to acquire a direct interest in an 

Australian entity that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in 

securities in an entity 

the person who acquired the interest 

to dispose of the interest within a 

specified period to one or more 

persons who are not associates of 

the person. 

to enter an agreement mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(d) 

specified persons to do within a 

specified period, or refrain from 

doing, specified acts or acts of a 

specified kind. 

to alter a constituent document of 

an entity as mentioned in 

paragraph 40(2)(e) 

specified persons to do within a 

specified period, or refrain from 

doing, specified acts or acts of a 

specified kind. 

to acquire a direct interest in an 

Australian business that is an 

agribusiness, or an interest in assets 

of an Australian business 

the person who acquired the interest 

to dispose of the interest within a 

specified period to one or more 

persons who are not associates of 

the person. 

to enter a significant agreement 

with an Australian business 

specified persons to do within a 

specified period, or refrain from 

doing, specified acts or acts of a 

specified kind. 

to terminate a significant agreement 

with an Australian business 

specified persons to do within a 

specified period, or refrain from 

doing, specified acts or acts of a 

specified kind. 

to acquire an interest in Australian 

land 

the person who acquired the interest 

to dispose of that interest within a 

specified period to one or more 

persons who are not associates of 

the person. 

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Powers of Treasurer to require disposal of interests 

Item 

If the significant action was ...  

the Treasurer may make an order 

directing  ...  

to take any significant action 

prescribed by regulations made for 

the purposes of section 44 

a specified person to do a thing 

prescribed by regulations made for 

the purposes of this item. 

Orders made under table item 7 

 

(3)  Without limiting item 7 of the table in subsection (2): 

 

(a)  a foreign person is taken to have acquired an interest in 

Australian land if the person becomes (with or without the 

knowledge of the person) a beneficiary in a trust that consists 

of or includes the interest; and 

 

(b)  if the trust is a discretionary trust--a reference to the disposal 

of the interest of the foreign person is a reference to the 

disposal of any assignable benefits in relation to that trust 

that may ultimately vest in that foreign person. 

10 

Orders made under table items 2, 3, 5 or 6 

11 

 

(4)  An order under any of items 2, 3, 5 or 6 of the table in 

12 

subsection (2) may be made only for the purpose of: 

13 

 

(a)  restoring the control of the entity or business as closely as 

14 

possible to the position in which it was before the significant 

15 

action was taken; or 

16 

 

(b)  preventing the occurrence of a change in control of the entity 

17 

or business. 

18 

 

(5)  Before the end of a period specified in an order made under any of 

19 

items 2, 3, 5 or 6 of the table in subsection (2) (or that period as 

20 

extended under a previous application of this subsection), the 

21 

Treasurer may, in writing, extend the period. The order has effect 

22 

as if the period as extended had been specified in the order. 

23 

70  Limitation on making disposal orders 

24 

 

(1)  This section applies if: 

25 

 

(a)  a person is given a no objection notification specifying one or 

26 

more significant actions; and 

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(b)  for a decision to which paragraph 74(1)(a) or section 75 

applied--the actions specified in the notification were taken; 

and 

 

(c)  in any case, both of the following apply: 

 

(i)  either the period specified under section 76 in the 

notification has not ended or the actions were taken 

before the end of the period specified in the notification; 

 

(ii)  the foreign persons who took the actions were specified 

in the notification. 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may make an order under section 69 (disposal 

10 

orders) in relation to the actions only if: 

11 

 

(a)  the person is convicted of an offence against section 87 in 

12 

relation to a condition included in the notification; or 

13 

 

(b)  an order is made under section 19B of the Crimes Act 1914 in 

14 

relation to the person in respect of such an offence; or 

15 

 

(c)  a civil penalty order is made against the person under the 

16 

Regulatory Powers Act in relation to a contravention of 

17 

section 93, 96 or 97 of this Act relating to a condition 

18 

included in the notification. 

19 

Note: 

The Treasurer may make an order under this Subdivision in relation 

20 

to: 

21 

(a)  a significant action that is not specified in the notification but is 

22 

covered by the same agreement that covered the actions 

23 

mentioned in subsection (1); or 

24 

(b)  a foreign person who is not specified in the notification but who 

25 

took significant actions covered by the same agreement that 

26 

covered the actions mentioned in subsection (1). 

27 

71  Variation and revocation of orders 

28 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may vary or revoke an order under this Subdivision 

29 

at any time if: 

30 

 

(a)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the variation or revocation is 

31 

not contrary to the national interest; and 

32 

 

(b)  for a variation: 

33 

 

(i)  the person consents to the variation; or 

34 

 

(ii)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the variation does not 

35 

disadvantage the person. 

36 

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(2)  Subsection 33(3) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 does not 

apply in relation to a power under this Subdivision to make an 

order. 

72  Publication and commencement of orders 

Publication of orders 

 

(1)  An order made by the Treasurer under this Subdivision must be: 

 

(a)  in writing; and 

 

(b)  published in the Gazette within 10 days after it is made. 

When an order commences 

 

(2)  An order under this Subdivision commences: 

10 

 

(a)  for an order under subsection 67(3) (additional orders) or 69 

11 

(disposal orders)--on the day specified in the order that is at 

12 

least 30 days after the order is published; and 

13 

 

(b)  for any other order--on the day the order is published. 

14 

73  Actions of more than one kind 

15 

 

  If a single action is covered by more than one of the following 

16 

(because an action is an action of more than one kind): 

17 

 

(a)  paragraph 40(2)(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e); 

18 

 

(b)  paragraph 41(2)(a), (b) or (c); 

19 

 

(c)  paragraph 43(a); 

20 

 

(d)  a provision of regulations made for the purposes of 

21 

section 44; 

22 

the Treasurer may make any of the orders under this Subdivision 

23 

that he or she could make in relation to the single action. 

24 

Subdivision B--Other powers of Treasurer 

25 

74  No objection notification imposing conditions 

26 

Application of this section 

27 

 

(1)  This section applies if: 

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(a)  the Treasurer is satisfied that a significant action is proposed 

to be taken (whether or not the Treasurer was given a notice 

relating to the action); or 

 

(b)  both of the following apply: 

 

(i)  the Treasurer is satisfied that a significant action has 

been taken; 

 

(ii)  the Treasurer was not given a notice relating to the 

action before the action was taken; or 

 

(c)  all of the following apply: 

 

(i)  the Treasurer is satisfied that a significant action has 

10 

been taken; 

11 

 

(ii)  the Treasurer was given a notice relating to the action 

12 

before the action was taken; 

13 

 

(iii)  the action was taken before the day mentioned in 

14 

section 82. 

15 

Note: 

See also sections 70 (limitation on making disposal orders), 76 

16 

(content of no objection notification) and 77 (time limit on making 

17 

orders and decisions) and Parts 5 (offences and civil penalties) and 6 

18 

(fees). 

19 

Imposition of conditions 

20 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may: 

21 

 

(a)  decide that the Commonwealth has no objection to the action 

22 

if one or more of the following conditions were imposed: 

23 

 

(i)  for paragraph (1)(a)--a condition that the Treasurer is 

24 

satisfied is necessary to ensure the action, if taken, will 

25 

not be contrary to the national interest; 

26 

 

(ii)  for paragraphs (1)(b) and (c)--a condition that the 

27 

Treasurer is satisfied is necessary to ensure that the 

28 

action is not contrary to the national interest; and 

29 

 

(b)  notify the person, in writing (the no objection notification), 

30 

of the conditions. 

31 

 

(3)  The no objection notification: 

32 

 

(a)  must be given before the end of 10 days after the decision is 

33 

made; and 

34 

 

(b)  if a notice relating to the action was given--may be given to 

35 

the person at an address (including an electronic address) 

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specified in that notice as the address for service of notices 

relating to the action. 

Variation and revocation of conditions 

 

(4)  The Treasurer may (subject to subsection (6)) vary a no objection 

notification given to a person by: 

 

(a)  revoking a condition; or 

 

(b)  imposing a new condition; or 

 

(c)  varying an existing condition; or 

 

(d)  varying the information specified under section 76; 

if the Treasurer is satisfied that the variation is not contrary to the 

10 

national interest. 

11 

 

(5)  The variation may be made on the Treasurer's own initiative. 

12 

Note: 

The variation may also be made on application by the person (see 

13 

subsection 76(6)). 

14 

 

(6)  The Treasurer may vary a no objection notification given to a 

15 

person by imposing a new condition or varying an existing 

16 

condition only if: 

17 

 

(a)  the person consents to the new condition or the variation; or 

18 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the new condition or variation 

19 

does not disadvantage the person. 

20 

Statements in notices 

21 

 

(7)  For the purposes of this section: 

22 

 

(a)  a notice relating to an action stating that a person has a right 

23 

(including a right under an option) to acquire interests in 

24 

securities, assets or Australian land is taken to be a statement 

25 

that the person proposes to acquire the interests in the 

26 

securities, assets or land; and 

27 

 

(b)  a notice relating to an action stating that a person proposes to 

28 

acquire a right (including a right under an option) to acquire 

29 

an interest in a security, asset or Australian land is taken to be 

30 

a statement that the person proposes to exercise that right. 

31 

Effect of notification on later actions 

32 

 

(8)  If: 

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(a)  a person gives a notice to the Treasurer relating to more than 

one significant action proposed to be taken in relation to an 

entity or business; and 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the actions would result in a 

change in control of the entity or business; and 

 

(c)  the Treasurer gives a no objection notification to the person 

under this section in relation to the actions; and 

 

(d)  not all of the actions are taken; and 

 

(e)  the person gives a later notice to the Treasurer relating to a 

later action that is proposed to be taken in relation to the 

10 

entity or business; 

11 

the giving of the no objection notification does not prevent the 

12 

Treasurer from determining that there has been or will be a change 

13 

in control of the entity or business as a result of the later action. 

14 

75  No objection notification not imposing conditions 

15 

 

(1)  This section applies if: 

16 

 

(a)  the Treasurer receives a notice that a person proposes to take 

17 

an action; and 

18 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the action is covered by: 

19 

 

(i)  subsections 40(2) and (3), and whichever of 

20 

subsection 40(4) or (5) applies (meaning of significant 

21 

action--entities); or 

22 

 

(ii)  subsections 41(2) and (3) and subsection 41(4) (if it 

23 

applies) (meaning of significant action--business); or 

24 

 

(iii)  section 43 (meaning of significant action--land); or 

25 

 

(iv)  regulations made for the purposes of section 44 

26 

(meaning of significant action--actions prescribed by 

27 

the regulations), disregarding any conditions prescribed 

28 

by the regulations in relation to a change in control. 

29 

Note 1: 

See also sections 76 (content of no objection notification) and 77 (time 

30 

limit on making orders and decisions) and Parts 5 (offences and civil 

31 

penalties) and 6 (fees). 

32 

Note 2: 

This section disregards whether there has been a change in control. 

33 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may: 

34 

 

(a)  decide that the Commonwealth has no objection to the action; 

35 

and 

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(b)  notify the person, in writing (the no objection notification), 

of the decision. 

 

(3)  The no objection notification: 

 

(a)  must be given before the end of 10 days after the decision is 

made; and 

 

(b)  may be given to the person at an address (including an 

electronic address) specified in the notice relating to the 

action as the address for service of notices relating to the 

action. 

Statements in notices 

10 

 

(4)  For the purposes of this section: 

11 

 

(a)  a notice relating to an action stating that a person has a right 

12 

(including a right under an option) to acquire interests in 

13 

securities, assets or Australian land is taken to be a statement 

14 

that the person proposes to acquire the interests in the 

15 

securities, assets or land; and 

16 

 

(b)  a notice relating to an action stating that a person proposes to 

17 

acquire a right (including a right under an option) to acquire 

18 

an interest in a security, asset or Australian land is taken to be 

19 

a statement that the person proposes to exercise that right. 

20 

Effect of notifications on later actions 

21 

 

(5)  A notification given under this section in relation to an action taken 

22 

relating to an entity or business does not prevent the Treasurer 

23 

from determining later whether there has been a change in control 

24 

of the entity or business. 

25 

76  Content of notification 

26 

 

(1)  A no objection notification given to a person under section 74 or 

27 

75 must specify the following: 

28 

 

(a)  the one or more actions to which the notification relates; 

29 

 

(b)  the one or more foreign persons to which the notification 

30 

relates; 

31 

 

(c)  a requirement that the actions to which the notification 

32 

relates, if taken, must be taken before the end of a specified 

33 

period after the day the notification is given. 

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(2)  The no objection notification may specify a foreign person by 

specifying: 

 

(a)  a foreign person that: 

 

(i)  is not yet incorporated; or 

 

(ii)  is a trustee of a trust that is not yet established; and 

 

(b)  the way in which the foreign person is to be incorporated or 

the trust is to be established. 

 

(3)  A foreign person is taken not to be specified in a no objection 

notification if: 

 

(a)  the notification specified the foreign person under 

10 

subsection (2) before the foreign person was incorporated or 

11 

the trust was established; and 

12 

 

(b)  the foreign person is not incorporated or the trust is not 

13 

established in the way specified in the notification. 

14 

Note: 

The protection under section 70 from disposal orders applies to a 

15 

foreign person only if the foreign person is specified in a no objection 

16 

notification. 

17 

 

(4)  The period mentioned in paragraph (1)(c) is: 

18 

 

(a)  the period prescribed by the regulations; or 

19 

 

(b)  if the Treasurer is satisfied that a longer period is not contrary 

20 

to the national interest--that longer period. 

21 

 

(5)  A single notification may include a no objection notification under 

22 

each of sections 74 and 75 in relation to different actions. 

23 

Variation of no objection notification 

24 

 

(6)  A person given a no objection notification may apply to the 

25 

Treasurer for a variation of the notification (including after the 

26 

action specified in the notification is taken). 

27 

Note: 

See also Part 6 (fees) and section 135 (manner of application). 

28 

 

(7)  An application for an extension of a period specified in a no 

29 

objection notification must be made 2 months before the end of the 

30 

period. 

31 

 

(8)  The Treasurer may vary a no objection notification if the Treasurer 

32 

is satisfied that the variation is not contrary to the national interest. 

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Division 3--Provisions relating to powers of Treasurer 

77  Time limit on making orders and decisions 

Application of this section 

 

(1)  This section applies if the Treasurer receives a notice from a 

person stating that a significant action (including a significant 

action that is a notifiable action) is proposed to be taken. 

Note 1: 

If a fee is payable by a person under section 113, the notice is taken 

not to have been given until the fee has been paid, waived or remitted 

(see section 114). 

Note 2: 

For withdrawal of notices, see section 136. 

10 

Time limit on making orders or decisions 

11 

 

(2)  The Treasurer must not make an order or decision under Division 2 

12 

relating to the action if: 

13 

 

(a)  the decision period ends; and 

14 

 

(b)  the person has not taken the action by the end of the decision 

15 

period; and 

16 

 

(c)  either: 

17 

 

(i)  the Treasurer has not made such an order or decision 

18 

relating to the action by the end of the decision period; 

19 

or 

20 

 

(ii)  if the Treasurer has made such an order or decision by 

21 

the end of the decision period--the Treasurer has not 

22 

published the order in the Gazette in accordance with 

23 

section 72 or given a notification in accordance with 

24 

subsection 74(3) or 75(3). 

25 

Note: 

For the definition of decision period, see subsection (5) of this 

26 

section. 

27 

Time limit on making orders or decisions after interim orders made 

28 

 

(3)  If the Treasurer makes an interim order relating to the significant 

29 

action, the Treasurer must not make an order under section 67 or 

30 

69 or a decision under section 74 or 75 relating to the action if: 

31 

 

(a)  the Treasurer makes the interim order before the end of the 

32 

decision period; and 

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(b)  the interim order is published in the Gazette in accordance 

with section 72; and 

 

(c)  the period specified in the interim order ends; and 

 

(d)  by the end of that period, the Treasurer has not: 

 

(i)  made an order under section 67 or 69 relating to the 

action and published the order in the Gazette in 

accordance with section 72; or 

 

(ii)  made a decision and given a no objection notification 

relating to the action in accordance with section 74 or 

75; and 

10 

 

(e)  the person has not taken the action by the end of that period. 

11 

Notice given under section 133 

12 

 

(4)  If a notice is given to a person under section 133 requiring a person 

13 

to give information or produce a document, a decision period, or a 

14 

period specified in an interim order, does not include any day in 

15 

the period: 

16 

 

(a)  beginning on the day the notice is given; and 

17 

 

(b)  ending on the day the person gives the information or 

18 

produces the document in accordance with the notice. 

19 

Meaning of decision period 

20 

 

(5)  A decision period is: 

21 

 

(a)  the period of 30 days after the day the Treasurer receives a 

22 

notice from a person stating that a significant action 

23 

(including a significant action that is a notifiable action) is 

24 

proposed to be taken; or 

25 

 

(b)  if, before the end of a decision period (including a decision 

26 

period as extended under this paragraph), the person requests 

27 

in writing the Treasurer to extend the period--the period as 

28 

so extended. 

29 

78  Anti-avoidance 

30 

 

(1)  This section applies if: 

31 

 

(a)  one or more persons enter into, begin to carry out or carry out 

32 

a scheme; and 

33 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that any of the persons who entered 

34 

into, began to carry out or carried out all or any part of the 

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scheme did so for the sole or dominant purpose of avoiding 

the application of any provision of this Act in relation to one 

or more persons (whether those persons are the same as the 

persons mentioned in paragraph (a)); and 

 

(c)  all or part of the scheme has achieved, or (apart from this 

section) would achieve, that purpose. 

Note: 

For the definition of scheme, see section 4. 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may (subject to subsection (3)) make any order or 

decision under Division 2 that the Treasurer would have been able 

to make if all or part of the scheme had not achieved that purpose. 

10 

 

(3)  The Treasurer must not make an order prohibiting a person from 

11 

doing anything that has already been done by the person before the 

12 

order is made. 

13 

79  Persons involved in avoidance taken to be associates 

14 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may make an order under subsection (2) if: 

15 

 

(a)  the Treasurer makes an order under section 78 

16 

(anti-avoidance) in relation to more than one person; and 

17 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that not making an order under 

18 

subsection (2) is contrary to the national interest. 

19 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may make an order specifying that some or all of the 

20 

persons to which the order under section 78 relates are taken to be 

21 

associates of each other for the purposes of this Act or for specified 

22 

purposes. 

23 

 

(3)  An order under subsection (2) must specify the period during 

24 

which the order is in force. 

25 

Effect of order 

26 

 

(4)  An order under subsection (2) has effect according to its terms. 

27 

Order not a legislative instrument 

28 

 

(5)  An order under subsection (2) is not a legislative instrument. 

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Part 4--Notice of notifiable actions and significant 

actions 

   

80  Simplified outline of this Part 

A foreign person who proposes to take a notifiable action must 

give a notice to the Treasurer before taking the action. 

If such a notice is given by a foreign person, or if a foreign person 

chooses to give a notice of a significant action despite not being 

required to do so, the foreign person must not take the action for a 

certain period unless the foreign person is given a no objection 

10 

notification. Generally, the period is 40 days from receiving the 

11 

notice, or up to 90 days from the publication of an interim order. 

12 

The person may be prevented from taking the action by an order 

13 

under Part 3. 

14 

Unlike for other parts of this Act, if an action is taken by entering 

15 

an agreement, the action is taken for the purposes of this Part only 

16 

when the provisions in the agreement become binding on the 

17 

person (see subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

18 

A foreign person who fails to comply with this Part may commit an 

19 

offence or be liable to a civil penalty. 

20 

Under section 113, a fee is payable in relation to notices given 

21 

under section 81 and notices that a foreign person chooses to give. 

22 

81  Compulsory notice of notifiable actions 

23 

 

(1)  A foreign person who proposes to take a notifiable action must 

24 

give a notice to the Treasurer before taking the action. 

25 

 

(2)  If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the notice 

26 

must deal with each notifiable action covered by the agreement. 

27 

Note: 

See also subsections 15(4) and (5) (provisions of agreements that are 

28 

not currently binding), Parts 5 (offences and civil penalties) and 6 

29 

(fees) and section 135 (manner of notification and application). 

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82  Limitation on taking significant actions after notice given 

 

(1)  This section applies in relation to a foreign person who gives a 

notice to the Treasurer stating that a significant action (including a 

significant action that is a notifiable action) is proposed to be 

taken. 

Note: 

A notice might be given under section 81 or because a foreign person 

chooses to give a notice despite not being required to do so. 

 

(2)  The foreign person must not take the action before the earliest of 

the following: 

 

(a)  the day that is 10 days after the end of the decision period 

10 

mentioned in section 77; 

11 

 

(b)  if an interim order is made--the end of the period specified 

12 

in the order; 

13 

 

(c)  the day a no objection notification is given to the person. 

14 

Note 1: 

See also Part 5 (offences and civil penalties). 

15 

Note 2: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

16 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

17 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

18 

Part 5--Offences and civil penalties 

19 

Division 1--Simplified outline of this Part 

20 

83  Simplified outline of this Part 

21 

A person may commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty 

22 

provision if the person: 

23 

 

(a) 

fails to give a notice under section 81 before taking a 

24 

notifiable action; or 

25 

 

(b) 

takes a significant action before the end of the period in 

26 

section 82; or 

27 

 

(c) 

contravenes an order under Part 3; or 

28 

 

(d) 

contravenes a condition in a no objection notification or 

29 

an exemption certificate. 

30 

There are additional civil penalties in relation to residential land. 

31 

Some of these penalties may be calculated by reference to the 

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market value of, or consideration for, the acquisition of the interest 

in the residential land or the capital gain from disposing of the 

interest. 

Part 2.4 of the Criminal Code, which among other things extends 

criminal responsibility to those who attempt to commit an offence 

or incite another person to commit an offence, applies to offences 

against this Act. A similar provision for civil penalty provisions is 

found in section 92 of the Regulatory Powers Act, and applies to 

civil penalty provisions in this Act. 

Generally, the penalty for bodies corporate is 5 times the amount 

10 

for individuals (see section 4B of the Crimes Act 1914 and 

11 

subsection 82(5) of the Regulatory Powers Act). 

12 

An officer of a corporation who authorises or permits the 

13 

corporation to commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty 

14 

provision may also commit an offence or contravene a civil penalty 

15 

provision. Similarly, an officer of a corporation may contravene a 

16 

civil penalty provision by failing to prevent a contravention of the 

17 

civil penalty provision by the corporation. 

18 

Civil penalty orders may be sought and infringement notices issued 

19 

under the Regulatory Powers Act. 

20 

A charge on Australian land may apply for unpaid penalties under 

21 

this Act. 

22 

Division 2--Offences 

23 

84  Failing to give notice 

24 

 

  A person commits an offence if: 

25 

 

(a)  the person is a foreign person; and 

26 

 

(b)  the person takes an action; and 

27 

 

(c)  the action is a notifiable action; and 

28 

 

(d)  a notice is not given under section 81 in relation to the action 

29 

before the action is taken. 

30 

Note: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

31 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

32 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

33 

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Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

85  Taking significant action before end of period 

 

  A person commits an offence if: 

 

(a)  the person is a foreign person; and 

 

(b)  the person gives a notice to the Treasurer stating that a 

significant action (including a significant action that is a 

notifiable action) is proposed to be taken; and 

 

(c)  the person takes the action; and 

 

(d)  the action is taken before the day mentioned in section 82; 

and 

10 

 

(e)  if a change in control is required for the action to be a 

11 

significant action--there is a change in control as a result of 

12 

the action. 

13 

Note 1: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

14 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

15 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

16 

Note 2: 

A notice might be given under section 81 or because a foreign person 

17 

chooses to give a notice despite not being required to do so. 

18 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

19 

86  Contravening orders under Part 3 

20 

 

  A person commits an offence if: 

21 

 

(a)  a person engages in conduct; and 

22 

 

(b)  the conduct contravenes an order made under Part 3. 

23 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

24 

87  Contravening conditions 

25 

 

  A person commits an offence if: 

26 

 

(a)  either: 

27 

 

(i)  the person is given a no objection notification under 

28 

section 74 (no objection notification imposing 

29 

conditions) relating to a significant action; or 

30 

 

(ii)  the person is specified in an exemption certificate; and 

31 

 

(b)  the notification or certificate includes a condition; and 

32 

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(c)  the person engages in conduct; and 

 

(d)  the conduct contravenes the condition. 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

88  Failing to advertise new dwellings 

 

(1)  A person (the developer) commits an offence if: 

 

(a)  the developer is specified in an exemption certificate given 

under section 57 in relation to an interest in Australian land 

on which a new dwelling will be, is being or has been built; 

and 

 

(b)  the developer disposes of an interest in the dwelling to a 

10 

foreign person; and 

11 

 

(c)  the certificate includes a condition requiring the sale of the 

12 

dwelling to be advertised (however described) in Australia; 

13 

and 

14 

 

(d)  at the time the foreign person acquires the interest, the 

15 

dwelling has not been advertised in accordance with the 

16 

condition. 

17 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

18 

 

(2)  Paragraph (1)(c) does not limit where the sale of a new dwelling 

19 

may otherwise be advertised. 

20 

Division 3--Civil penalties 

21 

Subdivision A--Civil penalties relating to significant actions 

22 

generally 

23 

89  Contravening orders under Part 3 

24 

 

  A person must not contravene an order made under Part 3. 

25 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

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Subdivision B--Civil penalties relating to actions (except in 

relation to residential land) 

90  This Subdivision does not apply to actions relating to interests in 

residential land 

 

  This Subdivision does not apply in relation to a significant action 

or notifiable action relating to an interest in residential land. 

91  Failing to give notice 

 

  A foreign person who proposes to take a notifiable action must 

give a notice under section 81 before taking the action. 

Note: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

10 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

11 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

12 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

13 

92  Taking significant action before end of period 

14 

 

  A foreign person who proposes to take a significant action must 

15 

not take the action before the day mentioned in section 82 if: 

16 

 

(a)  the person gives a notice to the Treasurer stating that the 

17 

action is proposed to be taken; and 

18 

 

(b)  if a change in control is required for the action to be a 

19 

significant action--the action would result in a change in 

20 

control. 

21 

Note 1: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

22 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

23 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

24 

Note 2: 

A notice might be given under section 81 or because a foreign person 

25 

chooses to give a notice despite not being required to do so. 

26 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

27 

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93  Contravening conditions 

Conditions in no objection notifications 

 

(1)  A person who is given a no objection notification under section 74 

(no objection notification imposing conditions) must not 

contravene a condition specified in the notification. 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

Conditions in exemption certificates 

 

(2)  A person who is specified in an exemption certificate must not 

contravene a condition specified in the certificate. 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

10 

Subdivision C--Civil penalties relating to residential land 

11 

94  Acquisition of interests in residential land 

12 

 

(1)  A foreign person who proposes to take a notifiable action that is a 

13 

residential land acquisition must not take the action if the foreign 

14 

person has not given a notice relating to the action under 

15 

section 81. 

16 

Note: 

If a person takes an action by entering an agreement, the action is not 

17 

taken until the agreement is binding on the person (see 

18 

subsections 15(4) and (5)). 

19 

 

(2)  A foreign person who gives a notice to the Treasurer, stating that a 

20 

notifiable action that is a residential land acquisition is proposed to 

21 

be taken, must not take the action before the day mentioned in 

22 

section 82. 

23 

 

(3)  A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) is liable to a civil 

24 

penalty. 

25 

Penalty 

26 

 

(4)  The maximum penalty for the contravention is the greater of the 

27 

following: 

28 

 

(a)  10% of the consideration for the residential land acquisition; 

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(b)  10% of the market value of the interest in the relevant 

residential land. 

Note: 

Consideration is defined by the regulations (see section 4). 

95  Acquisition of interests in established dwellings 

Temporary residents 

 

(1)  A foreign person who is a temporary resident must not hold an 

interest in more than one established dwelling at the same time. 

Temporary residents--exceptions 

 

(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply if: 

 

(a)  the person is making a genuine attempt to dispose of one or 

10 

more of the interests; and 

11 

 

(b)  if those interests were disposed of, the person would not 

12 

contravene subsection (1); and 

13 

 

(c)  the person has been holding an interest in more than one 

14 

established dwelling for less than 6 months. 

15 

 

(3)  Subsection (1) does not apply in relation to an interest in an 

16 

established dwelling if, at the time the interest was acquired by the 

17 

person: 

18 

 

(a)  the dwelling was a new dwelling; or 

19 

 

(b)  the person was not prohibited from holding the interest in 

20 

that dwelling at the same time as holding an interest in 

21 

another established dwelling. 

22 

Note: 

There is another exception in subsection (5). 

23 

Other foreign persons 

24 

 

(4)  A foreign person who is not a temporary resident must not acquire 

25 

an interest in an established dwelling. 

26 

General exceptions 

27 

 

(5)  Subsections (1), (4) and (8) do not apply in relation to an interest if 

28 

the interest was, or was of a kind, specified in an exemption 

29 

certificate or a no objection notification. 

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Civil penalties 

 

(6)  A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (4) is liable to a civil 

penalty. 

 

(7)  The maximum penalty for a contravention of subsection (1) or (4) 

is the greatest of the following: 

 

(a)  the amount of the capital gain that was made or would be 

made on the disposal of the interest mentioned in 

subsection (8); 

 

(b)  25% of the consideration for the acquisition of that interest; 

 

(c)  25% of the market value of that interest. 

10 

Note: 

For how to work out the capital gain, see section 98. 

11 

 

(8)  The interest is: 

12 

 

(a)  if at the time of determining the maximum penalty the 

13 

foreign person still holds an interest in more than one 

14 

established dwelling--the interest relating to the established 

15 

dwelling or dwellings that were most recently acquired by the 

16 

person; and 

17 

 

(b)  otherwise--the interest relating to the established dwelling or 

18 

dwellings that were most recently disposed of by the person. 

19 

96  Contravening conditions in relation to residential land 

20 

Conditions in no objection notifications 

21 

 

(1)  A person who is given a no objection notification under section 74 

22 

(no objection notification imposing conditions) relating to a 

23 

residential land acquisition must not contravene a condition (except 

24 

a condition mentioned in section 97) specified in the notification. 

25 

Note: 

Examples of conditions that may be included in a no objection 

26 

notification under section 74 are: 

27 

(a)  a condition requiring a temporary resident to sell an established 

28 

dwelling when the dwelling ceases to be the temporary resident's 

29 

principal place of residence; and 

30 

(b)  a condition prohibiting a temporary resident from leasing an 

31 

established dwelling; and 

32 

(c)  a condition requiring a purchaser of vacant land to begin to build 

33 

a dwelling before a particular time. 

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Conditions in exemption certificates 

 

(2)  A person who is specified in an exemption certificate relating to an 

interest in residential land must not contravene a condition (other 

than a condition mentioned in section 97) specified in the 

certificate. 

Civil penalty provisions 

 

(3)  A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) is liable to a civil 

penalty. 

 

(4)  The maximum penalty for the contravention is the greatest of the 

following: 

10 

 

(a)  the amount of the capital gain that was made or would be 

11 

made on the disposal of the interest in the relevant residential 

12 

land; 

13 

 

(b)  25% of the consideration for the acquisition of that interest; 

14 

 

(c)  25% of the market value of that interest. 

15 

Note: 

For how to work out the capital gain, see section 98. 

16 

97  Persons contravening conditions 

17 

Conditions in no objection notifications 

18 

 

(1)  A person who is given a no objection notification under section 74 

19 

(no objection notification imposing conditions) relating to a 

20 

residential land acquisition must not contravene a condition 

21 

specified in the notification requiring: 

22 

 

(a)  the person to give a notice to the Treasurer when the person 

23 

acquires or disposes of the interest in the relevant residential 

24 

land; or 

25 

 

(b)  the sale of a dwelling on the relevant residential land to be 

26 

advertised (however described) in Australia. 

27 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

28 

Conditions in exemption certificates 

29 

 

(2)  A person who is specified in an exemption certificate relating to 

30 

residential land must not contravene a condition specified in the 

31 

certificate requiring: 

32 

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(a)  the person to give a notice to the Treasurer when the person 

acquires or disposes of the interest in the residential land; or 

 

(b)  the sale of a dwelling on the residential land to be advertised 

(however described) in Australia. 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

98  Working out capital gains 

 

  For the purposes of this Subdivision, the amount of the capital gain 

that was made or would be made on the disposal by a person (the 

offender) of an interest to another person (the third party) is the 

higher of the following amounts: 

10 

 

(a)  if an agreement has been entered into in relation to disposing 

11 

of the interest to the third party--the difference between: 

12 

 

(i)  the consideration for acquisition by the third party; and 

13 

 

(ii)  the amount for which the offender purchased the 

14 

interest; 

15 

 

(b)  in any case--the difference between: 

16 

 

(i)  the market value of the interest; and 

17 

 

(ii)  the amount for which the offender purchased the 

18 

interest. 

19 

Division 4--Miscellaneous 

20 

Subdivision A--Application of the Regulatory Powers Act 

21 

99  Civil penalty provisions 

22 

Enforceable civil penalty provisions 

23 

 

(1)  Each civil penalty provision of this Act is enforceable under Part 4 

24 

of the Regulatory Powers Act. 

25 

Note: 

Part 4 of the Regulatory Powers Act allows a civil penalty provision to 

26 

be enforced by obtaining an order for a person to pay a pecuniary 

27 

penalty for the contravention of the provision. 

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Authorised applicant 

 

(2)  For the purposes of Part 4 of the Regulatory Powers Act, the 

Treasurer is an authorised applicant in relation to the civil penalty 

provisions of this Act. 

Relevant court 

 

(3)  For the purposes of Part 4 of the Regulatory Powers Act, each of 

the following courts is a relevant court in relation to the civil 

penalty provisions of this Act: 

 

(a)  the Federal Court of Australia; 

 

(b)  the Federal Circuit Court of Australia; 

10 

 

(c)  a Supreme Court of a State or Territory. 

11 

Maximum penalties 

12 

 

(4)  Subsection 82(5) of the Regulatory Powers Act does not apply in 

13 

relation to the following civil penalty provisions: 

14 

 

(a)  section 94 (acquisition of interests in residential land); 

15 

 

(b)  section 95 (acquisitions of established dwellings); 

16 

 

(c)  section 96 (contravening conditions relating to residential 

17 

land); 

18 

 

(d)  subsection 102(2) (liability of officers of corporations 

19 

authorising or permitting contraventions); 

20 

 

(e)  section 103 (civil penalties for officers of corporations failing 

21 

to prevent contraventions). 

22 

Note: 

Subsections 94(4), 95(7), 96(4), 102(3) and 103(5) of this Act set the 

23 

maximum penalties instead of subsection 82(5) of the Regulatory 

24 

Powers Act. 

25 

Extension to external Territories 

26 

 

(5)  Part 4 of the Regulatory Powers Act, as it applies in relation to the 

27 

civil penalty provisions of this Act, extends to every external 

28 

Territory. 

29 

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100  Infringement notices 

Provisions subject to an infringement notice 

 

(1)  The provisions of Subdivision C of Division 3 (civil penalties 

relating to residential land) are subject to an infringement notice 

under Part 5 of the Regulatory Powers Act. 

Note: 

Part 5 of the Regulatory Powers Act creates a framework for using 

infringement notices in relation to provisions. 

Infringement officer 

 

(2)  For the purposes of Part 5 of the Regulatory Powers Act, a person 

appointed under subsection (3) is an infringement officer in 

10 

relation to the provisions mentioned in subsection (1). 

11 

 

(3)  The Secretary may, in writing, appoint a person who holds, or 

12 

performs the duties of, an APS 6 position, or an equivalent or 

13 

higher position, within the Department or the Australian Taxation 

14 

Office. 

15 

Relevant chief executive 

16 

 

(4)  For the purposes of Part 5 of the Regulatory Powers Act, the 

17 

Secretary is the relevant chief executive in relation to the 

18 

provisions mentioned in subsection (1). 

19 

 

(5)  Subparagraphs 104(1)(e)(ii) and (iii), and subsection 104(2), of the 

20 

Regulatory Powers Act do not apply in relation to an infringement 

21 

notice given in relation to an alleged contravention of: 

22 

 

(a)  for subparagraphs 104(1)(e)(ii) and (iii) of the Regulatory 

23 

Powers Act--the following provisions of this Act: 

24 

 

(i)  section 94 (acquisition of interests in residential land); 

25 

 

(ii)  section 95 (acquisitions of interests in established 

26 

dwellings); 

27 

 

(iii)  section 96 (contravening conditions in relation to 

28 

residential land); and 

29 

 

(b)  for subsection 104(2) of the Regulatory Powers Act--the 

30 

following provisions of this Act: 

31 

 

(i)  section 94 (acquisition of interests in residential land); 

32 

 

(ii)  section 95 (acquisitions of interests in established 

33 

dwellings); 

34 

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(iii)  section 96 (contravening conditions in relation to 

residential land); 

 

(iv)  section 97 (persons contravening conditions). 

 

(6)  The amount to be stated in an infringement notice for the purposes 

of paragraph 104(1)(f) of the Regulatory Powers Act for the 

alleged contravention of a civil penalty provision mentioned in 

subsection (1) of this section is: 

 

(a)  for a tier 1 infringement notice (see subsection 101(1)): 

 

(i)  given to an individual--12 penalty units; and 

 

(ii)  given to a corporation--60 penalty units; and 

10 

 

(b)  for a tier 2 infringement notice (see subsection 101(2)): 

11 

 

(i)  given to an individual--60 penalty units; and 

12 

 

(ii)  given to a corporation--300 penalty units. 

13 

Extension to external Territories 

14 

 

(7)  Part 5 of the Regulatory Powers Act, as it applies in relation to the 

15 

provisions mentioned in subsection (1), extends to every external 

16 

Territory. 

17 

101  Meanings of tier 1 infringement notice and tier 2 infringement 

18 

notice 

19 

 

(1)  An infringement notice is a tier 1 infringement notice if: 

20 

 

(a)  the notice relates to an alleged contravention by a person of a 

21 

civil penalty provision of this Act; and 

22 

 

(b)  the person notified the Commonwealth of conduct that was 

23 

the same, or substantially the same, as the conduct 

24 

constituting the alleged contravention; and 

25 

 

(c)  the person notified the Commonwealth before an 

26 

infringement notice was issued in relation to the conduct 

27 

constituting the alleged contravention. 

28 

 

(2)  An infringement notice is a tier 2 infringement notice if: 

29 

 

(a)  the notice relates to an alleged contravention by a person of a 

30 

civil penalty provision of this Act; and 

31 

 

(b)  subsection (1) does not apply in relation to the person and the 

32 

conduct constituting the alleged contravention. 

33 

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Subdivision B--Liability of officers of corporations 

102  Liability of officers of corporations authorising or permitting 

contraventions 

Offences authorised or permitted by officers 

 

(1)  A person commits an offence if: 

 

(a)  the person is an officer of a corporation; and 

 

(b)  the corporation is convicted of an offence against this Act; 

and 

 

(c)  the person authorised or permitted the commission of the 

offence by the corporation. 

10 

Note: 

An officer may also be liable to an offence as a result of Part 2.4 of the 

11 

Criminal Code (extensions of criminal responsibility). 

12 

Contraventions of civil penalty provisions authorised or permitted 

13 

by officers 

14 

 

(2)  An officer of a corporation is liable to a civil penalty if: 

15 

 

(a)  a civil penalty order under the Regulatory Powers Act is 

16 

made against the corporation in relation to a contravention of 

17 

a civil penalty provision of this Act; and 

18 

 

(b)  the officer authorised or permitted the contravention of the 

19 

civil penalty provision by the corporation. 

20 

Note: 

An officer may also be liable to a civil penalty as a result of section 92 

21 

of the Regulatory Powers Act (ancillary contravention of civil penalty 

22 

provisions). 

23 

Maximum penalty 

24 

 

(3)  The maximum penalty for a contravention of subsection (1) or (2) 

25 

is the maximum penalty that would apply if the officer had 

26 

committed the offence mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) or 

27 

contravened the civil penalty provision mentioned in 

28 

paragraph (2)(a). 

29 

103  Civil penalties for officers of corporations failing to prevent 

30 

contraventions 

31 

 

(1)  An officer of a corporation is liable to a civil penalty if: 

32 

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(a)  the corporation contravenes a civil penalty provision of this 

Act; and 

 

(b)  the officer knew that, or was reckless or negligent as to 

whether, the contravention would occur; and 

 

(c)  the officer was in a position to influence the conduct of the 

corporation in relation to the contravention; and 

 

(d)  the officer failed to take all reasonable steps to prevent the 

contravention. 

 

(2)  The officer was reckless as to whether the contravention would 

occur if: 

10 

 

(a)  the officer was aware of a substantial risk that the 

11 

contravention would occur; and 

12 

 

(b)  having regard to the circumstances known to the officer, it 

13 

was unjustifiable to take the risk. 

14 

 

(3)  The officer was negligent as to whether the contravention would 

15 

occur if the officer's conduct involved: 

16 

 

(a)  such a great falling short of the standard of care that a 

17 

reasonable person would exercise in the circumstances; and 

18 

 

(b)  such a high risk that the contravention would occur; 

19 

that the conduct merits the imposition of a pecuniary penalty. 

20 

Reasonable steps to prevent contravention 

21 

 

(4)  Without limiting this section, in determining whether an officer of 

22 

a corporation failed to take all reasonable steps to prevent a 

23 

contravention, a court may have regard to all relevant matters, 

24 

including: 

25 

 

(a)  what action (if any) the officer took directed towards 

26 

ensuring the following (to the extent that the action is 

27 

relevant to the contravention): 

28 

 

(i)  that the corporation arranges regular professional 

29 

assessments of the corporation's compliance with civil 

30 

penalty provisions; 

31 

 

(ii)  that the corporation implements any appropriate 

32 

recommendations arising from such an assessment; 

33 

 

(iii)  that the corporation's employees, agents and contractors 

34 

have a reasonable knowledge and understanding of the 

35 

requirements to comply with civil penalty provisions in 

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so far as those requirements affect the employees, 

agents or contractors concerned; and 

 

(b)  what action (if any) the officer took when he or she became 

aware of the contravention. 

Maximum penalty 

 

(5)  The maximum penalty for the contravention of subsection (1) is the 

maximum penalty that would apply if the officer had contravened 

the civil penalty provision mentioned in paragraph (1)(a). 

Subdivision C--Recovering unpaid penalties 

104  Creation of charge on land 

10 

 

(1)  This section applies in relation to land if: 

11 

 

(a)  a court finds that a person has contravened Division 3 of this 

12 

Part (civil penalties); and 

13 

 

(b)  a pecuniary penalty is imposed on the person in relation to 

14 

the contravention; and 

15 

 

(c)  the person has an interest in Australian land covered by 

16 

subsection (2) that can be registered on a land register; and 

17 

 

(d)  either: 

18 

 

(i)  the contravention relates to the acquisition of the 

19 

interest in the land; or 

20 

 

(ii)  the Treasurer makes a declaration under section 105 that 

21 

this section applies in relation to the land. 

22 

Note: 

Subsection (5) contains an exception to this section (proceeds of crime 

23 

orders). 

24 

Kinds of interests covered by this subsection 

25 

 

(2)  The interest in Australian land is either: 

26 

 

(a)  an interest under a long term lease; or 

27 

 

(b)  any other legal or equitable interest (within the ordinary 

28 

meaning of the term) in Australian land, except: 

29 

 

(i)  an interest under a lease (except a long term lease); or 

30 

 

(ii)  an interest under a licence; or 

31 

 

(iii)  an interest in a mining or production tenement; or 

32 

 

(iv)  an interest in an easement; or 

33 

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(v)  an interest giving a right (known as a profit à prendre) 

to take something off another person's land, or to take 

something out of the soil of that land; or 

 

(vi)  an interest held on trust for another person; or 

 

(vii)  an interest of a kind prescribed by the regulations. 

Creation of charge 

 

(3)  A charge is created on land to which this section applies to secure 

the payment of the penalty. 

 

(4)  The charge is created at the time: 

 

(a)  if subparagraph (1)(d)(i) applies--the penalty is imposed; or 

10 

 

(b)  if subparagraph (1)(d)(ii) applies--the declaration comes into 

11 

force. 

12 

Exception in relation to proceeds of crime orders 

13 

 

(5)  This section does not apply if at the time mentioned in 

14 

subsection (4): 

15 

 

(a)  a restraining order is in force in relation to the land under 

16 

Part 2-1 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002; or 

17 

 

(b)  a forfeiture order is in force in relation to the land under 

18 

Part 2-2 of that Act; or 

19 

 

(c)  an order (however described) of a kind prescribed by the 

20 

regulations is in force in relation to the land under a law of 

21 

the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory. 

22 

105  Treasurer's declaration relating to charge 

23 

Contravention that does not relate to acquisitions of interests in 

24 

land 

25 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may declare, in writing, that section 104 applies in 

26 

relation to Australian land in which a person has an interest if: 

27 

 

(a)  paragraphs 104(1)(a) to (c) apply to the person; and 

28 

 

(b)  the contravention mentioned in paragraph 104(1)(a) does not 

29 

relate to the acquisition of the interest in the land; and 

30 

 

(c)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the declaration is necessary to 

31 

secure the payment of the penalty mentioned in 

32 

paragraph 104(1)(b). 

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Treasurer's declaration--extending land to which charge applies 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may declare, in writing, that section 104 applies in 

relation to Australian land (the additional land) in which a person 

has an interest if: 

 

(a)  a charge is created under section 104 on other Australian land 

in which the person has an interest; and 

 

(b)  subparagraph 104(1)(d)(i) applies in relation to the charge; 

and 

 

(c)  the Treasurer is satisfied that the declaration in relation to the 

additional land is necessary to secure the payment of the 

10 

penalty mentioned in paragraph 104(1)(b). 

11 

Content of declaration--generally 

12 

 

(3)  A declaration under subsection (1) or (2) must specify: 

13 

 

(a)  the period during which the declaration is in force; and 

14 

 

(b)  the land to which section 104 applies. 

15 

Note: 

For a person who has more than one interest in Australian land, see 

16 

subsection (4). 

17 

Content of declaration under subsection (1) 

18 

 

(4)  For a declaration under subsection (1), if the person has more than 

19 

one interest in Australian land, the declaration must specify the 

20 

land to which section 104 applies. The Treasurer may specify more 

21 

than one area of Australian land only if the Treasurer is satisfied 

22 

that specifying each of those areas is necessary to secure the 

23 

payment of the penalty. 

24 

Declarations not legislative instruments 

25 

 

(5)  A declaration under subsection (1) or (2) is not a legislative 

26 

instrument. 

27 

106  Effect of charge on land 

28 

 

(1)  A charge created on land under section 104 has priority over any 

29 

other interest in the land (even if the interest has been registered on 

30 

a land register). 

31 

 

(2)  The charge remains in force until: 

32 

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(a)  all of the following amounts are paid: 

 

(i)  the penalty mentioned in subsection 104(1); 

 

(ii)  any costs of the Commonwealth that the person 

mentioned in that subsection is ordered to pay by a 

court; 

 

(iii)  any costs incurred by the Commonwealth in relation to 

recovering the penalty mentioned in that subsection; or 

 

(b)  the interest in the land is disposed of under section 109. 

 

(3)  To avoid doubt, the charge on the land is not affected by any 

change in ownership of the land. 

10 

Powers of Treasurer 

11 

 

(4)  The Treasurer has power, on behalf of the Commonwealth, to do, 

12 

or authorise the doing of, anything necessary or convenient to 

13 

obtain the registration of the charge on a land register. 

14 

 

(5)  The Treasurer's powers under subsection (4) include: 

15 

 

(a)  executing any instrument required to be executed; or 

16 

 

(b)  signing any certificate that: 

17 

 

(i)  states that a charge is created on land under section 104; 

18 

and 

19 

 

(ii)  specifies the land on which the charge is created. 

20 

107  Vesting of interest in land 

21 

 

(1)  This section applies in relation to a person's interest in Australian 

22 

land if: 

23 

 

(a)  a charge is created on the land under section 104; and 

24 

 

(b)  the following period ends: 

25 

 

(i)  3 months since the finding mentioned in 

26 

subsection 104(1) was made by the court; 

27 

 

(ii)  any longer period determined in writing by the 

28 

Treasurer or by the court; and 

29 

 

(c)  if subparagraph 104(1)(d)(ii) (charge imposed after 

30 

Treasurer's declaration) applies in relation to the charge: 

31 

 

(i)  the interest is an estate in fee simple in the land or an 

32 

interest in a long term lease; and 

33 

 

(ii)  the person holds the interest alone. 

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Note: 

Subsection (4) contains an exception to this section (proceeds of crime 

orders). 

 

(2)  At the end of the period mentioned in paragraph (1)(b): 

 

(a)  the interest in the Australian land vests in equity in the 

Commonwealth but does not vest in the Commonwealth at 

law until the applicable registration requirements have been 

complied with; and 

 

(b)  the Treasurer has power, on behalf of the Commonwealth, to 

do anything necessary or convenient to give notice of, or 

otherwise protect, the Commonwealth's equitable interest in 

10 

the Australian land; and 

11 

 

(c)  the Commonwealth is entitled to be registered on a land 

12 

register as the owner of that property; and 

13 

 

(d)  the Treasurer has power, on behalf of the Commonwealth, to 

14 

do, or authorise the doing of, anything necessary or 

15 

convenient to obtain the registration of the Commonwealth as 

16 

the owner. 

17 

 

(3)  The Treasurer's powers under paragraph (2)(d) include: 

18 

 

(a)  executing any instrument required to be executed; or 

19 

 

(b)  signing any certificate that: 

20 

 

(i)  states that land has vested in the Commonwealth under 

21 

this section; and 

22 

 

(ii)  specifies the land that has so vested. 

23 

Exception in relation to proceeds of crime orders 

24 

 

(4)  This section does not apply if at the end of the period mentioned in 

25 

paragraph (1)(b): 

26 

 

(a)  a restraining order is in force in relation to the land under 

27 

Part 2-1 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002; or 

28 

 

(b)  a forfeiture order is in force in relation to the land under 

29 

Part 2-2 of that Act; or 

30 

 

(c)  an order (however described) of a kind prescribed by the 

31 

regulations is in force in relation to the land under a law of 

32 

the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory. 

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108  When the Commonwealth can begin dealing with interests in 

land 

 

(1)  The Treasurer, and persons acting on the Commonwealth's behalf, 

can dispose of, or otherwise deal with, a person's interest in 

Australian land that vests under section 107 only after the later of 

the following times: 

 

(a)  if the period provided for lodging an appeal against the 

finding in relation to the person mentioned in 

subsection 104(1) has ended without such an appeal having 

been lodged--the end of that period; 

10 

 

(b)  if an appeal against the finding in relation to the person has 

11 

been lodged--the appeal lapses or is finally determined. 

12 

 

(2)  However, such disposals and dealings may occur earlier with the 

13 

leave of a court and in accordance with any directions of a court. 

14 

109  Disposing of interests in land 

15 

 

(1)  The Treasurer must, on behalf of the Commonwealth, dispose of an 

16 

interest in a person's (the owner's) land that vests in the 

17 

Commonwealth under section 107 as soon as practicable after the 

18 

time mentioned in section 108. 

19 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may give full and effective title to the land free of 

20 

all other interests, which are extinguished at the time title is given. 

21 

Dealing with the proceeds of sale 

22 

 

(3)  The Treasurer must apply the proceeds of the disposal of the 

23 

interest in the land against: 

24 

 

(a)  the amounts mentioned in paragraph 106(2)(a); and 

25 

 

(b)  any other penalty that is due and payable to the 

26 

Commonwealth under this Act by the owner; and 

27 

 

(c)  any costs incurred by the Commonwealth in relation to the 

28 

disposal. 

29 

 

(4)  The Treasurer must pay the remainder of the proceeds, if any, to 

30 

the persons mentioned in subsection (6) in the order in which they 

31 

appear in that subsection. 

32 

Note: 

Not all of the persons mentioned in subsection (6) may be paid if the 

33 

proceeds are insufficient. 

34 

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(5)  If the remainder of the proceeds is insufficient to pay: 

 

(a)  all of the persons mentioned in paragraph (6)(a); or 

 

(b)  after paying all of the persons mentioned in paragraph (6)(a), 

all of the persons mentioned in paragraph (6)(b); 

the Treasurer must pay each person mentioned in that paragraph 

proportionately. 

 

(6)  The persons are as follows: 

 

(a)  a person holding a mortgage, charge or other interest over the 

land if the mortgage, charge or interest: 

 

(i)  relates to a debt due by the owner; and 

10 

 

(ii)  has been registered on a land register; 

11 

 

(b)  if subparagraph 104(1)(d)(i) applies--a person together with 

12 

whom the owner holds the interest; 

13 

 

(c)  the Commonwealth in relation to any other penalty or debt 

14 

that is due and payable to the Commonwealth by the owner; 

15 

 

(d)  the owner. 

16 

 

(7)  Nothing in this section affects the right of the Commonwealth to 

17 

recover penalties by other means. 

18 

110  Exemption from stamp duty and other State or Territory taxes 

19 

and fees 

20 

 

(1)  No stamp duty or other tax or fee is payable under a law of a State 

21 

or a Territory in respect of the vesting of an interest in Australian 

22 

land under section 107, or anything connected with the vesting of 

23 

the interest, if the Treasurer, in writing: 

24 

 

(a)  declares that the interest in the land has vested under that 

25 

section; and 

26 

 

(b)  specifies the interest in the land. 

27 

 

(2)  An instrument made under subsection (1) is not a legislative 

28 

instrument. 

29 

111  Compensation for acquisition of property 

30 

 

(1)  If the operation of this Subdivision would result in an acquisition 

31 

of property from a person otherwise than on just terms, the 

32 

Commonwealth is liable to pay a reasonable amount of 

33 

compensation to the person. 

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Note: 

For the definitions of acquisition of property and just terms, see 

section 4. 

 

(2)  If the Commonwealth and the person do not agree on the amount 

of the compensation, the person may institute proceedings in a 

court of competent jurisdiction for the recovery from the 

Commonwealth of such reasonable amount of compensation as the 

court determines. 

Part 6--Fees 

   

112  Simplified outline of this Part 

10 

Fees are payable under this Part to ensure that foreign persons and 

11 

others who take action regulated by this Act bear the costs relating 

12 

to the administration of this Act. 

13 

Fees are payable for: 

14 

 

(a) 

applying for an exemption certificate or a variation of an 

15 

exemption certificate; and 

16 

 

(b) 

giving a notice of a notifiable action; and 

17 

 

(c) 

giving a notice relating to an action that is not a 

18 

notifiable action; and 

19 

 

(d) 

applying for a variation of a no objection notification. 

20 

The Treasurer is not required to take any action before the fee is 

21 

paid. 

22 

A fee is also payable if the Treasurer makes a decision or order 

23 

under Part 3 relating to a significant action and a person has not 

24 

notified the Treasurer of the action. 

25 

The amounts of the fees are found in the Foreign Acquisitions and 

26 

Takeovers Fees Imposition Act 2015

27 

A fee may be waived or remitted. 

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113  When fees are payable 

 

(1)  The person mentioned in column 1 of the following table must pay 

a fee to the Treasurer in accordance with column 2 of the table. 

 

When fees are payable 

Item 

Column 1 

This person  ...  

Column 2 

must pay a fee ...  

a person who applies for an 

exemption certificate 

(a) when the application is made; 

and 

(b) for a person who is given an 

exemption certificate under 

section 57--at the end of each 6 

month period covered by 

subsection (2). 

a person who applies for a variation 

of an exemption certificate 

when the application is made. 

a person who gives a notice of a 

notifiable action under section 81 

when the notice is given. 

a person who gives a notice to the 

Treasurer of a proposal to take an 

action that is not a notifiable action 

when the notice is given. 

a person: 

(a) in relation to whom an order is 

made under Subdivision A of 

Division 2 of Part 3; or 

(b) to whom a no objection 

notification is given; 

who did not give to the Treasurer a 

notice relating to the action specified 

in the order or notification 

before the end of 30 days after the 

order or notification is given. 

a person who applies under 

subsection 76(6) for a variation of a 

no objection notification 

when the application is made. 

Note: 

The amounts of the fees are in Part 2 of the Foreign Acquisitions and 

Takeovers Fees Imposition Act 2015

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6 monthly fees for developers given exemption certificates under 

section 57 

 

(2)  A person (the developer) who is given an exemption certificate 

under section 57 must pay a fee for a 6 month period if there were 

one or more new dwelling acquisitions during the period. 

 

(3)  A 6 month period is: 

 

(a)  the period of 6 months beginning immediately after the 

developer is given the certificate; or 

 

(b)  each subsequent 6 month period. 

 

(4)  A new dwelling acquisition is an acquisition by a foreign person of 

10 

an interest in a new dwelling that is covered by the exemption 

11 

certificate given to the developer. 

12 

Debts may be recovered by Treasurer 

13 

 

(5)  A fee payable under this Act that does not relate to an application 

14 

made or a notice given by the person may be recovered by the 

15 

Treasurer, on behalf of the Commonwealth, as a debt due to the 

16 

Commonwealth in a court of competent jurisdiction. 

17 

114  Requirement for fees to be paid before Treasurer exercises 

18 

powers 

19 

 

  If a fee is payable by a person under section 113 for giving a notice 

20 

or making an application, then the person is taken not to have 

21 

given the notice or made the application until: 

22 

 

(a)  the fee has been paid; or 

23 

 

(b)  the fee has been waived or remitted under section 115. 

24 

Note: 

The notice must also be given in the approved manner (see 

25 

section 135). 

26 

115  Waiver and remission of fees 

27 

 

  The Treasurer may, on behalf of the Commonwealth, waive or 

28 

remit the whole or a part of a fee that is payable under this Act if 

29 

the Treasurer is satisfied that it is not contrary to the national 

30 

interest to waive or remit the fee. 

31 

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Part 7--Record-keeping and confidentiality of 

information 

Division 1--Simplified outline of this Part 

116  Simplified outline of this Part 

A person must make and keep records relating to: 

 

(a) 

significant actions, notifiable actions and actions 

specified in exemption certificates; and 

 

(b) 

compliance with conditions in no objection notifications 

and exemption certificates; and 

 

(c) 

certain disposals of interests in residential land. 

10 

The records must be kept for 5 years, except records that relate to 

11 

conditions which must be kept for 2 years. A person may commit 

12 

an offence if the person fails to make or keep the records in 

13 

accordance with Division 2. 

14 

Information that is obtained for the purposes of this Act (called 

15 

protected information) may be disclosed only for authorised 

16 

purposes. A person who obtains, uses or discloses protected 

17 

information other than as authorised by this Act may commit an 

18 

offence. 

19 

Division 2--Record-keeping 

20 

117  What records must be made and kept 

21 

 

(1)  A person must make and keep records of every act, transaction, 

22 

event or circumstance relating to the following: 

23 

 

(a)  any action taken by the person that is a significant action or 

24 

notifiable action to the extent that the records are relevant to 

25 

an order or decision under Part 3; 

26 

 

(b)  an action taken by the person that is specified in an 

27 

exemption certificate; 

28 

 

(c)  whether the person is complying with a condition in a no 

29 

objection notification or an exemption certificate; 

30 

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(d)  the disposal of an interest in residential land by the person if 

the acquisition of the interest by the person: 

 

(i)  was a significant action or notifiable action; or 

 

(ii)  would have been a significant action or notifiable action 

if the action had not been specified in an exemption 

certificate. 

 

(2)  The records must be: 

 

(a)  in English, or readily accessible and easily convertible into 

English; and 

 

(b)  such as to enable the acts, transactions, events or 

10 

circumstances mentioned in subsection (1) to be readily 

11 

ascertained. 

12 

118  Making and keeping records 

13 

 

  Records required by section 117 must be kept by a person until the 

14 

following time: 

15 

 

(a)  for paragraphs 117(1)(a) and (b)--5 years after the action is 

16 

taken by the person; 

17 

 

(b)  for paragraph 117(1)(c)--2 years after the condition ceases to 

18 

apply to the person; 

19 

 

(c)  for paragraph 117(1)(d)--5 years after the interest is 

20 

disposed of by the person. 

21 

119  Offence for failing to make and keep records 

22 

 

(1)  A person commits an offence if: 

23 

 

(a)  the person is required to make and keep a record under this 

24 

Division; and 

25 

 

(b)  the person does not make or keep the record in accordance 

26 

with this Division; and 

27 

 

(c)  the Treasurer has not notified the person that the person does 

28 

not need to make or keep the record; and 

29 

 

(d)  the person is not a corporation that has been finally dissolved. 

30 

Penalty:  30 penalty units. 

31 

 

(2)  Subsection (1) is an offence of strict liability. 

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Division 3--Confidentiality of information 

120  Meaning of protected information 

 

(1)  Information is protected information if the information is obtained 

under, in accordance with or for the purposes of this Act, except: 

 

(a)  information specified in an exemption certificate given 

under: 

 

(i)  section 57 (exemption certificates for new dwellings); 

or 

 

(ii)  regulations made for the purposes of section 63; or 

 

(b)  subject to subsection (2), information that is: 

10 

 

(i)  obtained by a person appointed to a position in the 

11 

Australian Taxation Office, or a person engaged under 

12 

the Public Service Act 1999 who is employed in the 

13 

Australian Taxation Office; and 

14 

 

(ii)  obtained under, in accordance with or for the purposes 

15 

of this Act as a result of a delegation or subdelegation 

16 

under section 137, or a request under subsection 138(4). 

17 

Note: 

Information mentioned in paragraph (b) is protected under 

18 

Division 355 in Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953

19 

 

(2)  If: 

20 

 

(a)  information is mentioned in paragraph (1)(b); and 

21 

 

(b)  the information is disclosed under Subdivision 355-B in 

22 

Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953; and 

23 

 

(c)  the disclosure is made to the Secretary or a person appointed 

24 

or engaged under the Public Service Act 1999 who is 

25 

employed in the Department; 

26 

the information mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) is protected 

27 

information in relation to further uses, disclosures or records made 

28 

of the information that arise from the disclosure mentioned in 

29 

paragraph (b) of this subsection. 

30 

121  Authorisation of disclosures etc. of protected information for the 

31 

purposes of this Act

 

32 

 

(1)

 

A person may make a record of, disclose or otherwise use 

33 

protected information if:

 

34 

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(a)

 

the person makes the record, or discloses or uses the 

information, in performing the person's functions or duties, 

or exercising the person's powers, under this Act; and

 

 

(b)

 

in relation to a disclosure--the information is disclosed to a 

person who is:

 

 

(i)  a Minister, an officer or an employee of the 

Commonwealth, a State, the Australian Capital 

Territory or the Northern Territory; or 

 

(ii)  an officer or employee of a Commonwealth, State or 

Territory body; or 

10 

 

(iii)  a person appointed by the Commonwealth for the 

11 

purposes of this Act. 

12 

 

(2)

 

A person may make a record of, disclose or otherwise use 

13 

protected information if:

 

14 

 

(a)

 

the person obtains the information under subsection (1) or 

15 

this subsection; and 

16 

 

(b)

 

the person makes the record of, discloses or otherwise uses 

17 

the information for the purposes for which the information 

18 

was disclosed to the person; and 

19 

 

(c)

 

in relation to a disclosure by the person--the information is 

20 

disclosed to a person who is:

 

21 

 

(i)  a Minister, an officer or an employee of the 

22 

Commonwealth, a State, the Australian Capital 

23 

Territory or the Northern Territory; or 

24 

 

(ii)  an officer or employee of a Commonwealth, State or 

25 

Territory body; or 

26 

 

(iii)  a person appointed by the Commonwealth for the 

27 

purposes of this Act. 

28 

122  Authorisation of disclosures to Commonwealth Ministers and 

29 

Commonwealth entities 

30 

Disclosures for the purposes of Acts 

31 

 

(1)  A person may disclose protected information to the Minister 

32 

administering any of the following Acts, or the accountable 

33 

authority of a Commonwealth entity that deals with the 

34 

administration of any of the following Acts, for the purposes of 

35 

administering that Act: 

36 

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(a)  the Airports Act 1996

 

(b)  the Australian Crime Commission Act 2002

 

(c)  the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority Act 1998

 

(d)  the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 

2001

 

(e)  the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Act 1979

 

(f)  the Banking Act 1959

 

(g)  the Corporations Act 2001

 

(h)  the Financial Sector (Shareholdings) Act 1998

 

(i)  the Industry Research and Development Act 1986

10 

 

(j)  the Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security Act 1986

11 

 

(k)  the Insurance Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1991

12 

 

(l)  the Intelligence Services Act 2001

13 

 

(m)  the Migration Act 1958

14 

 

(n)  the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002

15 

 

(o)  the Qantas Sale Act 1992

16 

 

(p)  a taxation law (within the meaning of section 995-1 of the 

17 

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997); 

18 

 

(q)  the Telstra Corporation Act 1991

19 

 

(r)  any other law prescribed by the regulations. 

20 

Disclosures for the purposes of Ministerial responsibilities 

21 

 

(2)  A person may disclose protected information to a Minister 

22 

responsible for any of the following for the purposes of enabling 

23 

the Minister to discharge that responsibility: 

24 

 

(a)  agriculture; 

25 

 

(b)  industry policy; 

26 

 

(c)  investment promotion; 

27 

 

(d)  taxation policy; 

28 

 

(e)  foreign investment in Australia. 

29 

 

(3)  A person may disclose protected information to the Secretary of a 

30 

Department administered by a Minister responsible for any of the 

31 

following for the purposes of assisting the Minister to discharge 

32 

that responsibility: 

33 

 

(a)  agriculture; 

34 

 

(b)  industry policy; 

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(c)  investment promotion; 

 

(d)  taxation policy; 

 

(e)  foreign investment in Australia. 

123  Authorisation of disclosures relating to law enforcement 

 

  A person may disclose protected information to an enforcement 

body (within the meaning of the Privacy Act 1988) if the person 

reasonably believes the disclosure of the information is reasonably 

necessary for one or more enforcement related activities (within 

the meaning of that Act) conducted by or on behalf of the 

enforcement body. 

10 

124  Authorisation of disclosures of periodic aggregate information 

11 

 

  A person may disclose protected information if the information: 

12 

 

(a)  specifies the matters prescribed by the regulations for the 

13 

purposes of reporting on the administration of this Act; and 

14 

 

(b)  does not identify, and is not reasonably capable of being used 

15 

to identify, a person. 

16 

125  Authorisation of disclosures of information in the public domain 

17 

 

  A person may disclose protected information if the information is, 

18 

at the time of the disclosure, already in the public domain (except 

19 

as a result of a contravention of this Division). 

20 

126  Authorisation of disclosures where consent or to person who 

21 

gave information or related entity 

22 

Person to whom information relates consents 

23 

 

(1) 

A person may make a record of, or disclose or otherwise use, 

24 

protected information if the person to whom the information relates 

25 

gives written consent. 

26 

Person who provided information 

27 

 

(2)  A person may disclose protected information if the disclosure is to: 

28 

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(a)  the person, or an agent of the person, who provided the 

information under, in accordance with or for the purposes of 

this Act; or 

 

(b)  an entity that is a member of the same wholly-owned group 

(within the meaning of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997

as the person mentioned in paragraph (a). 

127  Authorisation to use information for purposes of proceedings 

 

(1)  A person who obtains protected information may disclose the 

information to a court or tribunal, or in accordance with an order of 

a court or tribunal, (whether within or outside Australia) for the 

10 

purposes of proceedings if: 

11 

 

(a)  the Commonwealth is a party to the proceedings; and 

12 

 

(b)  the Treasurer is satisfied that it is not contrary to the national 

13 

interest. 

14 

Note: 

A person must not be required to provide information to a court or 

15 

tribunal (see section 130). 

16 

 

(2)  A person who obtains protected information under, or in 

17 

accordance with, subsection (1) may make a record of, or disclose 

18 

or otherwise use, the information for the purposes for which the 

19 

information was disclosed under that subsection. 

20 

128  Offence relating to protected information 

21 

 

  A person commits an offence if: 

22 

 

(a)  the person obtains information; and 

23 

 

(b)  the information is protected information; and 

24 

 

(c)  the person makes a record of, discloses or otherwise uses the 

25 

information; and 

26 

 

(d)  the record, disclosure or use is not authorised by this Part. 

27 

Note: 

For an exception for use of information in good faith, see section 129. 

28 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 2 years or 120 penalty units, or both. 

29 

129  Exception for use of information in good faith 

30 

 

  Section 128 does not apply if the person makes a record of, 

31 

discloses or otherwise uses protected information in good faith: 

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(a)  in performing, or purportedly performing, his or her 

functions or duties under this Act; or 

 

(b)  in exercising, or purportedly exercising, his or her powers 

under this Act. 

Note: 

A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matters in 

this section (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). 

130  No requirement to provide information 

 

  A person (whether within or outside Australia) must not, except for 

the purposes of this Act, be required: 

 

(a)  to produce any document in his or her possession; or 

10 

 

(b)  to disclose any matter or thing of which he or she had notice; 

11 

to a court, tribunal, authority or person having power to require the 

12 

production of documents or the answering of questions. 

13 

Part 8--Miscellaneous 

14 

   

15 

131  Simplified outline of this Part 

16 

This Part contains a number of miscellaneous provisions including 

17 

the following: 

18 

 

(a) 

the power of certain courts to preserve interests, and 

19 

enforce orders and conditions; 

20 

 

(b) 

the power of the Treasurer to require additional 

21 

information; 

22 

 

(c) 

the power of the Treasurer and the Secretary to delegate 

23 

his or her powers under this Act; 

24 

 

(d) 

a provision clarifying that a failure to comply with this 

25 

Act does not invalidate an action; 

26 

 

(e) 

the requirement for applications and notices to be given 

27 

in a manner approved by the Secretary; 

28 

 

(f) 

a regulation-making power. 

29 

132  Powers of courts to enforce Treasurer's orders 

30 

 

(1)  If a person (the offender) has committed an offence or contravened 

31 

a civil penalty provision in Part 5, the Federal Court of Australia, 

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the Federal Circuit Court of Australia or the Supreme Court of a 

State or Territory may, on application by the Treasurer, make any 

order it thinks fit: 

 

(a)  if the contravention was failing to give a notice under 

section 81, or taking an action before the day mentioned in 

section 82, in relation to an acquisition of an interest in 

Australian land--to preserve the interest; or 

 

(b)  if the contravention was of an order made under Part 3--to 

achieve the purpose for which the order was made; or 

 

(c)  if the contravention was of a condition of a no objection 

10 

notification or an exemption certificate--to achieve the 

11 

purpose for which the condition was imposed by the 

12 

Treasurer. 

13 

 

(2)  To avoid doubt, the court may make an order: 

14 

 

(a)  whether or not the offender has been convicted of an offence, 

15 

or a civil penalty order has been made against the offender, in 

16 

relation to the contravention; and 

17 

 

(b)  whether or not the contravention still continues; and 

18 

 

(c)  whether or not other proceedings relating to the 

19 

contravention have been or are to be instituted. 

20 

Kinds of orders court may make 

21 

 

(3)  Without limiting subsection (1), the court may make any of the 

22 

following orders. 

23 

 

24 

Kinds of orders court may make 

Item 

In relation to ...  

the court may make an order ...  

a change of control of 

an Australian entity 

or Australian 

business or the 

acquisition of an 

interest in securities 

in, or in assets of, an 

Australian entity 

(a) restraining the exercise of any rights attached to 

securities in, or assets of, the entity or business 

that are held by the offender; or 

(b) prohibiting or deferring the payment of any 

sums due to the offender in respect of such 

securities or assets; or 

(c) directing the disposal of such securities or 

assets; or 

(d) that any exercise of rights attached to such 

securities or assets be disregarded; or 

(e) prohibiting a person from acting as a senior 

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Kinds of orders court may make 

Item 

In relation to ...  

the court may make an order ...  

officer of the entity or from being involved in 

the central management and control of the entity 

or business; or 

(f) directing the entity to make such alterations of 

any of its constituent documents as are specified 

in the order. 

a change in the 

control of a foreign 

entity or the 

acquisition of an 

interest in securities 

in, or in assets of, a 

foreign entity 

(a) restraining the exercise of any rights attached to 

securities held by the foreign entity in an 

Australian subsidiary; or 

(b) prohibiting or deferring the payment of any 

sums due to the foreign entity in respect of 

securities held by it in an Australian subsidiary; 

or 

(c) directing the disposal of securities in, or assets 

of, an Australian subsidiary of the foreign 

entity; or 

(d) directing the disposal of assets of the foreign 

entity that consist of assets of an Australian 

business carried on by the foreign entity 

(whether alone or together with one or more 

other persons) or prohibiting or deferring the 

payment of any sums due to the foreign entity in 

respect of any such assets; or 

(e) that any exercise of rights attached to securities 

held by the foreign entity in an Australian 

subsidiary be disregarded; or 

(f) that any exercise of rights attached to assets of 

the foreign entity of a kind mentioned in 

paragraph (d) be disregarded; or 

(g) prohibiting a person from acting as a senior 

officer of, or from being concerned in the 

central management and control of, an 

Australian subsidiary of the foreign entity; or 

(h) directing an Australian subsidiary of the foreign 

entity to make such alterations of any of its 

constituent documents as are specified in the 

order. 

the acquisition of an 

interest in Australian 

land 

(a) restraining the exercise of any rights attached to 

any interest held by the offender in the land or 

other thing concerned; or 

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Kinds of orders court may make 

Item 

In relation to ...  

the court may make an order ...  

(b) prohibiting or deferring the payment of any 

sums due to the offender in respect of any such 

interest held by the offender; or 

(c) directing the disposal of any such interest held 

by the offender; or 

(d) that any exercise of rights attached to any such 

interest held by the offender be disregarded. 

any significant action 

prescribed by 

regulations made for 

the purposes of 

section 44 

of a kind prescribed by regulations made for the 

purposes of this item. 

Additional powers 

 

(4)  In addition to the other powers conferred on a court by this section, 

the court may make the following orders: 

 

(a)  an order directing any person to do or refrain from doing a 

specified act for the purpose of securing compliance with any 

other order made under this section; 

 

(b)  an order containing such ancillary or consequential 

provisions as the court thinks just. 

 

(5)  Before making an order under this section, the court may give a 

direction requiring either or both of the following: 

10 

 

(a)  notice of the application by the Treasurer to be given to such 

11 

persons as it thinks fit; 

12 

 

(b)  for the application by the Treasurer to be published in such 

13 

manner as it thinks fit. 

14 

 

(6)  The court may, by order: 

15 

 

(a)  rescind, vary or discharge an order made by it under this 

16 

section; or 

17 

 

(b)  suspend the operation of an order made by it under this 

18 

section. 

19 

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Other powers of court unaffected 

 

(7)  The powers conferred on a court by this section are in addition to, 

and not instead of, any other powers of the court, whether 

conferred by this Act or otherwise. 

133  Treasurer may require information 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may give a notice under this section if the Treasurer 

has reason to believe that a person can give information or produce 

documents relating to matters that are relevant to the exercise by 

the Treasurer of his or her powers under this Act. 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may, by notice in writing given to the person, 

10 

require the person: 

11 

 

(a)  to give any such information to the Treasurer or any other 

12 

specified person acting on the Treasurer's behalf; or 

13 

 

(b)  to produce any such documents to the Treasurer or any other 

14 

specified person acting on the Treasurer's behalf. 

15 

Note: 

The periods mentioned in section 77 (time limit on making orders and 

16 

decisions) stop until the person gives the information or produces the 

17 

documents (see subsection 77(4)). 

18 

Giving information 

19 

 

(3)  The notice must specify: 

20 

 

(a)  a period (of at least 14 days) within which the information 

21 

must be given or the documents produced; and 

22 

 

(b)  the manner of giving the information or producing 

23 

documents. 

24 

The Treasurer may, in writing, extend (or further extend) the 

25 

period mentioned in paragraph (a) if the Treasurer is satisfied that 

26 

it is reasonably necessary. 

27 

 

(4)  The information mentioned in paragraph (2)(a) must be given to 

28 

the Treasurer: 

29 

 

(a)  in writing signed by that person; or 

30 

 

(b)  for a corporation--by a competent officer of the corporation. 

31 

Offence 

32 

 

(5)  A person commits an offence if: 

33 

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(a)  the person is given a notice under this section; and 

 

(b)  the person does not comply with the notice. 

Note: 

For the liability of an officer of a corporation authorising or permitting 

contraventions, see section 102. 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 6 months or 30 penalty units, or both. 

 

(6)  Subsection (5) does not apply if the person complies with the 

notice to the extent to which the person is capable of complying 

with it. 

Note: 

A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in 

subsection (6) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code). 

10 

Self-incrimination 

11 

 

(7)  A person is not excused from giving information or producing a 

12 

document under this section on the ground that doing so might tend 

13 

to incriminate him or her. 

14 

 

(8)  However, in the case of an individual: 

15 

 

(a)  the answer or information given; or 

16 

 

(b)  any document produced; or 

17 

 

(c)  giving the information or answer, or producing the document 

18 

or thing; or 

19 

 

(d)  any information, document or thing obtained as a direct or 

20 

indirect consequence of giving the information or answer, or 

21 

producing the document or thing; 

22 

is not admissible in evidence against him or her in any criminal 

23 

proceedings or in proceedings for the recovery of a civil penalty, 

24 

other than proceedings under this Act or section 137.1 or 137.2 of 

25 

the Criminal Code (false or misleading information or documents) 

26 

relating to this Act. 

27 

134  Validity of acts done in contravention of this Act 

28 

 

  An act is not invalidated by the fact that it constitutes an offence 

29 

against or contravention of a civil penalty provision of this Act. 

30 

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135  Manner of notification and application 

 

(1)  A notice given, or application made, for the purposes of this Act is 

of no effect unless it is given or made in the manner approved, in 

writing, by the Secretary. 

Note: 

The Secretary may determine different manners of giving notices or 

making applications for different classes of notices or applications 

(see subsection 33(3A) of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901). 

 

(2)  The manner approved by the Secretary may be electronic 

communication. 

 

(3)  To avoid doubt, a notice given for the purposes of this Act 

10 

includes: 

11 

 

(a)  a notice required by a condition imposed in an exemption 

12 

certificate or a no objection notification; and 

13 

 

(b)  a notice under section 81 (notice of notifiable actions); and 

14 

 

(c)  a notice mentioned in item 4 of the table in subsection 113(1) 

15 

(notice of actions that are not notifiable actions). 

16 

136  Withdrawal of applications and notices 

17 

 

  An application or notice that is withdrawn is of no effect. 

18 

137  Delegation of powers or functions 

19 

Delegations by Treasurer 

20 

 

(1)  The Treasurer may, in writing, delegate to the following persons all 

21 

or any of the Treasurer's powers or functions under this Act 

22 

(except under sections 105, 106, 107 and 110): 

23 

 

(a)  the Secretary; 

24 

 

(b)  the Commissioner of Taxation; 

25 

 

(c)  a person engaged under the Public Service Act 1999 who is 

26 

employed in the Department or the Australian Taxation 

27 

Office. 

28 

 

(2)  The Treasurer may delegate the Treasurer's power under 

29 

section 105 (Treasurer's declaration relating to charge), 106 (effect 

30 

of charge on land), 107 (vesting of interest in land) or 110 

31 

(exemption from stamp duty and other State or Territory taxes and 

32 

fees) to the following persons: 

33 

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(a)  the Secretary; 

 

(b)  the Commissioner of Taxation; 

 

(c)  an SES employee, or acting SES employee, in the 

Department or the Australian Taxation Office. 

Delegations by Secretary 

 

(3)  The Secretary may, in writing, delegate to the following persons all 

or any of the Secretary's powers or functions under this Act: 

 

(a)  the Commissioner of Taxation; 

 

(b)  a person engaged under the Public Service Act 1999 who is 

employed in the Department or the Australian Taxation 

10 

Office. 

11 

Subdelegations by Commissioner of Taxation 

12 

 

(4)  If a power or function is delegated to the Commissioner of 

13 

Taxation under this section, the Commissioner may, in writing, 

14 

subdelegate the power or function to a person engaged under the 

15 

Public Service Act 1999 who is employed in the Australian 

16 

Taxation Office. 

17 

Note: 

See section 138 for the effect of a delegation to the Commissioner of 

18 

Taxation. 

19 

 

(5)  Sections 34AA, 34AB and 34A of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 

20 

apply in relation to the subdelegation in a way corresponding to the 

21 

way in which they apply in relation to a delegation. 

22 

Directions 

23 

 

(6)  In exercising powers or performing functions delegated or 

24 

subdelegated by a person under this section, the delegate or 

25 

subdelegate must comply with any directions of the person. 

26 

Delegations in relation to specified kinds of matters 

27 

 

(7)  Without limiting this section or subsection 33(3A) of the Acts 

28 

Interpretation Act 1901, a power or function may be delegated or 

29 

subdelegated generally or only in relation to specified kinds of 

30 

matters. 

31 

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138  Powers of Commissioner of Taxation 

Powers of Commissioner of Taxation as a result of delegation 

 

(1)  If a power or function under a provision of this Act is delegated to 

the Commissioner of Taxation under section 137, the 

Commissioner has the general administration of this Act to the 

extent of administering the provision. 

Note: 

The provision is therefore a taxation law for the purposes of the 

Taxation Administration Act 1953 (among other laws). That Act 

contains a wide range of provisions about gathering, protecting and 

dealing with information, the exercise of powers and the performance 

10 

of functions, under taxation laws, and the enforcement of taxation 

11 

laws. 

12 

 

(2)  However, the following do not apply in relation to this Act: 

13 

 

(a)  Part 4-25 (charges and penalties), other than section 288-35 

14 

and Division 298 to the extent that it relates to that section, in 

15 

Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953

16 

 

(b)  paragraph 355-15(c) in that Schedule (application of 

17 

Division 355); 

18 

 

(c)  Division 444 in that Schedule (obligations of entities on 

19 

behalf of other entities). 

20 

 

(3)  To avoid doubt, the Secretary or a person engaged under the Public 

21 

Service Act 1999 who is employed in the Department may be a 

22 

taxation officer (within the meaning of subsection 8J(1) of the 

23 

Taxation Administration Act 1953) to the extent that this Act is a 

24 

taxation law. 

25 

Powers of Commissioner of Taxation as a result of request by 

26 

Treasurer 

27 

 

(4)  The Treasurer may request, in writing, the Commissioner of 

28 

Taxation to exercise his or her powers under section 353-10 or 

29 

353-15 (powers to obtain information and evidence and access 

30 

premises) in Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 in 

31 

relation to a matter if a power or function has not been delegated to 

32 

the Commissioner under section 137 in relation to the matter. 

33 

 

(5)  If the Treasurer does so, the Commissioner of Taxation (or an 

34 

individual authorised by the Commissioner) may exercise his or 

35 

her powers under those sections of that Act as if a reference in 

36 

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those sections to a taxation law included a reference to this Act to 

the extent that it relates to the matter. 

139  Regulations 

 

(1)  The Governor-General may make regulations prescribing matters: 

 

(a)  required or permitted by this Act to be prescribed by the 

regulations; or 

 

(b)  necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or 

giving effect to this Act. 

 

(2)  Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may provide for a 

method for indexing a value or an amount prescribed for the 

10 

purposes of this Act. 

11 

 

(3)  Despite subsection 14(2) of the Legislative Instruments Act 2003

12 

the regulations may provide in relation to a matter by applying, 

13 

adopting or incorporating, with or without modification, any matter 

14 

contained in any other instrument or other writing as in force or 

15 

existing from time to time. 

16 

Schedule 2  Amendments contingent on the Acts and Instruments (Framework Reform) 

Act 2015 

   

 

 

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Schedule 2

--Amendments contingent on the 

Acts and Instruments (Framework 

Reform) Act 2015 

   

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 

1  Section 3 

Omit "publication", substitute "registration". 

2  Section 66 

Omit "publication", substitute "registration". 

3  Subsections 67(1) and (3) and 68(1) 

10 

After "Treasurer may", insert ", by notifiable instrument,". 

11 

4  Subsection 68(2) (note) 

12 

Omit "published in the Gazette", substitute "registered on the Federal 

13 

Register of Legislation". 

14 

5  Subsection 69(1) 

15 

After "Treasurer may", insert ", by notifiable instrument,". 

16 

6  Section 72 (heading) 

17 

Repeal the heading, substitute: 

18 

72  Registration and commencement of orders 

19 

7  Subsection 72(1) (heading) 

20 

Repeal the heading, substitute: 

21 

Registration of orders 

22 

8  Paragraph 72(1)(b) 

23 

Repeal the paragraph, substitute: 

24 

 

(b)  registered on the Federal Register of Legislation within 10 

25 

days after it is made. 

26 

Amendments contingent on the Acts and Instruments (Framework Reform) Act 2015  

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9  Paragraphs 72(2)(a) and (b) 

Omit "published", substitute "registered". 

10  Subparagraph 77(2)(c)(ii) 

Omit "published the order in the Gazette", substitute "registered the 

order". 

11  Paragraph 77(3)(b) 

Omit "published in the Gazette", substitute "registered". 

12  Subparagraph 77(3)(d)(i) 

Omit "published the order in the Gazette", substitute "registered the 

order". 

10 

13  Section 80 

11 

Omit "publication", substitute "registration". 

12 

14  Subsection 139(3) 

13 

Omit "Legislative Instruments Act 2003", substitute "Legislation Act 

14 

2003". 

15 

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Imposition Act 

   

 

 

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Schedule 3

--Application and transitional 

provisions for Schedules 1 and 2 and 

Fees Imposition Act 

   

1  Definitions 

In this Schedule: 

civil penalty provision has the same meaning as in the Regulatory 

Powers (Standard Provisions) Act 2014

commencement means the commencement of Schedule 1 to this Act. 

new provisions means the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 

10 

1975 as in force immediately after commencement. 

11 

old provisions means the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 

12 

as in force immediately before commencement. 

13 

Policy means: 

14 

 

(a)  the authoritative English version of the Ministerial statement 

15 

called Australia's Foreign Investment Policy, first released in 

16 

June 2010; or 

17 

 

(b)  any earlier equivalent Ministerial statement (such as the 

18 

Summary of Australia's Foreign Investment Policy). 

19 

transitional period means the period beginning on 1 March 2015 and 

20 

ending on 30 November 2015. 

21 

2  Notices given before commencement 

22 

Notices under old section 25 and the Policy 

23 

(1) 

A notice that is given under section 25 of the old provisions or the 

24 

Policy before commencement is taken, after commencement, to be a 

25 

notice that a significant action (that is not a notifiable action) is 

26 

proposed to be taken. 

27 

Note: 

The Treasurer has certain powers if the Treasurer is given a notice that a significant 

28 

action is proposed to be taken (see sections 74, 75 and 77 of the new provisions). 

29 

Notices under old section 26 or 26A 

30 

(2) 

A notice that is given under section 26 or 26A of the old provisions 

31 

before commencement is taken, after commencement, to have been 

32 

given under section 81 of the new provisions. 

33 

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(3) 

To avoid doubt, a notice given under section 26 or 26A of the old 

provisions is a notice stating that a significant action is proposed to be 

taken. 

Note: 

Certain powers and limitations apply if a notice is given stating that a significant action 

is proposed to be taken (see sections 74, 75 and 77 of the new provisions). 

(4) 

Subitems (1) and (2) do not apply in relation to section 113 of the new 

provisions (when fees are payable). 

Notices requiring information and documents 

(5) 

A notice that is given under section 36 of the old provisions before 

commencement is taken, after commencement, to have been given 

10 

under section 133 of the new provisions. 

11 

(6) 

Despite subitem (5), subsections 77(4) (effect of notice on time limits) 

12 

and 133(7) and (8) (self-incrimination) of the new provisions apply only 

13 

in relation to notices given under section 133 of the new provisions after 

14 

commencement. 

15 

Time of giving notices 

16 

(7) 

To avoid doubt, nothing in this item changes the time when a notice is 

17 

given. 

18 

3  Notices given during transitional period in relation to 

19 

actions relating to Australian rural land 

20 

(1) 

A notice that is given under section 25 or 26 of the old provisions or the 

21 

Policy during the transitional period in relation to Australian rural land 

22 

is taken, after commencement, to be a notice given under section 81 of 

23 

the new provisions in relation to agricultural land. 

24 

(2) 

Section 77 (time limit on making orders and decisions) of the new 

25 

provisions applies in relation to such a notice as if the notice were given 

26 

at commencement. 

27 

(3) 

A notice given by the Treasurer in accordance with the Policy during 

28 

the transitional period in relation to an acquisition or proposed 

29 

acquisition of Australian rural land binds the Commonwealth after 

30 

commencement. 

31 

Note: 

The notice does not bind the person to whom the notice is given. 

32 

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References to agricultural land 

(4) 

The new provisions apply in relation to an interest in Australian rural 

land to which this item applies as if a reference in those provisions to 

agricultural land were a reference to Australian rural land. 

4  Actions taken during transitional period in relation to 

Australian rural land 

Requirement to give notice 

(1) 

A foreign person who acquires an interest in Australian rural land 

during the transitional period must notify the Treasurer in accordance 

with section 135 of the new provisions unless the person has notified 

10 

the Treasurer of the acquisition or proposed acquisition before 

11 

commencement. 

12 

(2) 

A notice given under this item must be given within 30 days of 

13 

commencement. 

14 

(3) 

A notice given under this item is taken to have been given under 

15 

section 81 of the new provisions. 

16 

Offence 

17 

(4) 

A person commits an offence if: 

18 

 

(a)  the person is a foreign person; and 

19 

 

(b)  the person acquires an interest in Australian rural land; and 

20 

 

(c)  the acquisition occurs during the transitional period; and 

21 

 

(d)  the person does not notify the Treasurer of the acquisition 

22 

during the transitional period; and 

23 

 

(e)  the person does not notify the Treasurer of the acquisition in 

24 

accordance with this item. 

25 

Penalty:  Imprisonment for 3 years, or 750 penalty units, or both. 

26 

Civil penalty provisions 

27 

(5) 

A person must not contravene subitem (1) or (2). 

28 

Civil penalty: 

250 penalty units. 

29 

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(6) 

Section 99 of the new provisions applies as if the civil penalty 

provisions in subitems (1) and (2) were civil penalty provisions of the 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975

References to agricultural land 

(7) 

The new provisions apply in relation to an interest in Australian rural 

land to which this item applies as if a reference to agricultural land were 

a reference to Australian rural land. 

5  Orders, advices and decisions 

(1) 

The following table translates orders or advices given, or decisions 

made, before commencement under the old provisions for the purposes 

10 

of the new provisions. 

11 

 

12 

Orders, advice and decisions 

Item 

Column 1 

This thing done under this 

provision of the old provisions  ...  

Column 2 

is taken to be this thing done 

under this provision of the new 

provisions 

an order given under 

subsection 18(2), 19(2), 20(2), 21(2) 

or 21A(2) 

an order given under 

subsection 67(2). 

an order given under 

subsection 18(3), 19(3) or 21A(3) 

an order given under 

subsection 67(3). 

an order given under 

subsection 18(4), 19(4), 20(3), 21(3) 

or 21A(4) 

an order given under 

subsection 69(2). 

an order given under section 22 

an interim order given under 

section 68. 

a decision made under 

subsection 25(1A) where conditions 

have been imposed 

a decision made under 

paragraph 74(2)(a). 

an advice given under 

subsection 25(1B) where conditions 

have been imposed 

a no objection notification given 

under paragraph 74(2)(b). 

a decision made under 

subsection 25(1A) where conditions 

have not been imposed 

a decision made under 

paragraph 75(2)(a). 

Schedule 3  Application and transitional provisions for Schedules 1 and 2 and Fees 

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Orders, advice and decisions 

Item 

Column 1 

This thing done under this 

provision of the old provisions  ...  

Column 2 

is taken to be this thing done 

under this provision of the new 

provisions 

an advice given under 

subsection 25(1B) where conditions 

have not been imposed 

a no objection notification given 

under paragraph 75(2)(b). 

Variation and revocation of orders 

(2) 

The new provisions apply, after commencement, in relation to orders 

and advices mentioned in column 1 of the table in subitem (1) as if 

subparagraph 71(1)(b)(ii) and paragraph 74(6)(b) of the new provisions 

were omitted. 

Note: 

Subparagraph 71(1)(b)(ii) and paragraph 74(6)(b) of the new provisions deal with when 

orders and no objection notifications can be varied and revoked. 

Gazettal 

(3) 

If: 

 

(a)  an order is published in the Gazette before Schedule 2 

10 

commences; and 

11 

 

(b)  the period mentioned in section 25 of the old provisions has 

12 

not ended by that commencement; 

13 

the new provisions apply, after that commencement, as if a reference to 

14 

the registration of a notifiable instrument were a reference to 

15 

publication in the Gazette. 

16 

Application for all purposes 

17 

(4) 

To avoid doubt, this item applies for all purposes, including for the 

18 

purposes of Part 5 (offences and civil penalties) and section 132 

19 

(powers of court to enforce Treasurer's orders) of the new provisions. 

20 

6  Disposal orders 

21 

(1) 

Section 69 (disposal orders) of the new provisions applies in relation to: 

22 

 

(a)  any significant action taken before commencement if the 

23 

Treasurer would have had the power (before commencement) 

24 

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to make an order under subsection 18(4), 19(4), 20(3), 21(3) 

or 21A(4) of the old provisions in relation to the action; and 

 

(b)  any acquisition of an interest in Australian rural land taken 

during the transitional period; and 

 

(c)  any significant action taken after commencement. 

(2) 

Subitem (1) does not affect the operation of section 77 (time limit on 

making orders and decisions) of the new provisions. 

7  Anti-avoidance 

Sections 78 (anti-avoidance) and 79 (persons involved in avoidance 

taken to be associates) of the new provisions apply in relation to any 

10 

scheme, whether entered into before or after commencement. 

11 

8  Certificates 

12 

Certificates given before commencement 

13 

(1) 

A certificate given under paragraph 3(e) or (r) of the Foreign 

14 

Acquisitions and Takeovers Regulations 1989 before commencement is 

15 

taken, after commencement, to have been given under section 57 of the 

16 

new provisions (exemption certificates for new dwellings). 

17 

(2) 

A certificate given under paragraph 3(h) of the Foreign Acquisitions 

18 

and Takeovers Regulations 1989 before commencement is taken, after 

19 

commencement, to have been given under section 58 of the new 

20 

provisions (exemption certificates for foreign persons). 

21 

(3) 

Subitems (1) and (2) do not apply for the purposes of section 113 (when 

22 

fees are payable) of the new provisions. 

23 

Applications for certificates made before commencement 

24 

(4) 

The Treasurer may give a certificate under section 57 or 58 of the new 

25 

provisions to a person if: 

26 

 

(a)  the person has made an application for a certificate under 

27 

paragraph 3(e), (h) or (r) of the Foreign Acquisitions and 

28 

Takeovers Regulations 1989 before commencement; and 

29 

 

(b)  a decision on the application has not been made by 

30 

commencement. 

31 

Schedule 3  Application and transitional provisions for Schedules 1 and 2 and Fees 

Imposition Act 

   

 

 

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Application of this item 

(5) 

This item applies for all purposes, including for the purposes of Part 5 

of the new provisions (offences and civil penalties). 

9  Offences and civil penalties 

(1) 

Part 5 (offences and civil penalties), except sections 102 and 103, of the 

new provisions applies in relation to any conduct engaged in after 

commencement (including in relation to orders or notices given before 

commencement). 

(2) 

Sections 102 (liability of officers of corporations authorising or 

permitting contraventions) and 103 (civil penalties for officers of 

10 

corporations failing to prevent contraventions) of the new provisions 

11 

apply in relation to a conviction of an offence against the new 

12 

provisions, or a civil penalty order that is made against a corporation for 

13 

a contravention of the new provisions, after commencement for conduct 

14 

engaged in after commencement. 

15 

10  Fees 

16 

(1) 

Section 113 (when fees are payable) of the new provisions applies in 

17 

relation to: 

18 

 

(a)  applications made after commencement under the new 

19 

provisions; and 

20 

 

(b)  orders, notices and notifications given after commencement 

21 

in relation to action relating to Australian rural land taken 

22 

during the transitional period; and 

23 

 

(c)  orders, notices and notifications given after commencement 

24 

in relation to action taken after commencement. 

25 

(2) 

Section 12 of the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Fees Imposition 

26 

Act 2015 applies in relation to each financial year starting on or after 

27 

1 July 2016. 

28 

11  Record-keeping 

29 

Division 2 of Part 7 (record-keeping) of the new provisions applies in 

30 

relation to: 

31 

 

(a)  actions mentioned in paragraph 117(1)(a) or (b) of the new 

32 

provisions that are taken after commencement; and 

33 

 

(b)  acts, transactions, events or circumstances that: 

34 

Application and transitional provisions for Schedules 1 and 2 and Fees Imposition Act  

Schedule 3 

   

 

 

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121 

 

 

(i)  relate to whether a person is complying with a condition 

in a no objection notification or an exemption 

certificate; and 

 

(ii)  occur after commencement (including in relation to 

notices or certificates given before commencement); 

and 

 

(c)  disposals of interests in residential land that occur after 

commencement. 

12  Confidentiality of information 

Division 3 of Part 7 (confidentiality of information) of the new 

10 

provisions applies in relation to records or disclosures made, and uses, 

11 

of protected information after commencement, whether the protected 

12 

information was obtained before or after that time. 

13 

13  Transitional rules 

14 

(1) 

The Treasurer may, by legislative instrument, make rules prescribing 

15 

matters of a transitional nature (including prescribing any saving or 

16 

application provisions) relating to the amendments or repeals made by 

17 

this Act. 

18 

(2) 

However, to avoid doubt, the rules may not do the following: 

19 

 

(a)  create an offence or civil penalty; 

20 

 

(b)  provide powers of: 

21 

 

(i)  arrest or detention; or 

22 

 

(ii)  entry, search or seizure; 

23 

 

(c)  impose a tax; 

24 

 

(d)  set an amount to be appropriated from the Consolidated 

25 

Revenue Fund under an appropriation in this Act; 

26 

 

(e)  directly amend the text of this Act. 

27 

(3) 

This Schedule (other than subitem (2)) does not limit the rules that may 

28 

be made for the purposes of subitem (1). 

29 

Schedule 4  Amendments of confidentiality provisions 

   

 

 

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Schedule 4

--Amendments of confidentiality 

provisions 

   

Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing 

Act 2006 

1  Subsection 125(1) 

Repeal the subsection, substitute: 

 

(1)  The Commissioner of Taxation and any taxation officer is entitled 

to access to AUSTRAC information for any purpose relating to the 

facilitation of the administration or enforcement of: 

10 

 

(a)  a taxation law; or 

11 

 

(b)  the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975, if the 

12 

Commissioner or officer is accessing the information in 

13 

relation to a matter for which there has been a request under 

14 

subsection 138(4) of that Act. 

15 

Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 

16 

2  Subsection 995-1(1) 

17 

Insert: 

18 

property right or interest has the meaning given by 

19 

subsection 354-5(2) in Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration 

20 

Act 1953

21 

Taxation Administration Act 1953 

22 

3  After Division 353 in Schedule 1 

23 

Insert: 

24 

Amendments of confidentiality provisions  Schedule 4 

   

 

 

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123 

 

Division 354--Power to obtain information about rights or 

interests in property 

354-5  Power to obtain information about rights or interests in 

property 

 

(1)  The Commissioner may by notice in writing require you to give the 

Commissioner information required for the purpose of the 

administration or operation of a 

*

taxation law if: 

 

(a)  both of the following apply: 

 

(i)  you have a legal or equitable interest in real or personal 

property; 

10 

 

(ii)  the information is about any other 

*

property right or 

11 

interest in the property; or 

12 

 

(b)  both of the following apply: 

13 

 

(i)  the Commissioner is satisfied that you may have 

14 

information about a property right or interest in 

15 

property; 

16 

 

(ii)  the information is about the property right or interest. 

17 

Note: 

Failing to comply with a requirement may be an offence under 

18 

section 8C. 

19 

 

(2)  A property right or interest is: 

20 

 

(a)  a legal or equitable interest in the property; or 

21 

 

(b)  a right, power or privilege in connection with the property; 

22 

whether present or future and whether vested or contingent. 

23 

Content of notice 

24 

 

(3)  The notice must specify the following: 

25 

 

(a)  the property to which the notice applies; 

26 

 

(b)  the information required; 

27 

 

(c)  the period within which the information must be given; 

28 

 

(d)  the manner of giving the information. 

29 

 

(4)  The information required may include the following: 

30 

 

(a)  details of your interest in the property; 

31 

 

(b)  details (including name and address) of any person who has a 

32 

*

property right or interest in the property; 

33 

Schedule 4  Amendments of confidentiality provisions 

   

 

 

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(c)  details of any class of person who has a property right or 

interest in the property; 

 

(d)  details of each property right or interest in the property, 

including: 

 

(i)  the nature and extent of the right or interest; and 

 

(ii)  the circumstances giving rise to the right or interest. 

 

(5)  If: 

 

(a)  you are given a notice under paragraph (1)(a); and 

 

(b)  you do not have the information required but another person 

has the information; 

10 

you must make all reasonable efforts to obtain the information. 

11 

 

(6)  To avoid doubt, you may be required as a result of a notice under 

12 

this section to create a document giving the information required. 

13 

 

(7)  The period specified in the notice must be: 

14 

 

(a)  at least 14 days after the notice is given (except if 

15 

paragraph (b) applies); or 

16 

 

(b)  if the Commissioner is satisfied that a shorter period is 

17 

necessary--the shorter period. 

18 

Relationship with section 353-10 

19 

 

(8)  Nothing in this section affects the operation of section 353-10 and 

20 

nothing in that section affects the operation of this section. 

21 

4  Subsection 355-55(1) in Schedule 1 (at the end of the table) 

22 

Add: 

23 

a Minister responsible for: 

(a) agriculture; or 

(b) industry policy; or 

(c) investment promotion; or 

(d) taxation policy; or 

(e) foreign investment in 

Australia 

(a) is of information contained in the 

Register of Foreign Ownership of 

Agricultural Land; and 

(b) is for the purpose of enabling that 

Minister to discharge that 

responsibility. 

5  Subsection 355-65(4) in Schedule 1 (table items 1 to 4) 

24 

Repeal the items, substitute: 

25 

the Australian Securities and 

is for the purpose of performing any 

Amendments of confidentiality provisions  Schedule 4 

   

 

 

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Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Legislation Amendment Bill 2015 

125 

 

Investments Commission 

 

functions or exercising any powers 

under any Act or instrument, or part of 

any Act or instrument, of which the 

Commission has the general 

administration. 

6  Subsection 355-65(4) in Schedule 1 (table item 7) 

Repeal the item, substitute: 

the Secretary of the Department 

 

is for the purpose of administering the 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 

1975

7  Subsection 355-65(8) in Schedule 1 (table items 3 and 4) 

Repeal the items, substitute: 

the 

*

Immigration Secretary or the 

Australian Border Force 

Commissioner (within the 

meaning of the Australian 

Border Force Act 2015

 

is for the purpose of performing any 

functions or exercising any powers 

under any Act or instrument, or part of 

any Act or instrument, administered by 

the Minister administering the 

*

Immigration Department. 

8  Subsection 355-65(8) in Schedule 1 (after table item 6) 

Insert: 

the Secretary of a Department 

administered by a Minister 

responsible for: 

(a) agriculture; or 

(b) industry policy; or 

(c) investment promotion; or 

(d) taxation policy; or 

(e) foreign investment in 

Australia 

(a) is of information contained in the 

Register of Foreign Ownership of 

Agricultural Land; and 

(b) is for the purpose of enabling that 

Department to assist that Minister to 

discharge that responsibility. 

9  Section 355-75 in Schedule 1 

Repeal the section, substitute: 

355-75  Limits on disclosure to courts and tribunals 

 

  An entity who is or was a 

*

taxation officer is not to be required to 

10 

disclose to a court or tribunal 

*

protected information that was 

11 

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No.      , 2015 

 

acquired by the entity as a taxation officer except where it is 

necessary to do so for the purpose of carrying into effect the 

provisions of: 

 

(a)  a 

*

taxation law; or 

 

(b)  the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975, if the 

entity acquired the information because of a request under 

subsection 138(4) of that Act. 

Note: 

See also section 8ZK of this Act (about protection of witnesses). 

10  Paragraph 355-155(b) in Schedule 1 

After "Subdivision 355-B", insert "(except subsection 355-65(1) 

10 

operating in relation to item 7 in the table in subsection 355-65(4))". 

11 

11  Section 355-205 in Schedule 1 

12 

Repeal the section, substitute: 

13 

355-205  Limits on on-disclosure to courts or tribunals 

14 

 

  An entity is not to be required to disclose to a court or tribunal 

15 

*

protected information that was acquired by the entity under 

16 

Subdivision 355-B or this Subdivision, except where it is necessary 

17 

to do so for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of: 

18 

 

(a)  a 

*

taxation law; or 

19 

 

(b)  if the entity has or had duties, functions or powers under the 

20 

Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975--that Act. 

21 

Note: 

See also section 8ZK of this Act (about protection of witnesses). 

22 

12  Application 

23 

(1) 

The amendment of section 125 of the Anti-Money Laundering and 

24 

Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006 made by this Schedule applies 

25 

in relation to the accessing of information on or after the 

26 

commencement of this Schedule, whether the information was obtained 

27 

before, on or after the commencement of this Schedule. 

28 

(2) 

The amendments of Division 355 in Schedule 1 to the Taxation 

29 

Administration Act 1953 made by this Schedule apply in relation to 

30 

records and disclosures of information made on or after the 

31 

commencement of this Schedule, whether the information was obtained 

32 

before, on or after the commencement of this Schedule. 

33 

 


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