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This is a Bill, not an Act. For current law, see the Acts databases.


TRADE PRACTICES AMENDMENT (AUSTRALIAN CONSUMER LAW) BILL (NO. 2) 2010

2008-2009-2010
The Parliament of the
Commonwealth of Australia
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Presented and read a first time
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian
Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010
No. , 2010
(Treasury)
A Bill for an Act to amend the Trade Practices Act
1974 and the Australian Securities and Investments
Commission Act 2001, and for other purposes
i Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
Contents
1 Short
title
...........................................................................................
1
2 Commencement
.................................................................................
1
3 Schedule(s)
........................................................................................
3
Schedule 1--The Australian Consumer Law
4
Trade Practices Act 1974
4
Schedule 2--Application of the Australian Consumer Law
256
Trade Practices Act 1974
256
Schedule 3--Amendment of the Corporations legislation
330
Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001
330
Corporations Act 2001
342
Schedule 4--Enforcement of industry codes
344
Trade Practices Act 1974
344
Schedule 5--Other amendments of the Trade Practices Act
1974
351
Schedule 6--Amendment of other Acts to change references to
the Trade Practices Act 1974
367
Part 1--Bulk amendments
367
Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977
367
Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act 1994
367
Airports Act 1996
367
Air Services Act 1995
368
Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006
368
Australian Communications and Media Authority Act 2005
369
Australian Energy Market Act 2004
369
Australian Maritime Safety Authority Act 1990
369
Australian Postal Corporation Act 1989
369
Banking Act 1959
370
Broadcasting Services Act 1992
370
Crimes Act 1914
371
Customs Act 1901
371
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010 ii
Do Not Call Register Act 2006
371
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
371
Evidence and Procedure (New Zealand) Act 1994
371
Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
371
Financial Sector (Business Transfer and Group Restructure) Act 1999
372
Health Insurance Commission (Reform and Separation of Functions)
Act 1997
372
Insurance Act 1973
372
Jurisdiction of Courts (Cross-vesting) Act 1987
372
Life Insurance Act 1995
373
Liquid Fuel Emergency Act 1984
373
Medibank Private Sale Act 2006
373
Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 2007
373
Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991
373
Occupational Health and Safety (Maritime Industry) Act 1993
373
Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006
374
Patents Act 1990
374
Payment Systems (Regulation) Act 1998
374
Private Health Insurance Act 2007
374
Proceeds of Crime Act 2002
374
Protection of the Sea (Powers of Intervention) Act 1981
374
Radiocommunications Act 1992
374
Social Security (Administration) Act 1999
375
Spam Act 2003
375
Sydney Airport Demand Management Act 1997
375
Telecommunications Act 1997
376
Telecommunications (Consumer Protection and Service Standards)
Act 1999
378
Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979
378
Trade Marks Act 1995
378
Trans-Tasman Proceedings Act 2010
378
Water Act 2007
378
Wheat Export Marketing Act 2008
378
iii Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Part 2--Other amendments
379
Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977
379
Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Act 1994
379
Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Administration) Act 1992
379
Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act 1994
379
Airports Act 1996
379
Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006
380
Banking Act 1959
380
Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1991
380
Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
381
Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991
381
Insurance Act 1973
382
Jurisdiction of Courts (Cross-vesting) Act 1987
382
Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989
382
National Transmission Network Sale Act 1998
383
Olympic Insignia Protection Act 1987
383
Radiocommunications Act 1992
385
Wheat Export Marketing Act 2008
385
Schedule 7--Transitional matters
386
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010 1
A Bill for an Act to amend the Trade Practices Act
1
1974 and the Australian Securities and Investments
2
Commission Act 2001, and for other purposes
3
The Parliament of Australia enacts:
4
1 Short title
5
This Act may be cited as the Trade Practices Amendment
6
(Australian Consumer Law) Act (No. 2) 2010.
7
2 Commencement
8
(1) Each provision of this Act specified in column 1 of the table
9
commences, or is taken to have commenced, in accordance with
10
column 2 of the table. Any other statement in column 2 has effect
11
according to its terms.
12
13
2 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Commencement information
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Provision(s)
Commencement
Date/Details
1. Sections 1 to 3
and anything in
this Act not
elsewhere covered
by this table
The day this Act receives the Royal Assent.
2. Schedules 1 to
5
The later of:
(a) the start of 1 January 2011; and
(b) immediately after the commencement of
Schedule 1 to the Trade Practices
Amendment (Australian Consumer Law)
Act (No. 1) 2010.
However, the provision(s) do not commence
at all if the event mentioned in paragraph (b)
does not occur.
3. Schedule 6,
items 1 to 46
At the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2.
4. Schedule 6,
item 47
The later of:
(a) the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2; and
(b) immediately after the commencement of
Schedule 1 to the Broadcasting
Legislation Amendment (Digital
Television) Act 2010.
However, the provision(s) do not commence
at all if the event mentioned in paragraph (b)
does not occur.
5. Schedule 6,
items 48 to 141
At the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2.
6. Schedule 6,
item 142
The later of:
(a) the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2; and
(b) immediately after the commencement of
section 3 of the Trans-Tasman
Proceedings Act 2010.
However, the provision(s) do not commence
at all if the event mentioned in paragraph (b)
does not occur.
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
3
Commencement information
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Provision(s)
Commencement
Date/Details
7. Schedule 6,
items 143 to 191
At the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2.
8. Schedule 7
At the same time as the provision(s) covered
by table item 2.
Note:
This table relates only to the provisions of this Act as originally
1
passed by both Houses of the Parliament and assented to. It will not be
2
expanded to deal with provisions inserted in this Act after assent.
3
(2) Column 3 of the table contains additional information that is not
4
part of this Act. Information in this column may be added to or
5
edited in any published version of this Act.
6
3 Schedule(s)
7
Each Act that is specified in a Schedule to this Act is amended or
8
repealed as set out in the applicable items in the Schedule
9
concerned, and any other item in a Schedule to this Act has effect
10
according to its terms.
11
12
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
4 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Schedule 1--The Australian Consumer Law
1
2
Trade Practices Act 1974
3
1 Schedule 2
4
Repeal the Schedule, substitute:
5
Schedule 2--The Australian Consumer Law
6
Note: See
Part
XI.
7
8
9
Chapter 1--Introduction
10
1 Application of this Schedule
11
2 Definitions
12
3 Meaning of consumer
13
4 Misleading representations with respect to future matters
14
5 When donations are treated as supplies or acquisitions
15
6 Related bodies corporate
16
7 Meaning of manufacturer
17
8 Goods affixed to land or premises
18
9 Meaning of safety defect in relation to goods
19
10 Asserting a right to payment
20
11 References to acquisition, supply and re-supply
21
12 Application of Schedule in relation to leases and licences of land
22
and buildings
23
13 Loss or damage to include injury
24
14 Meaning of continuing credit contract
25
15 Contraventions of this Schedule
26
16 Severability
27
17 References to provisions in this Schedule
28
Chapter 2--General protections
29
Part 2-1--Misleading or deceptive conduct
30
18 Misleading or deceptive conduct
31
19 Application of this Part to information providers
32
Part 2-2--Unconscionable conduct
33
20 Unconscionable conduct within the meaning of the unwritten law
34
21 Unconscionable conduct
35
22 Unconscionable conduct in business transactions
36
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
5
Part 2-3--Unfair contract terms
1
23 Unfair terms of consumer contracts
2
24 Meaning of unfair
3
25 Examples of unfair terms
4
26 Terms that define main subject matter of consumer contracts etc.
5
are unaffected
6
27 Standard form contracts
7
28 Contracts to which this Part does not apply
8
Chapter 3--Specific protections
9
Part 3-1--Unfair practices
10
Division 1--False or misleading representations etc.
11
29 False or misleading representations about goods or services
12
30 False or misleading representations about sale etc. of land
13
31 Misleading conduct relating to employment
14
32 Offering rebates, gifts, prizes etc.
15
33 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of goods
16
34 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of services
17
35 Bait advertising
18
36 Wrongly accepting payment
19
37 Misleading representations about certain business activities
20
38 Application of provisions of this Division to information providers
21
Division 2--Unsolicited supplies
22
39 Unsolicited cards etc.
23
40 Assertion of right to payment for unsolicited goods or services
24
41 Liability etc. of recipient for unsolicited goods
25
42 Liability of recipient for unsolicited services
26
43 Assertion of right to payment for unauthorised entries or
27
advertisements
28
Division 3--Pyramid schemes
29
44 Participation in pyramid schemes
30
45 Meaning of pyramid scheme
31
46 Marketing schemes as pyramid schemes
32
Division 4--Pricing
33
47 Multiple pricing
34
48 Single price to be specified in certain circumstances
35
Division 5--Other unfair practices
36
49 Referral selling
37
50 Harassment and coercion
38
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
6 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Part 3-2--Consumer transactions
1
Division 1--Consumer guarantees
2
Subdivision A--Guarantees relating to the supply of goods
3
51 Guarantee as to title
4
52 Guarantee as to undisturbed possession
5
53 Guarantee as to undisclosed securities etc.
6
54 Guarantee as to acceptable quality
7
55 Guarantee as to fitness for any disclosed purpose etc.
8
56 Guarantee relating to the supply of goods by description
9
57 Guarantees relating to the supply of goods by sample or
10
demonstration model
11
58 Guarantee as to repairs and spare parts
12
59 Guarantee as to express warranties
13
Subdivision B--Guarantees relating to the supply of services
14
60 Guarantee as to due care and skill
15
61 Guarantees as to fitness for a particular purpose etc.
16
62 Guarantee as to reasonable time for supply
17
63 Services to which this Subdivision does not apply
18
Subdivision C--Guarantees not to be excluded etc. by contract
19
64 Guarantees not to be excluded etc. by contract
20
Subdivision D--Miscellaneous
21
65 Application of this Division to supplies of gas, electricity and
22
telecommunications
23
66 Display notices
24
67 Conflict of laws
25
68 Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
26
Division 2--Unsolicited consumer agreements
27
Subdivision A--Introduction
28
69 Meaning of unsolicited consumer agreement
29
70 Presumption that agreements are unsolicited consumer agreements
30
71 Meaning of dealer
31
72 Meaning of negotiation
32
Subdivision B--Negotiating unsolicited consumer agreements
33
73 Permitted hours for negotiating an unsolicited consumer
34
agreement
35
74 Disclosing purpose and identity
36
75 Ceasing to negotiate on request
37
76 Informing person of termination period etc.
38
77 Liability of suppliers for contraventions by dealers
39
Subdivision C--Requirements for unsolicited consumer
40
agreements etc.
41
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
7
78 Requirement to give document to the consumer
1
79 Requirements for all unsolicited consumer agreements etc.
2
80 Additional requirements for unsolicited consumer agreements not
3
negotiated by telephone
4
81 Requirements for amendments of unsolicited consumer
5
agreements
6
Subdivision D--Terminating unsolicited consumer agreements
7
82 Terminating an unsolicited consumer agreement during the
8
termination period
9
83 Effect of termination
10
84 Obligations of suppliers on termination
11
85 Obligations and rights of consumers on termination
12
86 Prohibition on supplies etc. for 10 business days
13
87 Repayment of payments received after termination
14
88 Prohibition on recovering amounts after termination
15
Subdivision E--Miscellaneous
16
89 Certain provisions of unsolicited consumer agreements void
17
90 Waiver of rights
18
91 Application of this Division to persons to whom rights of
19
consumers and suppliers are assigned etc.
20
92 Application of this Division to supplies to third parties
21
93 Effect of contravening this Division
22
94 Regulations may limit the application of this Division
23
95 Application of this Division to certain conduct covered by the
24
Corporations Act
25
Division 3--Lay-by agreements
26
96 Lay-by agreements must be in writing etc.
27
97 Termination of lay-by agreements by consumers
28
98 Termination of lay-by agreements by suppliers
29
99 Effect of termination
30
Division 4--Miscellaneous
31
100 Supplier must provide proof of transaction etc.
32
101 Consumer may request an itemised bill
33
102 Prescribed requirements for warranties against defects
34
103 Repairers must comply with prescribed requirements
35
Part 3-3--Safety of consumer goods and product related
36
services
37
Division 1--Safety standards
38
104 Making safety standards for consumer goods and product related
39
services
40
105 Declaring safety standards for consumer goods and product
41
related services
42
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
8 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
106 Supplying etc. consumer goods that do not comply with safety
1
standards
2
107 Supplying etc. product related services that do not comply with
3
safety standards
4
108 Requirement to nominate a safety standard
5
Division 2--Bans on consumer goods and product related
6
services
7
Subdivision A--Interim bans
8
109 Interim bans on consumer goods or product related services that
9
will or may cause injury to any person etc.
10
110 Places in which interim bans apply
11
111 Ban period for interim bans
12
112 Interaction of multiple interim bans
13
113 Revocation of interim bans
14
Subdivision B--Permanent bans
15
114 Permanent bans on consumer goods or product related services
16
115 Places in which permanent bans apply
17
116 When permanent bans come into force
18
117 Revocation of permanent bans
19
Subdivision C--Compliance with interim bans and permanent
20
bans
21
118 Supplying etc. consumer goods covered by a ban
22
119 Supplying etc. product related services covered by a ban
23
Subdivision D--Temporary exemption from mutual recognition
24
principles
25
120 Temporary exemption under the Trans-Tasman Mutual
26
Recognition Act 1997
27
121 Temporary exemption under the Mutual Recognition Act 1992
28
Division 3--Recall of consumer goods
29
Subdivision A--Compulsory recall of consumer goods
30
122 Compulsory recall of consumer goods
31
123 Contents of a recall notice
32
124 Obligations of a supplier in relation to a recall notice
33
125 Notification by persons who supply consumer goods outside
34
Australia if there is compulsory recall
35
126 Interaction of multiple recall notices
36
127 Compliance with recall notices
37
Subdivision B--Voluntary recall of consumer goods
38
128 Notification requirements for a voluntary recall of consumer
39
goods
40
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
9
Division 4--Safety warning notices
1
129 Safety warning notices about consumer goods and product
2
related services
3
130 Announcement of the results of an investigation etc.
4
Division 5--Consumer goods, or product related services,
5
associated with death or serious injury or illness
6
131 Suppliers to report consumer goods associated with the death or
7
serious injury or illness of any person
8
132 Suppliers to report product related services associated with the
9
death or serious injury or illness of any person
10
Division 6--Miscellaneous
11
133 Liability under a contract of insurance
12
Part 3-4--Information standards
13
134 Making information standards for goods and services
14
135 Declaring information standards for goods and services
15
136 Supplying etc. goods that do not comply with information
16
standards
17
137 Supplying etc. services that do not comply with information
18
standards
19
Part 3-5--Liability of manufacturers for goods with safety
20
defects
21
Division 1--Actions against manufacturers for goods with safety
22
defects
23
138 Liability for loss or damage suffered by an injured individual
24
139 Liability for loss or damage suffered by a person other than an
25
injured individual
26
140 Liability for loss or damage suffered by a person if other goods
27
are destroyed or damaged
28
141 Liability for loss or damage suffered by a person if land,
29
buildings or fixtures are destroyed or damaged
30
142 Defences to defective goods actions
31
Division 2--Defective goods actions
32
143 Time for commencing defective goods actions
33
144 Liability joint and several
34
145 Survival of actions
35
146 No defective goods action where workers' compensation law etc.
36
applies
37
147 Unidentified manufacturer
38
148 Commonwealth liability for goods that are defective only
39
because of compliance with Commonwealth mandatory
40
standard
41
149 Representative actions by the regulator
42
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
10 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Division 3--Miscellaneous
1
150 Application of all or any provisions of this Part etc. not to be
2
excluded or modified
3
Chapter 4--Offences
4
Part 4-1--Offences relating to unfair practices
5
Division 1--False or misleading representations etc.
6
151 False or misleading representations about goods or services
7
152 False or misleading representations about sale etc. of land
8
153 Misleading conduct relating to employment
9
154 Offering rebates, gifts, prizes etc.
10
155 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of goods
11
156 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of services
12
157 Bait advertising
13
158 Wrongly accepting payment
14
159 Misleading representations about certain business activities
15
160 Application of provisions of this Division to information
16
providers
17
Division 2--Unsolicited supplies
18
161 Unsolicited cards etc.
19
162 Assertion of right to payment for unsolicited goods or services
20
163 Assertion of right to payment for unauthorised entries or
21
advertisements
22
Division 3--Pyramid schemes
23
164 Participation in pyramid schemes
24
Division 4--Pricing
25
165 Multiple pricing
26
166 Single price to be specified in certain circumstances
27
Division 5--Other unfair practices
28
167 Referral selling
29
168 Harassment and coercion
30
Part 4-2--Offences relating to consumer transactions
31
Division 1--Consumer guarantees
32
169 Display notices
33
Division 2--Unsolicited consumer agreements
34
Subdivision A--Negotiating unsolicited consumer agreements
35
170 Permitted hours for negotiating an unsolicited consumer
36
agreement
37
171 Disclosing purpose and identity
38
172 Ceasing to negotiate on request
39
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
11
173 Informing person of termination period etc.
1
Subdivision B--Requirements for unsolicited consumer
2
agreements etc.
3
174 Requirement to give document to the consumer
4
175 Requirements for all unsolicited consumer agreements etc.
5
176 Additional requirements for unsolicited consumer agreements not
6
negotiated by telephone
7
177 Requirements for amendments of unsolicited consumer
8
agreements
9
Subdivision C--Terminating unsolicited consumer agreements
10
178 Obligations of suppliers on termination
11
179 Prohibition on supplies for 10 business days
12
180 Repayment of payments received after termination
13
181 Prohibition on recovering amounts after termination
14
Subdivision D--Miscellaneous
15
182 Certain provisions of unsolicited consumer agreements void
16
183 Waiver of rights
17
184 Application of this Division to persons to whom rights of
18
consumers and suppliers are assigned etc.
19
185 Application of this Division to supplies to third parties
20
186 Regulations may limit the application of this Division
21
187 Application of this Division to certain conduct covered by the
22
Corporations Act
23
Division 3--Lay-by agreements
24
188 Lay-by agreements must be in writing etc.
25
189 Termination charges
26
190 Termination of lay-by agreements by suppliers
27
191 Refund of amounts
28
Division 4--Miscellaneous
29
192 Prescribed requirements for warranties against defects
30
193 Repairers must comply with prescribed requirements
31
Part 4-3--Offences relating to safety of consumer goods and
32
product related services
33
Division 1--Safety standards
34
194 Supplying etc. consumer goods that do not comply with safety
35
standards
36
195 Supplying etc. product related services that do not comply with
37
safety standards
38
196 Requirement to nominate a safety standard
39
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
12 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
Division 2--Bans on consumer goods and product related
1
services
2
197 Supplying etc. consumer goods covered by a ban
3
198 Supplying etc. product related services covered by a ban
4
Division 3--Recall of consumer goods
5
199 Compliance with recall orders
6
200 Notification by persons who supply consumer goods outside
7
Australia if there is compulsory recall
8
201 Notification requirements for a voluntary recall of consumer
9
goods
10
Division 4--Consumer goods, or product related services,
11
associated with death or serious injury or illness
12
202 Suppliers to report consumer goods etc. associated with the death
13
or serious injury or illness of any person
14
Part 4-4--Offences relating to information standards
15
203 Supplying etc. goods that do not comply with information
16
standards
17
204 Supplying etc. services that do not comply with information
18
standards
19
Part 4-5--Offences relating to substantiation notices
20
205 Compliance with substantiation notices
21
206 False or misleading information etc.
22
Part 4-6--Defences
23
207 Reasonable mistake of fact
24
208 Act or default of another person etc.
25
209 Publication of advertisements in the ordinary course of business
26
210 Supplying goods acquired for the purpose of re-supply
27
211 Supplying services acquired for the purpose of re-supply
28
Part 4-7--Miscellaneous
29
212 Prosecutions to be commenced within 3 years
30
213 Preference must be given to compensation for victims
31
214 Penalties for contraventions of the same nature etc.
32
215 Penalties for previous contraventions of the same nature etc.
33
216 Granting of injunctions etc.
34
217 Criminal proceedings not to be brought for contraventions of
35
Chapter 2 or 3
36
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
13
Chapter 5--Enforcement and remedies
1
Part 5-1--Enforcement
2
Division 1--Undertakings
3
218 Regulator may accept undertakings
4
Division 2--Substantiation notices
5
219 Regulator may require claims to be substantiated etc.
6
220 Extending periods for complying with substantiation notices
7
221 Compliance with substantiation notices
8
222 False or misleading information etc.
9
Division 3--Public warning notices
10
223 Regulator may issue a public warning notice
11
Part 5-2--Remedies
12
Division 1--Pecuniary penalties
13
224 Pecuniary penalties
14
225 Pecuniary penalties and offences
15
226 Defence
16
227 Preference must be given to compensation for victims
17
228 Civil action for recovery of pecuniary penalties
18
229 Indemnification of officers
19
230 Certain indemnities not authorised and certain documents void
20
231 Application of section 229 to a person other than a body
21
corporate
22
Division 2--Injunctions
23
232 Injunctions
24
233 Consent injunctions
25
234 Interim injunctions
26
235 Variation and discharge of injunctions
27
Division 3--Damages
28
236 Actions for damages
29
Division 4--Compensation orders etc. for injured persons and
30
orders for non-party consumers
31
Subdivision A--Compensation orders etc. for injured persons
32
237 Compensation orders etc. on application by an injured person or
33
the regulator
34
238 Compensation orders etc. arising out of other proceedings
35
Subdivision B--Orders for non-party consumers
36
239 Orders to redress etc. loss or damage suffered by non-party
37
consumers
38
Schedule 1 The Australian Consumer Law
14 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
240 Determining whether to make a redress order etc. for non-party
1
consumers
2
241 When a non-party consumer is bound by a redress order etc.
3
Subdivision C--Miscellaneous
4
242 Applications for orders
5
243 Kinds of orders that may be made
6
244 Power of a court to make orders
7
245 Interaction with other provisions
8
Division 5--Other remedies
9
246 Non-punitive orders
10
247 Adverse publicity orders
11
248 Order disqualifying a person from managing corporations
12
249 Privilege against exposure to penalty or forfeiture--
13
disqualification from managing corporations
14
250 Declarations relating to consumer contracts
15
Division 6--Defences
16
251 Publication of advertisement in the ordinary course of business
17
252 Supplying consumer goods for the purpose of re-supply
18
253 Supplying product related services for the purpose of re-supply
19
Part 5-3--Country of origin representations
20
254 Overview
21
255 Country of origin representations do not contravene certain
22
provisions
23
256 Cost of producing or manufacturing goods
24
257 Rules for determining the percentage of costs of production or
25
manufacture attributable to a country
26
258 Proceedings relating to false, misleading or deceptive conduct or
27
representations
28
Part 5-4--Remedies relating to guarantees
29
Division 1--Action against suppliers
30
Subdivision A--Action against suppliers of goods
31
259 Action against suppliers of goods
32
260 When a failure to comply with a guarantee is a major failure
33
261 How suppliers may remedy a failure to comply with a guarantee
34
262 When consumers are not entitled to reject goods
35
263 Consequences of rejecting goods
36
264 Replaced goods
37
265 Termination of contracts for the supply of services that are
38
connected with rejected goods
39
266 Rights of gift recipients
40
Subdivision B--Action against suppliers of services
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267 Action against suppliers of services
1
268 When a failure to comply with a guarantee is a major failure
2
269 Termination of contracts for the supply of services
3
270 Termination of contracts for the supply of goods that are
4
connected with terminated services
5
Division 2--Action for damages against manufacturers of goods
6
271 Action for damages against manufacturers of goods
7
272 Damages that may be recovered by action against manufacturers
8
of goods
9
273 Time limit for actions against manufacturers of goods
10
Division 3--Miscellaneous
11
274 Indemnification of suppliers by manufacturers
12
275 Limitation of liability etc.
13
276 This Part not to be excluded etc. by contract
14
277 Representative actions by the regulator
15
Part 5-5--Liability of suppliers and credit providers
16
Division 1--Linked credit contracts
17
278 Liability of suppliers and linked credit providers relating to
18
linked credit contracts
19
279 Action by consumer to recover amount of loss or damage
20
280 Cases where a linked credit provider is not liable
21
281 Amount of liability of linked credit providers
22
282 Counter-claims and offsets
23
283 Enforcement of judgments etc.
24
284 Award of interest to consumers
25
285 Liability of suppliers to linked credit providers, and of linked
26
credit providers to suppliers
27
286 Joint liability proceedings and recovery under section 135 of the
28
National Credit Code
29
Division 2--Non-linked credit contracts
30
287 Liability of suppliers and credit providers relating to non-linked
31
credit contracts
32
Chapter 1--Introduction
33
1 Application of this Schedule
34
This Schedule applies to the extent provided by:
35
(a) Part XI of the Competition and Consumer Act; or
36
(b) an application law.
37
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16 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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2 Definitions
1
In this Schedule:
2
ABN has the meaning given by section 41 of the A New Tax
3
System (Australian Business Number) Act 1999.
4
acceptable quality: see sections 54(2) to (7).
5
ACN has the meaning given by section 9 of the Corporations Act
6
2001.
7
acquire includes:
8
(a) in relation to goods--acquire by way of purchase, exchange
9
or taking on lease, on hire or on hire-purchase; and
10
(b) in relation to services--accept.
11
Note:
Section 5 deals with when receipt of a donation is an acquisition.
12
adverse publicity order: see section 247(2).
13
affected person, in relation to goods, means:
14
(a) a consumer who acquires the goods; or
15
(b) a person who acquires the goods from the consumer (other
16
than for the purpose of re-supply); or
17
(c) a person who derives title to the goods through or under the
18
consumer.
19
agreement document: see section 78(2).
20
applicable industry code has the meaning given by
21
section 51ACA(1) of the Competition and Consumer Act.
22
application law has the same meaning as in section 140 of the
23
Competition and Consumer Act.
24
article includes a token, card or document.
25
ASIC means the Australian Securities and Investments
26
Commission.
27
assert a right to payment: see section 10(1).
28
authority, in relation to a State or a Territory (including an external
29
Territory), means:
30
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(a) a body corporate established for a purpose of the State or the
1
Territory by or under a law of the State or Territory; or
2
(b) an incorporated company in which the State or the Territory,
3
or a body corporate referred to in paragraph (a), has a
4
controlling interest.
5
authority of the Commonwealth means:
6
(a) a body corporate established for a purpose of the
7
Commonwealth by or under a law of the Commonwealth or a
8
law of a Territory; or
9
(b) an incorporated company in which the Commonwealth, or a
10
body corporate referred to in paragraph (a), has a controlling
11
interest.
12
banker has the same meaning as in section 4(1) of the Competition
13
and Consumer Act.
14
ban period for an interim ban: see section 111(1).
15
business includes a business not carried on for profit.
16
business day, in relation to an unsolicited consumer agreement,
17
means a day that is not:
18
(a) a Saturday or Sunday; or
19
(b) a public holiday in the place where the agreement was made.
20
business or professional relationship includes a relationship
21
between employer and employee, or a similar relationship.
22
call on, in relation to negotiating an unsolicited consumer
23
agreement, does not include call by telephone.
24
Commission has the same meaning as in section 4(1) of the
25
Competition and Consumer Act.
26
Commonwealth mandatory standard, in relation to goods, means a
27
mandatory standard in respect of the goods imposed by a law of the
28
Commonwealth.
29
Commonwealth Minister means the Minister who administers
30
Part XI of the Competition and Consumer Act.
31
Competition and Consumer Act means the Competition and
32
Consumer Act 2010.
33
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18 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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consumer: see section 3.
1
consumer contract: see section 23(3).
2
consumer goods means goods that are intended to be used, or are
3
of a kind likely to be used, for personal, domestic or household use
4
or consumption, and includes any such goods that have become
5
fixtures since the time they were supplied if:
6
(a) a recall notice for the goods has been issued; or
7
(b) a person has voluntarily taken action to recall the goods.
8
continuing credit contract: see section 14(1).
9
contravening conduct: see section 239(1)(a)(i).
10
court, in relation to a matter, means any court having jurisdiction
11
in the matter.
12
covering includes a stopper, glass, bottle, vessel, box, capsule,
13
case, frame or wrapper.
14
credit card: see section 39(5).
15
credit provider means a person providing, or proposing to provide,
16
in the course of a business carried on by the person, credit to
17
consumers in relation to the acquisition of goods or services.
18
dealer: see section 71.
19
debit card: see section 39(6).
20
declared term: see section 239(1)(a)(ii).
21
defective goods action means an action under section 138, 139,
22
140 or 141, and includes such an action because of section 138(3)
23
or 145.
24
disclosed purpose: see section 55(2).
25
displayed price: see sections 47(2) to (5).
26
document includes:
27
(a) a book, plan, paper, parchment or other material on which
28
there is writing or printing, or on which there are marks,
29
symbols or perforations having a meaning for persons
30
qualified to interpret them; and
31
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(b) a disc, tape, paper or other device from which sounds or
1
messages are capable of being reproduced.
2
enforcement proceeding means:
3
(a) a proceeding for an offence against Chapter 4; or
4
(b) a proceeding instituted under Chapter 5 (other than under
5
sections 237 and 239).
6
evidential burden, in relation to a matter, means the burden of
7
adducing or pointing to evidence that suggests a reasonable
8
possibility that the matter exists or does not exist.
9
express warranty, in relation to goods, means an undertaking,
10
assertion or representation:
11
(a) that relates to:
12
(i) the quality, state, condition, performance or
13
characteristics of the goods; or
14
(ii) the provision of services that are or may at any time be
15
required for the goods; or
16
(iii) the supply of parts that are or may at any time be
17
required for the goods; or
18
(iv) the future availability of identical goods, or of goods
19
constituting or forming part of a set of which the goods,
20
in relation to which the undertaking, assertion or
21
representation is given or made, form part; and
22
(b) that is given or made in connection with the supply of the
23
goods, or in connection with the promotion by any means of
24
the supply or use of the goods; and
25
(c) the natural tendency of which is to induce persons to acquire
26
the goods.
27
financial product has the meaning given by section 12BAA of the
28
Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001.
29
financial service has the meaning given by section 12BAB of the
30
Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001.
31
free item includes a free service.
32
goods includes:
33
(a) ships, aircraft and other vehicles; and
34
(b) animals, including fish; and
35
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20 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
(c) minerals, trees and crops, whether on, under or attached to
1
land or not; and
2
(d) gas and electricity; and
3
(e) computer software; and
4
(f) second-hand goods; and
5
(g) any component part of, or accessory to, goods.
6
grown: see section 255(7).
7
GST has the meaning given by section 195-1 of the A New Tax
8
System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999.
9
industry code has the meaning given by section 51ACA of the
10
Competition and Consumer Act.
11
information provider: see sections 19(5) and (6).
12
information standard: see sections 134(1) and 135(1).
13
inner container includes any container into which goods are
14
packed, other than a shipping or airline container, pallet or other
15
similar article.
16
interest, in relation to land, means:
17
(a) a legal or equitable estate or interest in the land; or
18
(b) a right of occupancy of the land, or of a building or part of a
19
building erected on the land, arising by virtue of the holding
20
of shares, or by virtue of a contract to purchase shares, in an
21
incorporated company that owns the land or building; or
22
(c) a right, power or privilege over, or in connection with, the
23
land.
24
interim ban: see sections 109(1) and (2).
25
involved: a person is involved, in a contravention of a provision of
26
this Schedule or in conduct that constitutes such a contravention, if
27
the person:
28
(a) has aided, abetted, counselled or procured the contravention;
29
or
30
(b) has induced, whether by threats or promises or otherwise, the
31
contravention; or
32
(c) has been in any way, directly or indirectly, knowingly
33
concerned in, or party to, the contravention; or
34
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21
(d) has conspired with others to effect the contravention.
1
joint liability proceedings means proceedings relating to the joint
2
and several liability under section 278 of a linked credit provider
3
and a supplier of goods or services.
4
label includes a band or ticket.
5
lay-by agreement: see section 96(3).
6
linked credit contract: see section 278(2).
7
linked credit provider, in relation to a supplier of goods or
8
services, means a credit provider:
9
(a) with whom the supplier has a contract, arrangement or
10
understanding relating to:
11
(i) the supply to the supplier of goods in which the supplier
12
deals; or
13
(ii) the business carried on by the supplier of supplying
14
goods or services; or
15
(iii) the provision to persons to whom goods or services are
16
supplied by the supplier of credit in respect of payment
17
for those goods or services; or
18
(b) to whom the supplier, by arrangement with the credit
19
provider, regularly refers persons for the purpose of obtaining
20
credit; or
21
(c) whose forms of contract, forms of application or offers for
22
credit are, by arrangement with the credit provider, made
23
available to persons by the supplier; or
24
(d) with whom the supplier has a contract, arrangement or
25
understanding under which contracts, applications or offers
26
for credit from the credit provider may be signed by persons
27
at premises of the supplier.
28
listed public company has the meaning given by section 995-1(1)
29
the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997.
30
loan contract means a contract under which a person in the course
31
of a business carried on by that person provides or agrees to
32
provide, whether on one or more occasions, credit to a consumer in
33
one or more of the following ways:
34
(a) by paying an amount to, or in accordance with the
35
instructions of, the consumer;
36
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22 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
(b) by applying an amount in satisfaction or reduction of an
1
amount owed to the person by the consumer;
2
(c) by varying the terms of a contract under which money owed
3
to the person by the consumer is payable;
4
(d) by deferring an obligation of the consumer to pay an amount
5
to the person;
6
(e) by taking from the consumer a bill of exchange or other
7
negotiable instrument on which the consumer (whether alone
8
or with another person or other persons) is liable as drawer,
9
acceptor or endorser.
10
major failure: see sections 260 and 268.
11
mandatory standard, in relation to goods, means a standard:
12
(a) for the goods or anything relating to the goods; and
13
(b) that, under a law of the Commonwealth, a State or a
14
Territory, must be complied with when the goods are
15
supplied by their manufacturer, being a law creating an
16
offence or liability if there is such non-compliance;
17
but does not include a standard which may be complied with by
18
meeting a higher standard.
19
manufacturer: see section 7.
20
market has the same meaning as in section 4E of the Competition
21
and Consumer Act.
22
materials, in relation to goods, means:
23
(a) if the goods are unmanufactured raw products--those
24
products; and
25
(b) if the goods are manufactured goods--all matter or
26
substances used or consumed in the manufacture of the goods
27
(other than matter or substances that are treated as
28
overheads); and
29
(c) in either case--the inner containers in which the goods are
30
packed.
31
National Credit Code has the meaning given by section 5(1) of the
32
National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009.
33
negotiated by telephone: see section 78(3).
34
negotiation: see section 72.
35
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23
new participant: see section 45(2).
1
non-linked credit contract: see section 287(5).
2
non-party consumer means:
3
(a) in relation to conduct referred to in section 239(1)(a)(i)--a
4
person who is not, or has not been, a party to an enforcement
5
proceeding in relation to the conduct; and
6
(b) in relation to a term of a consumer contract referred to in
7
section 239(1)(a)(ii)--a person who is not, or has not been, a
8
party to an enforcement proceeding in relation to the term.
9
participant, in a pyramid scheme, means a person who participates
10
in the scheme.
11
participate, in a pyramid scheme: see section 44(3).
12
participation payment: see section 45(1)(a).
13
permanent ban: see sections 114(1) and (2).
14
premises means:
15
(a) an area of land or any other place (whether or not it is
16
enclosed or built on); or
17
(b) a building or other structure; or
18
(c) a vehicle, vessel or aircraft; or
19
(d) a part of any such premises.
20
price, of goods or services, means:
21
(a) the amount paid or payable (including any charge of any
22
description) for their acquisition; or
23
(b) if such an amount is not specified because the acquisition is
24
part only of a transaction for which a total amount is paid or
25
payable:
26
(i) the lowest amount (including any charge of any
27
description) for which the goods or services could
28
reasonably have been acquired from the supplier at the
29
time of the transaction or, if not from the supplier, from
30
another supplier; or
31
(ii) if they could not reasonably have been acquired
32
separately from another supplier--their value at the time
33
of the transaction.
34
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24 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
prior negotiations or arrangements, in relation to the acquisition
1
of goods by a consumer, means negotiations or arrangements:
2
(a) that were conducted or made with the consumer by another
3
person in the course of a business carried on by the other
4
person; and
5
(b) that induced the consumer to acquire the goods, or otherwise
6
promoted the acquisition of the goods by the consumer.
7
product related service means a service for or relating to:
8
(a) the installation of consumer goods of a particular kind; or
9
(b) the maintenance, repair or cleaning of consumer goods of a
10
particular kind; or
11
(c) the assembly of consumer goods of a particular kind; or
12
(d) the delivery of consumer goods of a particular kind;
13
and, without limiting paragraphs (a) to (d), includes any other
14
service that relates to the supply of consumer goods of that kind.
15
proof of transaction: see section 100(4).
16
publish, in relation to an advertisement, means include in a
17
publication intended for sale or public distribution (whether to the
18
public generally or to a restricted class or number of persons) or for
19
public display (including in an electronic form).
20
pyramid scheme: see section 45(1).
21
recall notice: see section 122(1).
22
recovery period: see section 41(4).
23
recruitment payment: see section 45(1)(b).
24
regulations means regulations made under section 139G of the
25
Competition and Consumer Act.
26
regulator:
27
(a) for the purposes of the application of this Schedule as a law
28
of the Commonwealth--means the Commission; or
29
(b) for the purposes of the application of this Schedule as a law
30
of a State or a Territory--has the meaning given by the
31
application law of the State or Territory.
32
rejection period: see section 262(2).
33
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25
related, in relation to a body corporate: see section 6.
1
related contract or instrument: see section 83(2).
2
rely on, in relation to a term of a consumer contract, includes the
3
following:
4
(a) attempt to enforce the term;
5
(b) attempt to exercise a right conferred, or purportedly
6
conferred, by the term;
7
(c) assert the existence of a right conferred, or purportedly
8
conferred, by the term.
9
responsible Minister means:
10
(a) the Commonwealth Minister; or
11
(b) the Minister of a State who administers the application law of
12
the State; or
13
(c) the Minister of a Territory who administers the application
14
law of the Territory.
15
safety defect, in relation to goods: see section 9.
16
safety standard: see sections 104(1) and 105(1).
17
sale by auction, in relation to the supply of goods by a person,
18
means a sale by auction that is conducted by an agent of the person
19
(whether the agent acts in person or by electronic means).
20
send includes deliver, and sent and sender have corresponding
21
meanings.
22
serious injury or illness means an acute physical injury or illness
23
that requires medical or surgical treatment by, or under the
24
supervision of, a medical practitioner or a nurse (whether or not in
25
a hospital, clinic or similar place), but does not include:
26
(a) an ailment, disorder, defect or morbid condition (whether of
27
sudden onset or gradual development); or
28
(b) the recurrence, or aggravation, of such an ailment, disorder,
29
defect or morbid condition.
30
services includes:
31
(a) any rights (including rights in relation to, and interests in,
32
real or personal property), benefits, privileges or facilities
33
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26 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
that are, or are to be, provided, granted or conferred in trade
1
or commerce; and
2
(b) without limiting paragraph (a), the rights, benefits, privileges
3
or facilities that are, or are to be, provided, granted or
4
conferred under:
5
(i) a contract for or in relation to the performance of work
6
(including work of a professional nature), whether with
7
or without the supply of goods; or
8
(ii) a contract for or in relation to the provision of, or the
9
use or enjoyment of facilities for, amusement,
10
entertainment, recreation or instruction; or
11
(iii) a contract for or in relation to the conferring of rights,
12
benefits or privileges for which remuneration is payable
13
in the form of a royalty, tribute, levy or similar exaction;
14
or
15
(iv) a contract of insurance; or
16
(v) a contract between a banker and a customer of the
17
banker entered into in the course of the carrying on by
18
the banker of the business of banking; or
19
(vi) any contract for or in relation to the lending of money;
20
but does not include rights or benefits being the supply of goods or
21
the performance of work under a contract of service.
22
share includes stock.
23
ship has the meaning given by section 3(1) of the Admiralty Act
24
1988.
25
single price: see section 48(7).
26
substantially transformed, in relation to goods: see section 255(3).
27
substantiation notice means a notice under section 219.
28
substantiation notice compliance period: see section 221(2).
29
supply, when used as a verb, includes:
30
(a) in relation to goods--supply (including re-supply) by way of
31
sale, exchange, lease, hire or hire-purchase; and
32
(b) in relation to services--provide, grant or confer;
33
and, when used as a noun, has a corresponding meaning, and
34
supplied and supplier have corresponding meanings.
35
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27
Note:
Section 5 deals with when a donation is a supply.
1
supply of limited title: see section 51(2).
2
telecommunications service: see section 65(2).
3
termination charge: see section 97(2).
4
termination period, in relation to an unsolicited consumer
5
agreement, means the period within which the consumer under the
6
agreement is, under section 82 or under the agreement, entitled to
7
terminate the agreement.
8
tied continuing credit contract means a continuing credit contract
9
under which a credit provider provides credit in respect of the
10
payment by a consumer for goods or services supplied by a
11
supplier in relation to whom the credit provider is a linked credit
12
provider.
13
tied loan contract means a loan contract entered into between a
14
credit provider and a consumer where:
15
(a) the credit provider knows, or ought reasonably to know, that
16
the consumer enters into the loan contract wholly or partly
17
for the purposes of payment for goods or services supplied by
18
a supplier; and
19
(b) at the time the loan contract is entered into the credit provider
20
is a linked credit provider of the supplier.
21
trade or commerce means:
22
(a) trade or commerce within Australia; or
23
(b) trade or commerce between Australia and places outside
24
Australia;
25
and includes any business or professional activity (whether or not
26
carried on for profit).
27
transparent:
28
(a) in relation to a document--means:
29
(i) expressed in reasonably plain language; and
30
(ii)
legible;
and
31
(iii) presented clearly; and
32
(b) in relation to a term of a consumer contract--see
33
section 24(3).
34
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28 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
unfair, in relation to a term of a consumer contract: see
1
section 24(1).
2
unsolicited consumer agreement: see section 69.
3
unsolicited goods means goods sent to a person without any
4
request made by the person or on his or her behalf.
5
unsolicited services means services supplied to a person without
6
any request made by the person or on his or her behalf.
7
upfront price: see section 26(2).
8
warranty against defects: see section 102(3).
9
3 Meaning of consumer
10
(1) A person is taken to have acquired particular goods as a consumer
11
if, and only if:
12
(a) the goods were of a kind ordinarily acquired for personal,
13
domestic or household use or consumption; or
14
(b) the goods consisted of a vehicle or trailer acquired for use
15
principally in the transport of goods on public roads.
16
(2) However, subsection (1) does not apply if the person acquired the
17
goods, or held himself or herself out as acquiring the goods:
18
(a) for the purpose of re-supply; or
19
(b) for the purpose of using them up or transforming them, in
20
trade or commerce:
21
(i) in the course of a process of production or manufacture;
22
or
23
(ii) in the course of repairing or treating other goods or
24
fixtures on land.
25
(3) A person is taken to have acquired particular services as a
26
consumer if, and only if, the services were of a kind ordinarily
27
acquired for personal, domestic or household use or consumption.
28
(4) If it is alleged in any proceeding under this Schedule, or in any
29
other proceeding in respect of a matter arising under this Schedule,
30
that a person was a consumer in relation to particular goods or
31
services, it is to be presumed, unless the contrary is established,
32
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29
that the person was a consumer in relation to those goods or
1
services.
2
(5) In this Schedule, a reference to a supply of goods or services to a
3
consumer is a reference to a supply of goods or services to a person
4
who is taken to have acquired them as a consumer.
5
4 Misleading representations with respect to future matters
6
(1)
If:
7
(a) a person makes a representation with respect to any future
8
matter (including the doing of, or the refusing to do, any act);
9
and
10
(b) the person does not have reasonable grounds for making the
11
representation;
12
the representation is taken, for the purposes of this Schedule, to be
13
misleading.
14
(2) For the purposes of applying subsection (1) in relation to a
15
proceeding concerning a representation made with respect to a
16
future matter by:
17
(a) a party to the proceeding; or
18
(b) any other person;
19
the party or other person is taken not to have had reasonable
20
grounds for making the representation, unless evidence is adduced
21
to the contrary.
22
(3) To avoid doubt, subsection (2) does not:
23
(a) have the effect that, merely because such evidence to the
24
contrary is adduced, the person who made the representation
25
is taken to have had reasonable grounds for making the
26
representation; or
27
(b) have the effect of placing on any person an onus of proving
28
that the person who made the representation had reasonable
29
grounds for making the representation.
30
(4) Subsection (1) does not limit by implication the meaning of a
31
reference in this Schedule to:
32
(a) a misleading representation; or
33
(b) a representation that is misleading in a material particular; or
34
(c) conduct that is misleading or is likely or liable to mislead;
35
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and, in particular, does not imply that a representation that a person
1
makes with respect to any future matter is not misleading merely
2
because the person has reasonable grounds for making the
3
representation.
4
5 When donations are treated as supplies or acquisitions
5
(1) For the purposes of this Schedule, other than Parts 3-3, 3-4, 4-3
6
and 4-4:
7
(a) a donation of goods or services is not treated as a supply of
8
the goods or services unless the donation is for promotional
9
purposes; and
10
(b) receipt of a donation of goods or services is not treated as an
11
acquisition of the goods or services unless the donation is for
12
promotional purposes.
13
(2) For the purposes of Parts 3-3, 3-4, 4-3 and 4-4:
14
(a) any donation of goods or services is treated as a supply of the
15
goods or services; and
16
(b) receipt of any donation of goods or services is treated as an
17
acquisition of the goods or services.
18
6 Related bodies corporate
19
(1) A body corporate is taken to be related to another body corporate if
20
the bodies corporate would, under section 4A(5) of the
21
Competition and Consumer Act, be deemed to be related to each
22
other.
23
(2) In proceedings under this Schedule, it is presumed, unless the
24
contrary is established, that bodies corporate are not, or were not at
25
a particular time, related to each other.
26
7 Meaning of manufacturer
27
(1)
A
manufacturer includes the following:
28
(a) a person who grows, extracts, produces, processes or
29
assembles goods;
30
(b) a person who holds himself or herself out to the public as the
31
manufacturer of goods;
32
(c) a person who causes or permits the name of the person, a
33
name by which the person carries on business or a brand or
34
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mark of the person to be applied to goods supplied by the
1
person;
2
(d) a person (the first person) who causes or permits another
3
person, in connection with:
4
(i) the supply or possible supply of goods by that other
5
person; or
6
(ii) the promotion by that other person by any means of the
7
supply or use of goods;
8
to hold out the first person to the public as the manufacturer
9
of the goods;
10
(e) a person who imports goods into Australia if:
11
(i) the person is not the manufacturer of the goods; and
12
(ii) at the time of the importation, the manufacturer of the
13
goods does not have a place of business in Australia.
14
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(c):
15
(a) a name, brand or mark is taken to be applied to goods if:
16
(i) it is woven in, impressed on, worked into or annexed or
17
affixed to the goods; or
18
(ii) it is applied to a covering, label, reel or thing in or with
19
which the goods are supplied; and
20
(b) if the name of a person, a name by which a person carries on
21
business or a brand or mark of a person is applied to goods, it
22
is presumed, unless the contrary is established, that the
23
person caused or permitted the name, brand or mark to be
24
applied to the goods.
25
(3) If goods are imported into Australia on behalf of a person, the
26
person is taken, for the purposes of paragraph (1)(e), to have
27
imported the goods into Australia.
28
8 Goods affixed to land or premises
29
For the purposes of this Schedule, goods are taken to be supplied to
30
a consumer even if they are affixed to land or premises at the time
31
of the supply.
32
9 Meaning of safety defect in relation to goods
33
(1) For the purposes of this Schedule, goods have a safety defect if
34
their safety is not such as persons generally are entitled to expect.
35
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(2) In determining the extent of the safety of goods, regard is to be
1
given to all relevant circumstances, including:
2
(a) the manner in which, and the purposes for which, they have
3
been marketed; and
4
(b) their packaging; and
5
(c) the use of any mark in relation to them; and
6
(d) any instructions for, or warnings with respect to, doing, or
7
refraining from doing, anything with or in relation to them;
8
and
9
(e) what might reasonably be expected to be done with or in
10
relation to them; and
11
(f) the time when they were supplied by their manufacturer.
12
(3) An inference that goods have a safety defect is not to be made only
13
because of the fact that, after they were supplied by their
14
manufacturer, safer goods of the same kind were supplied.
15
(4) An inference that goods have a safety defect is not to be made only
16
because:
17
(a) there was compliance with a Commonwealth mandatory
18
standard for them; and
19
(b) that standard was not the safest possible standard having
20
regard to the latest state of scientific or technical knowledge
21
when they were supplied by their manufacturer.
22
10 Asserting a right to payment
23
(1) A person is taken to assert a right to payment from another person
24
if the person:
25
(a) makes a demand for the payment or asserts a present or
26
prospective right to the payment; or
27
(b) threatens to bring any legal proceedings with a view to
28
obtaining the payment; or
29
(c) places or causes to be placed the name of the other person on
30
a list of defaulters or debtors, or threatens to do so, with a
31
view to obtaining the payment; or
32
(d) invokes or causes to be invoked any other collection
33
procedure, or threatens to do so, with a view to obtaining the
34
payment; or
35
(e) sends any invoice or other document that:
36
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(i) states the amount of the payment; or
1
(ii) sets out the price of unsolicited goods or unsolicited
2
services; or
3
(iii) sets out the charge for placing, in a publication, an entry
4
or advertisement;
5
and does not contain a statement, to the effect that the
6
document is not an assertion of a right to a payment, that
7
complies with any requirements prescribed by the
8
regulations.
9
(2) For the purposes of this section, an invoice or other document
10
purporting to have been sent by or on behalf of a person is taken to
11
have been sent by that person unless the contrary is established.
12
11 References to acquisition, supply and re-supply
13
In this Schedule:
14
(a) a reference to the acquisition of goods includes a reference to
15
the acquisition of property in, or rights in relation to, goods
16
pursuant to a supply of the goods; and
17
(b) a reference to the supply or acquisition of goods or services
18
includes a reference to agreeing to supply or acquire goods or
19
services; and
20
(c) a reference to the supply or acquisition of goods includes a
21
reference to the supply or acquisition of goods together with
22
other property or services, or both; and
23
(d) a reference to the supply or acquisition of services includes a
24
reference to the supply or acquisition of services together
25
with property or other services, or both; and
26
(e) a reference to the re-supply of goods acquired from a person
27
includes a reference to:
28
(i) a supply of the goods to another person in an altered
29
form or condition; and
30
(ii) a supply to another person of goods in which the
31
first-mentioned goods have been incorporated; and
32
(f) a reference to the re-supply of services (the original services)
33
acquired from a person (the original supplier) includes a
34
reference to:
35
(i) a supply of the original services to another person in an
36
altered form or condition; and
37
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34 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(ii) a supply to another person of other services that are
1
substantially similar to the original services, and could
2
not have been supplied if the original services had not
3
been acquired by the person who acquired them from
4
the original supplier.
5
12 Application of Schedule in relation to leases and licences of land
6
and buildings
7
In this Schedule:
8
(a) a reference to a contract includes a reference to a lease of, or
9
a licence in respect of, land or a building or part of a building
10
(despite the express references in this Schedule to such leases
11
or licences); and
12
(b) a reference to making or entering into a contract, in relation
13
to such a lease or licence, is a reference to granting or taking
14
the lease or licence; and
15
(c) a reference to a party to a contract, in relation to such a lease
16
or licence, includes a reference to any person bound by, or
17
entitled to the benefit of, any provision contained in the lease
18
or licence.
19
13 Loss or damage to include injury
20
In this Schedule:
21
(a) a reference to loss or damage, other than a reference to the
22
amount of any loss or damage, includes a reference to injury;
23
and
24
(b) a reference to the amount of any loss or damage includes a
25
reference to damages in respect of an injury.
26
14 Meaning of continuing credit contract
27
(1)
If:
28
(a) a person (the creditor), in the course of a business carried on
29
by the creditor, agrees with a consumer to provide credit to
30
the consumer in relation to:
31
(i) payment for goods or services; or
32
(ii) cash supplied by the creditor to the consumer from time
33
to time; or
34
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(iii) payment by the creditor to another person in relation to
1
goods or services, or cash, supplied by that other person
2
to the consumer from time to time; and
3
(b)
the
creditor:
4
(i) has an agreement, arrangement or understanding (the
5
credit agreement) with the consumer in relation to the
6
provision of the credit; or
7
(ii) is engaged in a course of dealing (the credit dealing)
8
with the consumer in relation to the provision of the
9
credit; and
10
(c) the amounts owing to the creditor from time to time under the
11
credit agreement or credit dealing are, or are to be, calculated
12
on the basis that:
13
(i) all amounts owing; and
14
(ii) all payments made;
15
by the consumer under, or in respect of, the credit agreement
16
or credit dealing are entered in one or more accounts kept for
17
the purpose of that agreement or dealing;
18
the credit agreement or credit dealing is taken, for the purposes of
19
this Schedule, to be a continuing credit contract.
20
(2) If subsection (1)(a)(iii) applies, the creditor is taken, for the
21
purposes of this section, to have provided credit to the consumer in
22
relation to any goods or services, or cash, supplied by another
23
person to the consumer to the extent of any payments made, or to
24
be made, by the creditor to that other person.
25
15 Contraventions of this Schedule
26
Conduct is not taken, for the purposes of this Schedule, to
27
contravene a provision of this Schedule merely because of the
28
application of:
29
(a) section 23(1); or
30
(b) a provision of Division 1 of Part 3-2 (other than
31
section 66(2)); or
32
(c) a provision of Part 3-5.
33
16 Severability
34
(1) If the making of a contract after the commencement of this section
35
contravenes this Schedule because the contract includes a
36
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36 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
particular provision, nothing in this Schedule affects the validity or
1
enforceability of the contract otherwise than in relation to that
2
provision, so far as that provision is severable.
3
(2) This section has effect subject to any order made under Division 4
4
of Part 5-2.
5
17 References to provisions in this Schedule
6
In this Schedule, a reference to a provision is a reference to a
7
provision of this Schedule, unless the contrary intention appears.
8
9
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Chapter 2--General protections
1
Part 2-1--Misleading or deceptive conduct
2
3
18 Misleading or deceptive conduct
4
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, engage in conduct that is
5
misleading or deceptive or is likely to mislead or deceive.
6
(2) Nothing in Part 3-1 (which is about unfair practices) limits by
7
implication subsection (1).
8
Note:
For rules relating to representations as to the country of origin of
9
goods, see Part 5-3.
10
19 Application of this Part to information providers
11
(1) This Part does not apply to a publication of matter by an
12
information provider if:
13
(a) in any case--the information provider made the publication
14
in the course of carrying on a business of providing
15
information; or
16
(b) if the information provider is the Australian Broadcasting
17
Corporation, the Special Broadcasting Service Corporation or
18
the holder of a licence granted under the Broadcasting
19
Services Act 1992--the publication was by way of a radio or
20
television broadcast by the information provider.
21
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of an advertisement.
22
(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of matter in
23
connection with the supply or possible supply of, or the promotion
24
by any means of the supply or use of, goods or services (the
25
publicised goods or services), if:
26
(a) the publicised goods or services were goods or services of a
27
kind supplied by the information provider or, if the
28
information provider is a body corporate, by a body corporate
29
that is related to the information provider; or
30
(b) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
31
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a person who
32
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38 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
supplies goods or services of the same kind as the publicised
1
goods or services; or
2
(c) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
3
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a body
4
corporate that is related to a body corporate that supplies
5
goods or services of the same kind as the publicised goods or
6
services.
7
(4) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of matter in
8
connection with the sale or grant, or possible sale or grant, of, or
9
the promotion by any means of the sale or grant of, interests in land
10
(the publicised interests in land), if:
11
(a) the publicised interests in land were interests of a kind sold or
12
granted by the information provider or, if the information
13
provider is a body corporate, by a body corporate that is
14
related to the information provider; or
15
(b) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
16
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a person who
17
sells or grants interests of the same kind as the publicised
18
interests in land; or
19
(c) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
20
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a body
21
corporate that is related to a body corporate that sells or
22
grants interests of the same kind as the publicised interests in
23
land.
24
(5)
An
information provider is a person who carries on a business of
25
providing information.
26
(6) Without limiting subsection (5), each of the following is an
27
information provider:
28
(a) the holder of a licence granted under the Broadcasting
29
Services Act 1992;
30
(b) a person who is the provider of a broadcasting service under
31
a class licence under that Act;
32
(c) the holder of a licence continued in force by section 5(1) of
33
the Broadcasting Services (Transitional Provisions and
34
Consequential Amendments) Act 1992;
35
(d) the Australian Broadcasting Corporation;
36
(e) the Special Broadcasting Service Corporation.
37
38
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Part 2-2--Unconscionable conduct
1
2
20 Unconscionable conduct within the meaning of the unwritten law
3
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, engage in conduct that is
4
unconscionable, within the meaning of the unwritten law from time
5
to time.
6
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
7
subsection.
8
(2) This section does not apply to conduct that is prohibited by
9
section 21 or 22.
10
21 Unconscionable conduct
11
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, in connection with the
12
supply or possible supply of goods or services to another person,
13
engage in conduct that is, in all the circumstances, unconscionable.
14
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
15
subsection.
16
(2) Without in any way limiting the matters to which the court may
17
have regard for the purpose of determining whether a person (the
18
supplier) has contravened subsection (1) in connection with the
19
supply or possible supply of goods or services to another person
20
(the consumer), the court may have regard to:
21
(a) the relative strengths of the bargaining positions of the
22
supplier and the consumer; and
23
(b) whether, as a result of conduct engaged in by the person, the
24
consumer was required to comply with conditions that were
25
not reasonably necessary for the protection of the legitimate
26
interests of the supplier; and
27
(c) whether the consumer was able to understand any documents
28
relating to the supply or possible supply of the goods or
29
services; and
30
(d) whether any undue influence or pressure was exerted on, or
31
any unfair tactics were used against, the consumer or a
32
person acting on behalf of the consumer by the supplier or a
33
person acting on behalf of the supplier in relation to the
34
supply or possible supply of the goods or services; and
35
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40 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
(e) the amount for which, and the circumstances under which,
1
the consumer could have acquired identical or equivalent
2
goods or services from a person other than the supplier.
3
(3) A person is not to be taken for the purposes of this section to
4
engage in unconscionable conduct in connection with the supply or
5
possible supply of goods or services to a person by reason only that
6
the person institutes legal proceedings in relation to that supply or
7
possible supply or refers a dispute or claim in relation to that
8
supply or possible supply to arbitration.
9
(4) For the purpose of determining whether a person has contravened
10
subsection (1) in connection with the supply or possible supply of
11
goods or services to another person:
12
(a) the court must not have regard to any circumstances that
13
were not reasonably foreseeable at the time of the alleged
14
contravention; and
15
(b) the court may have regard to conduct engaged in, or
16
circumstances existing, before the commencement of this
17
section.
18
(5) A reference in this section to goods or services is a reference to
19
goods or services of a kind ordinarily acquired for personal,
20
domestic or household use or consumption.
21
(6) A reference in this section to the supply or possible supply of
22
goods does not include a reference to the supply or possible supply
23
of goods for the purpose of re-supply or for the purpose of using
24
them up or transforming them in trade or commerce.
25
(7) Section 4 applies for the purposes of this section in the same way
26
as it applies for the purposes of Division 1 of Part 3-1.
27
22 Unconscionable conduct in business transactions
28
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, in connection with:
29
(a) the supply or possible supply of goods or services to another
30
person (other than a listed public company); or
31
(b) the acquisition or possible acquisition of goods or services
32
from another person (other than a listed public company);
33
engage in conduct that is, in all the circumstances, unconscionable.
34
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
35
subsection.
36
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(2) Without in any way limiting the matters to which the court may
1
have regard for the purpose of determining whether a person (the
2
supplier) has contravened subsection (1) in connection with the
3
supply or possible supply of goods or services to another person
4
(the business consumer), the court may have regard to:
5
(a) the relative strengths of the bargaining positions of the
6
supplier and the business consumer; and
7
(b) whether, as a result of conduct engaged in by the supplier, the
8
business consumer was required to comply with conditions
9
that were not reasonably necessary for the protection of the
10
legitimate interests of the supplier; and
11
(c) whether the business consumer was able to understand any
12
documents relating to the supply or possible supply of the
13
goods or services; and
14
(d) whether any undue influence or pressure was exerted on, or
15
any unfair tactics were used against, the business consumer
16
or a person acting on behalf of the business consumer by the
17
supplier or a person acting on behalf of the supplier in
18
relation to the supply or possible supply of the goods or
19
services; and
20
(e) the amount for which, and the circumstances under which,
21
the business consumer could have acquired identical or
22
equivalent goods or services from a person other than the
23
supplier; and
24
(f) the extent to which the supplier's conduct towards the
25
business consumer was consistent with the supplier's conduct
26
in similar transactions between the supplier and other like
27
business consumers; and
28
(g) the requirements of any applicable industry code; and
29
(h) the requirements of any other industry code, if the business
30
consumer acted on the reasonable belief that the supplier
31
would comply with that code; and
32
(i) the extent to which the supplier unreasonably failed to
33
disclose to the business consumer:
34
(i) any intended conduct of the supplier that might affect
35
the interests of the business consumer; and
36
(ii) any risks to the business consumer arising from the
37
supplier's intended conduct (being risks that the
38
supplier should have foreseen would not be apparent to
39
the business consumer); and
40
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42 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
2010
(j) if there is a contract between the supplier and the business
1
consumer for the supply of the goods or services:
2
(i) the extent to which the supplier was willing to negotiate
3
the terms and conditions of the contract with the
4
business consumer; and
5
(ii) the terms and conditions of the contract; and
6
(iii) the conduct of the supplier and the business consumer in
7
complying with the terms and conditions of the contract;
8
and
9
(iv) any conduct that the supplier or the business consumer
10
engaged in, in connection with their commercial
11
relationship, after they entered into the contract; and
12
(k) without limiting paragraph (j), whether the supplier has a
13
contractual right to vary unilaterally a term or condition of a
14
contract between the supplier and the business consumer for
15
the supply of the goods or services; and
16
(l) the extent to which the supplier and the business consumer
17
acted in good faith.
18
(3) Without in any way limiting the matters to which the court may
19
have regard for the purpose of determining whether a person (the
20
acquirer) has contravened subsection (1) in connection with the
21
acquisition or possible acquisition of goods or services from
22
another person (the small business supplier), the court may have
23
regard to:
24
(a) the relative strengths of the bargaining positions of the
25
acquirer and the small business supplier; and
26
(b) whether, as a result of conduct engaged in by the acquirer,
27
the small business supplier was required to comply with
28
conditions that were not reasonably necessary for the
29
protection of the legitimate interests of the acquirer; and
30
(c) whether the small business supplier was able to understand
31
any documents relating to the acquisition or possible
32
acquisition of the goods or services; and
33
(d) whether any undue influence or pressure was exerted on, or
34
any unfair tactics were used against, the small business
35
supplier or a person acting on behalf of the small business
36
supplier by the acquirer or a person acting on behalf of the
37
acquirer in relation to the acquisition or possible acquisition
38
of the goods or services; and
39
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(e) the amount for which, and the circumstances in which, the
1
small business supplier could have supplied identical or
2
equivalent goods or services to a person other than the
3
acquirer; and
4
(f) the extent to which the acquirer's conduct towards the small
5
business supplier was consistent with the acquirer's conduct
6
in similar transactions between the acquirer and other like
7
small business suppliers; and
8
(g) the requirements of any applicable industry code; and
9
(h) the requirements of any other industry code, if the small
10
business supplier acted on the reasonable belief that the
11
acquirer would comply with that code; and
12
(i) the extent to which the acquirer unreasonably failed to
13
disclose to the small business supplier:
14
(i) any intended conduct of the acquirer that might affect
15
the interests of the small business supplier; and
16
(ii) any risks to the small business supplier arising from the
17
acquirer's intended conduct (being risks that the
18
acquirer should have foreseen would not be apparent to
19
the small business supplier); and
20
(j) if there is a contract between the acquirer and the small
21
business supplier for the acquisition of the goods or services:
22
(i) the extent to which the acquirer was willing to negotiate
23
the terms and conditions of the contract with the small
24
business supplier; and
25
(ii) the terms and conditions of the contract; and
26
(iii) the conduct of the acquirer and the small business
27
supplier in complying with the terms and conditions of
28
the contract; and
29
(iv) any conduct that the acquirer or the small business
30
supplier engaged in, in connection with their
31
commercial relationship, after they entered into the
32
contract; and
33
(k) without limiting paragraph (j), whether the acquirer has a
34
contractual right to vary unilaterally a term or condition of a
35
contract between the acquirer and the small business supplier
36
for the acquisition of the goods or services; and
37
(l) the extent to which the acquirer and the small business
38
supplier acted in good faith.
39
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(4) A person is not to be taken for the purposes of this section to
1
engage in unconscionable conduct in connection with:
2
(a) the supply or possible supply of goods or services to another
3
person; or
4
(b) the acquisition or possible acquisition of goods or services
5
from another person;
6
by reason only that the first-mentioned person institutes legal
7
proceedings in relation to that supply, possible supply, acquisition
8
or possible acquisition or refers to arbitration a dispute or claim in
9
relation to that supply, possible supply, acquisition or possible
10
acquisition.
11
(5) For the purpose of determining whether a person has contravened
12
subsection (1):
13
(a) the court must not have regard to any circumstances that
14
were not reasonably foreseeable at the time of the alleged
15
contravention; and
16
(b) the court may have regard to circumstances existing before
17
the commencement of this section but not to conduct engaged
18
in before that commencement.
19
(6) A reference in this section to the supply or possible supply of
20
goods or services is a reference to the supply or possible supply of
21
goods or services to a person whose acquisition or possible
22
acquisition of the goods or services is or would be for the purpose
23
of trade or commerce.
24
(7) A reference in this section to the acquisition or possible acquisition
25
of goods or services is a reference to the acquisition or possible
26
acquisition of goods or services by a person whose acquisition or
27
possible acquisition of the goods or services is or would be for the
28
purpose of trade or commerce.
29
(8) Section 4 applies for the purposes of this section in the same way
30
as it applies for the purposes of Division 1 of Part 3-1.
31
32
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Part 2-3--Unfair contract terms
1
2
23 Unfair terms of consumer contracts
3
(1) A term of a consumer contract is void if:
4
(a) the term is unfair; and
5
(b) the contract is a standard form contract.
6
(2) The contract continues to bind the parties if it is capable of
7
operating without the unfair term.
8
(3)
A
consumer contract is a contract for:
9
(a) a supply of goods or services; or
10
(b) a sale or grant of an interest in land;
11
to an individual whose acquisition of the goods, services or interest
12
is wholly or predominantly for personal, domestic or household use
13
or consumption.
14
24 Meaning of unfair
15
(1) A term of a consumer contract is unfair if:
16
(a) it would cause a significant imbalance in the parties' rights
17
and obligations arising under the contract; and
18
(b) it is not reasonably necessary in order to protect the
19
legitimate interests of the party who would be advantaged by
20
the term; and
21
(c) it would cause detriment (whether financial or otherwise) to a
22
party if it were to be applied or relied on.
23
(2) In determining whether a term of a consumer contract is unfair
24
under subsection (1), a court may take into account such matters as
25
it thinks relevant, but must take into account the following:
26
(a) the extent to which the term is transparent;
27
(b) the contract as a whole.
28
(3) A term is transparent if the term is:
29
(a) expressed in reasonably plain language; and
30
(b)
legible;
and
31
(c) presented clearly; and
32
(d) readily available to any party affected by the term.
33
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(4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b), a term of a consumer
1
contract is presumed not to be reasonably necessary in order to
2
protect the legitimate interests of the party who would be
3
advantaged by the term, unless that party proves otherwise.
4
25 Examples of unfair terms
5
Without limiting section 24, the following are examples of the
6
kinds of terms of a consumer contract that may be unfair:
7
(a) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
8
(but not another party) to avoid or limit performance of the
9
contract;
10
(b) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
11
(but not another party) to terminate the contract;
12
(c) a term that penalises, or has the effect of penalising, one
13
party (but not another party) for a breach or termination of
14
the contract;
15
(d) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
16
(but not another party) to vary the terms of the contract;
17
(e) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
18
(but not another party) to renew or not renew the contract;
19
(f) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
20
to vary the upfront price payable under the contract without
21
the right of another party to terminate the contract;
22
(g) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
23
unilaterally to vary the characteristics of the goods or
24
services to be supplied, or the interest in land to be sold or
25
granted, under the contract;
26
(h) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
27
unilaterally to determine whether the contract has been
28
breached or to interpret its meaning;
29
(i) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, one party's
30
vicarious liability for its agents;
31
(j) a term that permits, or has the effect of permitting, one party
32
to assign the contract to the detriment of another party
33
without that other party's consent;
34
(k) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, one party's
35
right to sue another party;
36
(l) a term that limits, or has the effect of limiting, the evidence
37
one party can adduce in proceedings relating to the contract;
38
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(m) a term that imposes, or has the effect of imposing, the
1
evidential burden on one party in proceedings relating to the
2
contract;
3
(n) a term of a kind, or a term that has an effect of a kind,
4
prescribed by the regulations.
5
26 Terms that define main subject matter of consumer contracts etc.
6
are unaffected
7
(1) Section 23 does not apply to a term of a consumer contract to the
8
extent, but only to the extent, that the term:
9
(a) defines the main subject matter of the contract; or
10
(b) sets the upfront price payable under the contract; or
11
(c) is a term required, or expressly permitted, by a law of the
12
Commonwealth, a State or a Territory.
13
(2)
The
upfront price payable under a consumer contract is the
14
consideration that:
15
(a) is provided, or is to be provided, for the supply, sale or grant
16
under the contract; and
17
(b) is disclosed at or before the time the contract is entered into;
18
but does not include any other consideration that is contingent on
19
the occurrence or non-occurrence of a particular event.
20
27 Standard form contracts
21
(1) If a party to a proceeding alleges that a contract is a standard form
22
contract, it is presumed to be a standard form contract unless
23
another party to the proceeding proves otherwise.
24
(2) In determining whether a contract is a standard form contract, a
25
court may take into account such matters as it thinks relevant, but
26
must take into account the following:
27
(a) whether one of the parties has all or most of the bargaining
28
power relating to the transaction;
29
(b) whether the contract was prepared by one party before any
30
discussion relating to the transaction occurred between the
31
parties;
32
(c) whether another party was, in effect, required either to accept
33
or reject the terms of the contract (other than the terms
34
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referred to in section 26(1)) in the form in which they were
1
presented;
2
(d) whether another party was given an effective opportunity to
3
negotiate the terms of the contract that were not the terms
4
referred to in section 26(1);
5
(e) whether the terms of the contract (other than the terms
6
referred to in section 26(1)) take into account the specific
7
characteristics of another party or the particular transaction;
8
(f) any other matter prescribed by the regulations.
9
28 Contracts to which this Part does not apply
10
(1) This Part does not apply to:
11
(a) a contract of marine salvage or towage; or
12
(b) a charterparty of a ship; or
13
(c) a contract for the carriage of goods by ship.
14
(2) Without limiting subsection (1)(c), the reference in that subsection
15
to a contract for the carriage of goods by ship includes a reference
16
to any contract covered by a sea carriage document within the
17
meaning of the amended Hague Rules referred to in section 7(1) of
18
the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1991.
19
(3) This Part does not apply to a contract that is the constitution
20
(within the meaning of section 9 of the Corporations Act 2001) of
21
a company, managed investment scheme or other kind of body.
22
23
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Chapter 3--Specific protections
1
Part 3-1--Unfair practices
2
Division 1--False or misleading representations etc.
3
29 False or misleading representations about goods or services
4
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, in connection with the
5
supply or possible supply of goods or services or in connection
6
with the promotion by any means of the supply or use of goods or
7
services:
8
(a) make a false or misleading representation that goods are of a
9
particular standard, quality, value, grade, composition, style
10
or model or have had a particular history or particular
11
previous use; or
12
(b) make a false or misleading representation that services are of
13
a particular standard, quality, value or grade; or
14
(c) make a false or misleading representation that goods are new;
15
or
16
(d) make a false or misleading representation that a particular
17
person has agreed to acquire goods or services; or
18
(e) make a false or misleading representation that purports to be
19
a testimonial by any person relating to goods or services; or
20
(f) make a false or misleading representation concerning:
21
(i) a testimonial by any person; or
22
(ii) a representation that purports to be such a testimonial;
23
relating to goods or services; or
24
(g) make a false or misleading representation that goods or
25
services have sponsorship, approval, performance
26
characteristics, accessories, uses or benefits; or
27
(h) make a false or misleading representation that the person
28
making the representation has a sponsorship, approval or
29
affiliation; or
30
(i) make a false or misleading representation with respect to the
31
price of goods or services; or
32
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(j) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
1
availability of facilities for the repair of goods or of spare
2
parts for goods; or
3
(k) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
4
place of origin of goods; or
5
(l) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
6
need for any goods or services; or
7
(m) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
8
existence, exclusion or effect of any condition, warranty,
9
guarantee, right or remedy (including a guarantee under
10
Division 1 of Part 3-2); or
11
(n) make a false or misleading representation concerning a
12
requirement to pay for a contractual right that:
13
(i) is wholly or partly equivalent to any condition,
14
warranty, guarantee, right or remedy (including a
15
guarantee under Division 1 of Part 3-2); and
16
(ii) a person has under a law of the Commonwealth, a State
17
or a Territory (other than an unwritten law).
18
Note 1:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
19
subsection.
20
Note 2:
For rules relating to representations as to the country of origin of
21
goods, see Part 5-3.
22
(2) For the purposes of applying subsection (1) in relation to a
23
proceeding concerning a representation of a kind referred to in
24
subsection (1)(e) or (f), the representation is taken to be misleading
25
unless evidence is adduced to the contrary.
26
(3) To avoid doubt, subsection (2) does not:
27
(a) have the effect that, merely because such evidence to the
28
contrary is adduced, the representation is not misleading; or
29
(b) have the effect of placing on any person an onus of proving
30
that the representation is not misleading.
31
30 False or misleading representations about sale etc. of land
32
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, in connection with the
33
sale or grant, or the possible sale or grant, of an interest in land or
34
in connection with the promotion by any means of the sale or grant
35
of an interest in land:
36
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(a) make a false or misleading representation that the person
1
making the representation has a sponsorship, approval or
2
affiliation; or
3
(b) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
4
nature of the interest in the land; or
5
(c) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
6
price payable for the land; or
7
(d) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
8
location of the land; or
9
(e) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
10
characteristics of the land; or
11
(f) make a false or misleading representation concerning the use
12
to which the land is capable of being put or may lawfully be
13
put; or
14
(g) make a false or misleading representation concerning the
15
existence or availability of facilities associated with the land.
16
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
17
subsection.
18
(2) This section does not affect the application of any other provision
19
of Part 2-1 or this Part in relation to the supply or acquisition, or
20
the possible supply or acquisition, of interests in land.
21
31 Misleading conduct relating to employment
22
A person must not, in relation to employment that is to be, or may
23
be, offered by the person or by another person, engage in conduct
24
that is liable to mislead persons seeking the employment as to:
25
(a) the availability, nature, terms or conditions of the
26
employment; or
27
(b) any other matter relating to the employment.
28
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
29
section.
30
32 Offering rebates, gifts, prizes etc.
31
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, offer any rebate, gift,
32
prize or other free item with the intention of not providing it, or of
33
not providing it as offered, in connection with:
34
(a) the supply or possible supply of goods or services; or
35
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52 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(b) the promotion by any means of the supply or use of goods or
1
services; or
2
(c) the sale or grant, or the possible sale or grant, of an interest in
3
land; or
4
(d) the promotion by any means of the sale or grant of an interest
5
in land.
6
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
7
subsection.
8
(2) If a person offers any rebate, gift, prize or other free item in
9
connection with:
10
(a) the supply or possible supply of goods or services; or
11
(b) the promotion by any means of the supply or use of goods or
12
services; or
13
(c) the sale or grant, or the possible sale or grant, of an interest in
14
land; or
15
(d) the promotion by any means of the sale or grant of an interest
16
in land;
17
the person must, within the time specified in the offer or (if no such
18
time is specified) within a reasonable time after making the offer,
19
provide the rebate, gift, prize or other free item in accordance with
20
the offer.
21
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
22
subsection.
23
(3) Subsection (2) does not apply if:
24
(a) the person's failure to provide the rebate, gift, prize or other
25
free item in accordance with the offer was due to the act or
26
omission of another person, or to some other cause beyond
27
the person's control; and
28
(b) the person took reasonable precautions and exercised due
29
diligence to avoid the failure.
30
(4) Subsection (2) does not apply to an offer that the person makes to
31
another person if:
32
(a) the person offers to the other person a different rebate, gift,
33
prize or other free item as a replacement; and
34
(b) the other person agrees to receive the different rebate, gift,
35
prize or other free item.
36
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(5) This section does not affect the application of any other provision
1
of Part 2-1 or this Part in relation to the supply or acquisition, or
2
the possible supply or acquisition, of interests in land.
3
33 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of goods
4
A person must not, in trade or commerce, engage in conduct that is
5
liable to mislead the public as to the nature, the manufacturing
6
process, the characteristics, the suitability for their purpose or the
7
quantity of any goods.
8
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
9
section.
10
34 Misleading conduct as to the nature etc. of services
11
A person must not, in trade or commerce, engage in conduct that is
12
liable to mislead the public as to the nature, the characteristics, the
13
suitability for their purpose or the quantity of any services.
14
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
15
section.
16
35 Bait advertising
17
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, advertise goods or
18
services for supply at a specified price if:
19
(a) there are reasonable grounds for believing that the person
20
will not be able to offer for supply those goods or services at
21
that price for a period that is, and in quantities that are,
22
reasonable, having regard to:
23
(i) the nature of the market in which the person carries on
24
business; and
25
(ii) the nature of the advertisement; and
26
(b) the person is aware or ought reasonably to be aware of those
27
grounds.
28
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
29
subsection.
30
(2) A person who, in trade or commerce, advertises goods or services
31
for supply at a specified price must offer such goods or services for
32
supply at that price for a period that is, and in quantities that are,
33
reasonable having regard to:
34
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54 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(a) the nature of the market in which the person carries on
1
business; and
2
(b) the nature of the advertisement.
3
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
4
subsection.
5
36 Wrongly accepting payment
6
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, accept payment or other
7
consideration for goods or services if, at the time of the acceptance,
8
the person intends not to supply the goods or services.
9
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
10
subsection.
11
(2) A person must not, in trade or commerce, accept payment or other
12
consideration for goods or services if, at the time of the acceptance,
13
the person intends to supply goods or services materially different
14
from the goods or services in respect of which the payment or other
15
consideration is accepted.
16
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
17
subsection.
18
(3) A person must not, in trade or commerce, accept payment or other
19
consideration for goods or services if, at the time of the acceptance:
20
(a) there are reasonable grounds for believing that the person
21
will not be able to supply the goods or services:
22
(i) within the period specified by or on behalf of the person
23
at or before the time the payment or other consideration
24
was accepted; or
25
(ii) if no period is specified at or before that time--within a
26
reasonable time; and
27
(b) the person is aware or ought reasonably to be aware of those
28
grounds.
29
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
30
subsection.
31
(4) A person who, in trade or commerce, accepts payment or other
32
consideration for goods or services must supply all the goods or
33
services:
34
(a) within the period specified by or on behalf of the person at or
35
before the time the payment or other consideration was
36
accepted; or
37
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(b) if no period is specified at or before that time--within a
1
reasonable time.
2
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
3
subsection.
4
(5) Subsection (4) does not apply if:
5
(a) the person's failure to supply all the goods or services within
6
the period, or within a reasonable time, was due to the act or
7
omission of another person, or to some other cause beyond
8
the person's control; and
9
(b) the person took reasonable precautions and exercised due
10
diligence to avoid the failure.
11
(6) Subsection (4) does not apply if:
12
(a) the person offers to supply different goods or services as a
13
replacement to the person (the customer) to whom the
14
original supply was to be made; and
15
(b) the customer agrees to receive the different goods or services.
16
(7) Subsections (1), (2), (3) and (4) apply whether or not the payment
17
or other consideration that the person accepted represents the
18
whole or a part of the payment or other consideration for the
19
supply of the goods or services.
20
37 Misleading representations about certain business activities
21
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, make a representation
22
that:
23
(a) is false or misleading in a material particular; and
24
(b) concerns the profitability, risk or any other material aspect of
25
any business activity that the person has represented as one
26
that can be, or can be to a considerable extent, carried on at
27
or from a person's place of residence.
28
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
29
subsection.
30
(2) A person must not, in trade or commerce, make a representation
31
that:
32
(a) is false or misleading in a material particular; and
33
(b) concerns the profitability, risk or any other material aspect of
34
any business activity:
35
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56 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(i) that the person invites (whether by advertisement or
1
otherwise) other persons to engage or participate in, or
2
to offer or apply to engage or participate in; and
3
(ii) that requires the performance of work by other persons,
4
or the investment of money by other persons and the
5
performance by them of work associated with the
6
investment.
7
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
8
subsection.
9
38 Application of provisions of this Division to information
10
providers
11
(1) Sections 29, 30, 33, 34 and 37 do not apply to a publication of
12
matter by an information provider if:
13
(a) in any case--the information provider made the publication
14
in the course of carrying on a business of providing
15
information; or
16
(b) if the information provider is the Australian Broadcasting
17
Corporation, the Special Broadcasting Service Corporation or
18
the holder of a licence granted under the Broadcasting
19
Services Act 1992--the publication was by way of a radio or
20
television broadcast by the information provider.
21
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of an advertisement.
22
(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of matter in
23
connection with the supply or possible supply of, or the promotion
24
by any means of the supply or use of, goods or services (the
25
publicised goods or services), if:
26
(a) the publicised goods or services were goods or services of a
27
kind supplied by the information provider or, if the
28
information provider is a body corporate, by a body corporate
29
that is related to the information provider; or
30
(b) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
31
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a person who
32
supplies goods or services of the same kind as the publicised
33
goods or services; or
34
(c) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
35
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a body
36
corporate that is related to a body corporate that supplies
37
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goods or services of the same kind as the publicised goods or
1
services.
2
(4) Subsection (1) does not apply to a publication of matter in
3
connection with the sale or grant, or possible sale or grant, of, or
4
the promotion by any means of the sale or grant of, interests in land
5
(the publicised interests in land), if:
6
(a) the publicised interests in land were interests of a kind sold or
7
granted by the information provider or, if the information
8
provider is a body corporate, by a body corporate that is
9
related to the information provider; or
10
(b) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
11
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a person who
12
sells or grants interests of the same kind as the publicised
13
interests in land; or
14
(c) the publication was made on behalf of, or pursuant to a
15
contract, arrangement or understanding with, a body
16
corporate that is related to a body corporate that sells or
17
grants interests of the same kind as the publicised interests in
18
land.
19
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58 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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Division 2--Unsolicited supplies
1
39 Unsolicited cards etc.
2
(1) A person must not send a credit card or a debit card, or an article
3
that may be used as a credit card and a debit card, to another
4
person except:
5
(a) pursuant to a written request by the person who will be under
6
a liability to the person who issued the card or article in
7
respect of the use of the card or article; or
8
(b) in renewal or replacement of, or in substitution for:
9
(i) a card or article of the same kind previously sent to the
10
other person pursuant to a written request by the person
11
who was under a liability, to the person who issued the
12
card previously so sent, in respect of the use of that
13
card; or
14
(ii) a card or article of the same kind previously sent to the
15
other person and used for a purpose for which it was
16
intended to be used.
17
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
18
subsection.
19
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply unless the card or article is sent by or
20
on behalf of the person who issued it.
21
(3) A person must not take any action that enables another person who
22
has a credit card to use the card as a debit card, except in
23
accordance with the other person's written request.
24
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
25
subsection.
26
(4) A person must not take any action that enables another person who
27
has a debit card to use the card as a credit card, except in
28
accordance with the other person's written request.
29
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
30
subsection.
31
(5)
A
credit card is an article that is one or more of the following:
32
(a) an article of a kind commonly known as a credit card;
33
(b) a similar article intended for use in obtaining cash, goods or
34
services on credit;
35
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(c) an article of a kind that persons carrying on business
1
commonly issue to their customers, or prospective customers,
2
for use in obtaining goods or services from those persons on
3
credit;
4
and includes an article that may be used as an article referred to in
5
paragraph (a), (b) or (c).
6
(6)
A
debit card is:
7
(a) an article intended for use by a person in obtaining access to
8
an account that is held by the person for the purpose of
9
withdrawing or depositing cash or obtaining goods or
10
services; or
11
(b) an article that may be used as an article referred to in
12
paragraph (a).
13
40 Assertion of right to payment for unsolicited goods or services
14
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, assert a right to payment
15
from another person for unsolicited goods unless the person has
16
reasonable cause to believe that there is a right to the payment.
17
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
18
subsection.
19
(2) A person must not, in trade or commerce, assert a right to payment
20
from another person for unsolicited services unless the person has
21
reasonable cause to believe that there is a right to the payment.
22
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
23
subsection.
24
(3) A person must not, in trade or commerce, send to another person
25
an invoice or other document that:
26
(a) states the amount of a payment, or sets out the charge, for
27
supplying unsolicited goods or unsolicited services; and
28
(b) does not contain a warning statement that complies with the
29
requirements set out in the regulations;
30
unless the person has reasonable cause to believe that there is a
31
right to the payment or charge.
32
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
33
subsection.
34
(4) In a proceeding against a person in relation to a contravention of
35
this section, the person bears the onus of proving that the person
36
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had reasonable cause to believe that there was a right to the
1
payment or charge.
2
41 Liability etc. of recipient for unsolicited goods
3
(1) If a person, in trade or commerce, supplies unsolicited goods to
4
another person, the other person:
5
(a) is not liable to make any payment for the goods; and
6
(b) is not liable for loss of or damage to the goods, other than
7
loss or damage resulting from the other person doing a wilful
8
and unlawful act in relation to the goods during the recovery
9
period.
10
(2) If a person sends, in trade or commerce, unsolicited goods to
11
another person:
12
(a) neither the sender nor any person claiming under the sender
13
is entitled, after the end of the recovery period, to take action
14
for the recovery of the goods from the other person; and
15
(b) at the end of the recovery period, the goods become, by force
16
of this section, the property of the other person freed and
17
discharged from all liens and charges of any description.
18
(3) However, subsection (2) does not apply to or in relation to
19
unsolicited goods sent to a person if:
20
(a) the person has, at any time during the recovery period,
21
unreasonably refused to permit the sender or the owner of the
22
goods to take possession of the goods; or
23
(b) the sender or the owner of the goods has within the recovery
24
period taken possession of the goods; or
25
(c) the goods were received by the person in circumstances in
26
which the person knew, or might reasonably be expected to
27
have known, that the goods were not intended for him or her.
28
(4)
The
recovery period is whichever of the following periods ends
29
first:
30
(a) the period of 3 months starting on the day after the day on
31
which the person received the goods;
32
(b) if the person who receives the unsolicited goods gives notice
33
with respect to the goods to the supplier or sender in
34
accordance with subsection (5)--the period of one month
35
starting on the day after the day on which the notice is given.
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(5) A notice under subsection (4)(b):
1
(a) must be in writing; and
2
(b) must state the name and address of the person who received
3
the goods; and
4
(c) must state the address at which possession may be taken of
5
the goods, if it is not the address of the person; and
6
(d) must contain a statement to the effect that the goods are
7
unsolicited goods.
8
42 Liability of recipient for unsolicited services
9
If a person, in trade or commerce, supplies unsolicited services to
10
another person, the other person:
11
(a) is not liable to make any payment for the services; and
12
(b) is not liable for loss or damage as a result of the supply of the
13
services.
14
43 Assertion of right to payment for unauthorised entries or
15
advertisements
16
(1) A person must not assert a right to payment from another person of
17
a charge for placing, in a publication, an entry or advertisement
18
relating to:
19
(a) the other person; or
20
(b) the other person's profession, business, trade or occupation;
21
unless the person knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, that
22
the other person authorised the placing of the entry or
23
advertisement.
24
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
25
subsection.
26
(2) A person must not send to another person an invoice or other
27
document that:
28
(a) states the amount of a payment, or sets out the charge, for
29
placing, in a publication, an entry or advertisement relating
30
to:
31
(i) the other person; or
32
(ii) the other person's profession, business, trade or
33
occupation; and
34
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(b) does not contain a warning statement that complies with the
1
requirements set out in the regulations;
2
unless the person knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, that
3
the other person authorised the placing of the entry or
4
advertisement.
5
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
6
subsection.
7
(3) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to an entry or advertisement
8
that is placed in a publication published by a person who is:
9
(a) the publisher of a publication that has an audited circulation
10
of 10,000 copies or more per week, as confirmed by the most
11
recent audit of the publication by a body specified in the
12
regulations; or
13
(b) a body corporate related to such a publisher; or
14
(c) the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory, or an authority of
15
the Commonwealth, a State or a Territory; or
16
(d) a person specified in the regulations.
17
(4)
A
person:
18
(a) is not liable to make any payment to another person; and
19
(b) is entitled to recover by action in a court against another
20
person any payment made by the person to the other person;
21
in full or part satisfaction of a charge for placing, in a publication,
22
an entry or advertisement, unless the person authorised the placing
23
of the entry or advertisement.
24
(5) A person is not taken for the purposes of this section to have
25
authorised the placing of the entry or advertisement, unless:
26
(a) a document authorising the placing of the entry or
27
advertisement has been signed by the person or by another
28
person authorised by him or her; and
29
(b) a copy of the document has been given to the person before
30
the right to payment of a charge for the placing of the entry
31
or advertisement is asserted; and
32
(c) the document specifies:
33
(i) the name and address of the person publishing the entry
34
or advertisement; and
35
(ii) particulars of the entry or advertisement; and
36
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(iii) the amount of the charge for the placing of the entry or
1
advertisement, or the basis on which the charge is, or is
2
to be, calculated.
3
(6) In a proceeding against a person in relation to a contravention of
4
this section, the person bears the onus of proving that the person
5
knew or had reasonable cause to believe that the person against
6
whom a right to payment was asserted had authorised the placing
7
of the entry or advertisement.
8
9
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Division 3--Pyramid schemes
1
44 Participation in pyramid schemes
2
(1) A person must not participate in a pyramid scheme.
3
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
4
subsection.
5
(2) A person must not induce, or attempt to induce, another person to
6
participate in a pyramid scheme.
7
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
8
subsection.
9
(3)
To
participate in a pyramid scheme is:
10
(a) to establish or promote the scheme (whether alone or together
11
with another person); or
12
(b) to take part in the scheme in any capacity (whether or not as
13
an employee or agent of a person who establishes or
14
promotes the scheme, or who otherwise takes part in the
15
scheme).
16
45 Meaning of pyramid scheme
17
(1)
A
pyramid scheme is a scheme with both of the following
18
characteristics:
19
(a) to take part in the scheme, some or all new participants must
20
provide, to another participant or participants in the scheme,
21
either of the following (a participation payment):
22
(i) a financial or non-financial benefit to, or for the benefit
23
of, the other participant or participants;
24
(ii) a financial or non-financial benefit partly to, or for the
25
benefit of, the other participant or participants and partly
26
to, or for the benefit of, other persons;
27
(b) the participation payments are entirely or substantially
28
induced by the prospect held out to new participants that they
29
will be entitled, in relation to the introduction to the scheme
30
of further new participants, to be provided with either of the
31
following (a recruitment payment):
32
(i) a financial or non-financial benefit to, or for the benefit
33
of, new participants;
34
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(ii) a financial or non-financial benefit partly to, or for the
1
benefit of, new participants and partly to, or for the
2
benefit of, other persons.
3
(2)
A
new participant includes a person who has applied, or been
4
invited, to participate in the scheme.
5
(3) A scheme may be a pyramid scheme:
6
(a) no matter who holds out to new participants the prospect of
7
entitlement to recruitment payments; and
8
(b) no matter who is to make recruitment payments to new
9
participants; and
10
(c) no matter who is to make introductions to the scheme of
11
further new participants.
12
(4) A scheme may be a pyramid scheme even if it has any or all of the
13
following characteristics:
14
(a) the participation payments may (or must) be made after the
15
new participants begin to take part in the scheme;
16
(b) making a participation payment is not the only requirement
17
for taking part in the scheme;
18
(c) the holding out of the prospect of entitlement to recruitment
19
payments does not give any new participant a legally
20
enforceable right;
21
(d) arrangements for the scheme are not recorded in writing
22
(whether entirely or partly);
23
(e) the scheme involves the marketing of goods or services (or
24
both).
25
46 Marketing schemes as pyramid schemes
26
(1) To decide, for the purpose of this Schedule, whether a scheme that
27
involves the marketing of goods or services (or both) is a pyramid
28
scheme, a court must have regard to the following matters in
29
working out whether participation payments under the scheme are
30
entirely or substantially induced by the prospect held out to new
31
participants of entitlement to recruitment payments:
32
(a) whether the participation payments bear a reasonable
33
relationship to the value of the goods or services that
34
participants are entitled to be supplied with under the scheme
35
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(as assessed, if appropriate, by reference to the price of
1
comparable goods or services available elsewhere);
2
(b) the emphasis given in the promotion of the scheme to the
3
entitlement of participants to the supply of goods or services
4
by comparison with the emphasis given to their entitlement to
5
recruitment payments.
6
(2) Subsection (1) does not limit the matters to which the court may
7
have regard in working out whether participation payments are
8
entirely or substantially induced by the prospect held out to new
9
participants of entitlement to recruitment payments.
10
11
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Division 4--Pricing
1
47 Multiple pricing
2
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, supply goods if:
3
(a) the goods have more than one displayed price; and
4
(b) the supply takes place for a price that is not the lower, or
5
lowest, of the displayed prices.
6
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
7
subsection.
8
(2)
A
displayed price for goods is a price for the goods, or any
9
representation that may reasonably be inferred to be a
10
representation of a price for the goods:
11
(a) that is annexed or affixed to, or is written, printed, stamped
12
or located on, or otherwise applied to, the goods or any
13
covering, label, reel or thing used in connection with the
14
goods; or
15
(b) that is used in connection with the goods or anything on
16
which the goods are mounted for display or exposed for
17
supply; or
18
(c) that is determined on the basis of anything encoded on or in
19
relation to the goods; or
20
(d) that is published in relation to the goods in a catalogue
21
available to the public if:
22
(i) a time is specified in the catalogue as the time after
23
which the goods will not be sold at that price and that
24
time has not passed; or
25
(ii) in any other case--the catalogue may reasonably be
26
regarded as not out-of-date; or
27
(e) that is in any other way represented in a manner from which
28
it may reasonably be inferred that the price or representation
29
is applicable to the goods;
30
and includes such a price or representation that is partly obscured
31
by another such price or representation that is written, stamped or
32
located partly over that price or representation.
33
(3)
If:
34
(a) a price or representation is included in a catalogue; and
35
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(b) the catalogue is expressed to apply only to goods supplied at
1
a specified location, or in a specified region;
2
the price or representation is taken, for the purposes of
3
subsection (2)(d), not to have been made in relation to supply of
4
the goods at a different location, or in a different region, as the case
5
may be.
6
(4) Despite subsection (2), a price or representation is not a displayed
7
price for goods if:
8
(a) the price or representation is wholly obscured by another
9
such price or representation that is written, stamped or
10
located wholly over that price or representation; or
11
(b) the price or representation:
12
(i) is expressed as a price per unit of mass, volume, length
13
or other unit of measure; and
14
(ii) is presented as an alternative means of expressing the
15
price for supply of the goods that is a displayed price for
16
the goods; or
17
(c) the price or representation is expressed as an amount in a
18
currency other than Australian currency; or
19
(d) the price or representation is expressed in a way that is
20
unlikely to be interpreted as an amount of Australian
21
currency.
22
(5) Despite subsection (2), a displayed price for goods that is a
23
displayed price because it has been published in a catalogue or
24
advertisement ceases to be a displayed price for the goods if:
25
(a) the displayed price is retracted; and
26
(b) the retraction is published in a manner that has at least a
27
similar circulation or audience as the catalogue or
28
advertisement.
29
48 Single price to be specified in certain circumstances
30
(1) A person must not, in trade or commerce, in connection with:
31
(a) the supply, or possible supply, to another person of goods or
32
services of a kind ordinarily acquired for personal, domestic
33
or household use or consumption; or
34
(b) the promotion by any means of the supply to another person,
35
or of the use by another person, of goods or services of a kind
36
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ordinarily acquired for personal, domestic or household use
1
or consumption;
2
make a representation with respect to an amount that, if paid,
3
would constitute a part of the consideration for the supply of the
4
goods or services unless the person also specifies, in a prominent
5
way and as a single figure, the single price for the goods or
6
services.
7
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
8
subsection.
9
(2) A person is not required to include, in the single price for goods, a
10
charge that is payable in relation to sending the goods from the
11
supplier to the other person.
12
(3)
However,
if:
13
(a) the person does not include in the single price a charge that is
14
payable in relation to sending the goods from the supplier to
15
the other person; and
16
(b) the person knows, at the time of the representation, the
17
minimum amount of a charge in relation to sending the goods
18
from the supplier to the other person that must be paid by the
19
other person;
20
the person must not make the representation referred to in
21
subsection (1) unless the person also specifies that minimum
22
amount.
23
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
24
subsection.
25
(4) Subsection (1) does not apply if the representation is made
26
exclusively to a body corporate.
27
(5) For the purposes of subsection (1), the person is taken not to have
28
specified a single price for the goods or services in a prominent
29
way unless the single price is at least as prominent as the most
30
prominent of the parts of the consideration for the supply.
31
(6) Subsection (5) does not apply in relation to services to be supplied
32
under a contract if:
33
(a) the contract provides for the supply of the services for the
34
term of the contract; and
35
(b) the contract provides for periodic payments for the services
36
to be made during the term of the contract; and
37
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(c) if the contract also provides for the supply of goods--the
1
goods are directly related to the supply of the services.
2
(7)
The
single price is the minimum quantifiable consideration for the
3
supply of the goods or services at the time of the representation,
4
including each of the following amounts (if any) that is
5
quantifiable at that time:
6
(a) a charge of any description payable to the person making the
7
representation by another person (other than a charge that is
8
payable at the option of the other person);
9
(b) the amount which reflects any tax, duty, fee, levy or charge
10
imposed on the person making the representation in relation
11
to the supply;
12
(c) any amount paid or payable by the person making the
13
representation in relation to the supply with respect to any
14
tax, duty, fee, levy or charge if:
15
(i) the amount is paid or payable under an agreement or
16
arrangement made under a law of the Commonwealth, a
17
State or a Territory; and
18
(ii) the tax, duty, fee, levy or charge would have otherwise
19
been payable by another person in relation to the supply.
20
Example 1: A person advertises lounge suites for sale. Persons have the option of
21
paying for fabric protection. The fabric protection charge does not
22
form part of the single price because of the exception in paragraph (a).
23
Example 2: The GST may be an example of an amount covered by paragraph (b).
24
Example 3: The passenger movement charge imposed under the Passenger
25
Movement Charge Act 1978 may be an example of an amount covered
26
by paragraph (c). Under an arrangement under section 10 of the
27
Passenger Movement Charge Collection Act 1978, airlines may pay
28
an amount equal to the charge that would otherwise be payable by
29
passengers departing Australia.
30
31
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Division 5--Other unfair practices
1
49 Referral selling
2
A person must not, in trade or commerce, induce a consumer to
3
acquire goods or services by representing that the consumer will,
4
after the contract for the acquisition of the goods or services is
5
made, receive a rebate, commission or other benefit in return for:
6
(a) giving the person the names of prospective customers; or
7
(b) otherwise assisting the person to supply goods or services to
8
other consumers;
9
if receipt of the rebate, commission or other benefit is contingent
10
on an event occurring after that contract is made.
11
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
12
section.
13
50 Harassment and coercion
14
(1) A person must not use physical force, or undue harassment or
15
coercion, in connection with:
16
(a) the supply or possible supply of goods or services; or
17
(b) the payment for goods or services; or
18
(c) the sale or grant, or the possible sale or grant, of an interest in
19
land; or
20
(d) the payment for an interest in land.
21
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
22
subsection.
23
(2) Subsections (1)(c) and (d) do not affect the application of any other
24
provision of Part 2-1 or this Part in relation to the supply or
25
acquisition, or the possible supply or acquisition, of interests in
26
land.
27
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Part 3-2--Consumer transactions
1
Division 1--Consumer guarantees
2
Subdivision A--Guarantees relating to the supply of goods
3
51 Guarantee as to title
4
(1) If a person (the supplier) supplies goods to a consumer, there is a
5
guarantee that the supplier will have a right to dispose of the
6
property in the goods when that property is to pass to the
7
consumer.
8
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a supply (a supply of limited title)
9
if an intention that the supplier of the goods should transfer only
10
such title as the supplier, or another person, may have:
11
(a) appears from the contract for the supply; or
12
(b) is to be inferred from the circumstances of that contract.
13
(3) This section does not apply if the supply is a supply by way of hire
14
or lease.
15
52 Guarantee as to undisturbed possession
16
(1)
If:
17
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies goods to a consumer; and
18
(b) the supply is not a supply of limited title;
19
there is a guarantee that the consumer has the right to undisturbed
20
possession of the goods.
21
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to the extent that the consumer's
22
undisturbed possession of the goods may be lawfully disturbed by
23
a person who is entitled to the benefit of any security, charge or
24
encumbrance disclosed to the consumer before the consumer
25
agreed to the supply.
26
(3)
If:
27
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies goods to a consumer; and
28
(b) the supply is a supply of limited title;
29
there is a guarantee that the following persons will not disturb the
30
consumer's possession of the goods:
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(c)
the
supplier;
1
(d) if the parties to the contract for the supply intend that the
2
supplier should transfer only such title as another person may
3
have--that other person;
4
(e) anyone claiming through or under the supplier or that other
5
person (otherwise than under a security, charge or
6
encumbrance disclosed to the consumer before the consumer
7
agreed to the supply).
8
(4) This section applies to a supply by way of hire or lease only for the
9
period of the hire or lease.
10
53 Guarantee as to undisclosed securities etc.
11
(1)
If:
12
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies goods to a consumer; and
13
(b) the supply is not a supply of limited title;
14
there is a guarantee that:
15
(c) the goods are free from any security, charge or encumbrance:
16
(i) that was not disclosed to the consumer, in writing,
17
before the consumer agreed to the supply; or
18
(ii) that was not created by or with the express consent of
19
the consumer; and
20
(d) the goods will remain free from such a security, charge or
21
encumbrance until the time when the property in the goods
22
passes to the consumer.
23
(2) A supplier does not fail to comply with the guarantee only because
24
of the existence of a floating charge over the supplier's assets
25
unless and until the charge becomes fixed and enforceable by the
26
person to whom the charge is given.
27
Note:
Section 339 of the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 affects the
28
meaning of the references in this subsection to a floating charge and a
29
fixed charge.
30
(3)
If:
31
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies goods to a consumer; and
32
(b) the supply is a supply of limited title;
33
there is a guarantee that all securities, charges or encumbrances
34
known to the supplier, and not known to the consumer, were
35
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disclosed to the consumer before the consumer agreed to the
1
supply.
2
(4) This section does not apply if the supply is a supply by way of hire
3
or lease.
4
54 Guarantee as to acceptable quality
5
(1)
If:
6
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods to a
7
consumer; and
8
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
9
there is a guarantee that the goods are of acceptable quality.
10
(2) Goods are of acceptable quality if they are as:
11
(a) fit for all the purposes for which goods of that kind are
12
commonly supplied; and
13
(b) acceptable in appearance and finish; and
14
(c) free from defects; and
15
(d)
safe;
and
16
(e)
durable;
17
as a reasonable consumer fully acquainted with the state and
18
condition of the goods (including any hidden defects of the goods),
19
would regard as acceptable having regard to the matters in
20
subsection (3).
21
(3) The matters for the purposes of subsection (2) are:
22
(a) the nature of the goods; and
23
(b) the price of the goods (if relevant); and
24
(c) any statements made about the goods on any packaging or
25
label on the goods; and
26
(d) any representation made about the goods by the supplier or
27
manufacturer of the goods; and
28
(e) any other relevant circumstances relating to the supply of the
29
goods.
30
(4)
If:
31
(a) goods supplied to a consumer are not of acceptable quality;
32
and
33
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(b) the only reason or reasons why they are not of acceptable
1
quality were specifically drawn to the consumer's attention
2
before the consumer agreed to the supply;
3
the goods are taken to be of acceptable quality.
4
(5)
If:
5
(a) goods are displayed for sale or hire; and
6
(b) the goods would not be of acceptable quality if they were
7
supplied to a consumer;
8
the reason or reasons why they are not of acceptable quality are
9
taken, for the purposes of subsection (4), to have been specifically
10
drawn to a consumer's attention if those reasons were disclosed on
11
a written notice that was displayed with the goods and that was
12
transparent.
13
(6) Goods do not fail to be of acceptable quality if:
14
(a) the consumer to whom they are supplied causes them to
15
become of unacceptable quality, or fails to take reasonable
16
steps to prevent them from becoming of unacceptable
17
quality; and
18
(b) they are damaged by abnormal use.
19
(7) Goods do not fail to be of acceptable quality if:
20
(a) the consumer acquiring the goods examines them before the
21
consumer agrees to the supply of the goods; and
22
(b) the examination ought reasonably to have revealed that the
23
goods were not of acceptable quality.
24
55 Guarantee as to fitness for any disclosed purpose etc.
25
(1)
If:
26
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies, in trade or commerce, goods
27
to a consumer; and
28
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
29
there is a guarantee that the goods are reasonably fit for any
30
disclosed purpose, and for any purpose for which the supplier
31
represents that they are reasonably fit.
32
(2)
A
disclosed purpose is a particular purpose (whether or not that
33
purpose is a purpose for which the goods are commonly supplied)
34
for which the goods are being acquired by the consumer and that:
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(a) the consumer makes known, expressly or by implication, to:
1
(i) the supplier; or
2
(ii) a person by whom any prior negotiations or
3
arrangements in relation to the acquisition of the goods
4
were conducted or made; or
5
(b) the consumer makes known to the manufacturer of the goods
6
either directly or through the supplier or the person referred
7
to in paragraph (a)(ii).
8
(3) This section does not apply if the circumstances show that the
9
consumer did not rely on, or that it was unreasonable for the
10
consumer to rely on, the skill or judgment of the supplier, the
11
person referred to in subsection (2)(a)(ii) or the manufacturer, as
12
the case may be.
13
56 Guarantee relating to the supply of goods by description
14
(1)
If:
15
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods by description
16
to a consumer; and
17
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
18
there is a guarantee that the goods correspond with the description.
19
(2) A supply of goods is not prevented from being a supply by
20
description only because, having been exposed for sale or hire,
21
they are selected by the consumer.
22
(3) If goods are supplied by description as well as by reference to a
23
sample or demonstration model, the guarantees in this section and
24
in section 57 both apply.
25
57 Guarantees relating to the supply of goods by sample or
26
demonstration model
27
(1)
If:
28
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods to a consumer
29
by reference to a sample or demonstration model; and
30
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
31
there is a guarantee that:
32
(c) the goods correspond with the sample or demonstration
33
model in quality, state or condition; and
34
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(d) if the goods are supplied by reference to a sample--the
1
consumer will have a reasonable opportunity to compare the
2
goods with the sample; and
3
(e) the goods are free from any defect that:
4
(i) would not be apparent on reasonable examination of the
5
sample or demonstration model; and
6
(ii) would cause the goods not to be of acceptable quality.
7
(2) If goods are supplied by reference to a sample or demonstration
8
model as well as by description, the guarantees in section 56 and in
9
this section both apply.
10
58 Guarantee as to repairs and spare parts
11
(1)
If:
12
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods to a
13
consumer; and
14
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
15
there is a guarantee that the manufacturer of the goods will take
16
reasonable action to ensure that facilities for the repair of the
17
goods, and parts for the goods, are reasonably available for a
18
reasonable period after the goods are supplied.
19
(2) This section does not apply if the manufacturer took reasonable
20
action to ensure that the consumer would be given written notice,
21
at or before the time when the consumer agrees to the supply of the
22
goods, that:
23
(a) facilities for the repair of the goods would not be available or
24
would not be available after a specified period; or
25
(b) parts for the goods would not be available or would not be
26
available after a specified period.
27
59 Guarantee as to express warranties
28
(1)
If:
29
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods to a
30
consumer; and
31
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
32
there is a guarantee that the manufacturer of the goods will comply
33
with any express warranty given or made by the manufacturer in
34
relation to the goods.
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(2)
If:
1
(a) a person supplies, in trade or commerce, goods to a
2
consumer; and
3
(b) the supply does not occur by way of sale by auction;
4
there is a guarantee that the supplier will comply with any express
5
warranty given or made by the supplier in relation to the goods.
6
Subdivision B--Guarantees relating to the supply of services
7
60 Guarantee as to due care and skill
8
If a person supplies, in trade or commerce, services to a consumer,
9
there is a guarantee that the services will be rendered with due care
10
and skill.
11
61 Guarantees as to fitness for a particular purpose etc.
12
(1)
If:
13
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies, in trade or commerce,
14
services to a consumer; and
15
(b) the consumer, expressly or by implication, makes known to
16
the supplier any particular purpose for which the services are
17
being acquired by the consumer;
18
there is a guarantee that the services, and any product resulting
19
from the services, will be reasonably fit for that purpose.
20
(2)
If:
21
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies, in trade or commerce,
22
services to a consumer; and
23
(b) the consumer makes known, expressly or by implication, to:
24
(i) the supplier; or
25
(ii) a person by whom any prior negotiations or
26
arrangements in relation to the acquisition of the
27
services were conducted or made;
28
the result that the consumer wishes the services to achieve;
29
there is a guarantee that the services, and any product resulting
30
from the services, will be of such a nature, and quality, state or
31
condition, that they might reasonably be expected to achieve that
32
result.
33
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(3) This section does not apply if the circumstances show that the
1
consumer did not rely on, or that it was unreasonable for the
2
consumer to rely on, the skill or judgment of the supplier.
3
62 Guarantee as to reasonable time for supply
4
If:
5
(a) a person (the supplier) supplies, in trade or commerce,
6
services to a consumer; and
7
(b) the time within which the services are to be supplied:
8
(i) is not fixed by the contract for the supply of the
9
services; or
10
(ii) is not to be determined in a manner agreed to by the
11
consumer and supplier;
12
there is a guarantee that the services will be supplied within a
13
reasonable time.
14
63 Services to which this Subdivision does not apply
15
This Subdivision does not apply to services that are, or are to be,
16
supplied under:
17
(a) a contract for or in relation to the transportation or storage of
18
goods for the purposes of a business, trade, profession or
19
occupation carried on or engaged in by the person for whom
20
the goods are transported or stored; or
21
(b) a contract of insurance.
22
Subdivision C--Guarantees not to be excluded etc. by contract
23
64 Guarantees not to be excluded etc. by contract
24
(1) A term of a contract (including a term that is not set out in the
25
contract but is incorporated in the contract by another term of the
26
contract) is void to the extent that the term purports to exclude,
27
restrict or modify, or has the effect of excluding, restricting or
28
modifying:
29
(a) the application of all or any of the provisions of this Division;
30
or
31
(b) the exercise of a right conferred by such a provision; or
32
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(c) any liability of a person for a failure to comply with a
1
guarantee that applies under this Division to a supply of
2
goods or services.
3
(2) A term of a contract is not taken, for the purposes of this section, to
4
exclude, restrict or modify the application of a provision of this
5
Division unless the term does so expressly or is inconsistent with
6
the provision.
7
Subdivision D--Miscellaneous
8
65 Application of this Division to supplies of gas, electricity and
9
telecommunications
10
(1) This Division does not apply to a supply if the supply:
11
(a) is a supply of a kind specified in the regulations; and
12
(b) is a supply of gas, electricity or a telecommunications
13
service.
14
(2)
A
telecommunications service is a service for carrying
15
communications by means of guided or unguided electromagnetic
16
energy or both.
17
66 Display notices
18
(1) The Commonwealth Minister may determine, in writing, that
19
persons (the suppliers) who make supplies, or supplies of a
20
specified kind, to which guarantees apply under this Division are
21
required to display, in accordance with the determination, a notice
22
that meets the requirements of the determination.
23
(2) A supplier who makes a supply to a consumer to which a guarantee
24
applies under this Division, and to which such a determination
25
relates, must ensure that a notice that meets those requirements is,
26
in accordance with the determination:
27
(a) if the consumer takes delivery of the goods or services at the
28
supplier's premises--displayed at those premises; or
29
(b) otherwise--drawn to the consumer's attention before the
30
consumer agrees to the supply of the goods.
31
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
32
subsection.
33
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(3) Without limiting subsection (1), a determination under that
1
subsection may do all or any of the following:
2
(a) require the notice to include specified information about the
3
application of all or any of the provisions of this Division and
4
Part 5-4;
5
(b) specify where the notice must be displayed;
6
(c) specify how the notice must be drawn to the attention of
7
consumers;
8
(d) specify requirements as to the form of the notice.
9
67 Conflict of laws
10
If:
11
(a) the proper law of a contract for the supply of goods or
12
services to a consumer would be the law of any part of
13
Australia but for a term of the contract that provides
14
otherwise; or
15
(b) a contract for the supply of goods or services to a consumer
16
contains a term that purports to substitute, or has the effect of
17
substituting, the following provisions for all or any of the
18
provisions of this Division:
19
(i) the provisions of the law of a country other than
20
Australia;
21
(ii) the provisions of the law of a State or a Territory;
22
the provisions of this Division apply in relation to the supply under
23
the contract despite that term.
24
68 Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
25
The provisions of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for
26
the International Sale of Goods, done at Vienna on 11 April 1980,
27
as amended and in force for Australia from time to time, prevail
28
over the provisions of this Division to the extent of any
29
inconsistency.
30
Note:
The text of the Convention is set out in Australian Treaty Series 1988
31
No. 32 ([1988] ATS 32). In 2010, the text of a Convention in the
32
Australian Treaty Series was accessible through the Australian
33
Treaties Library on the AustLII website (www.austlii.edu.au).
34
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Division 2--Unsolicited consumer agreements
1
Subdivision A--Introduction
2
69 Meaning of unsolicited consumer agreement
3
(1) An agreement is an unsolicited consumer agreement if:
4
(a) it is for the supply, in trade or commerce, of goods or
5
services to a consumer; and
6
(b) it is made as a result of negotiations between a dealer and the
7
consumer:
8
(i) in each other's presence at a place other than the
9
business or trade premises of the supplier of the goods
10
or services; or
11
(ii)
by
telephone;
12
whether or not they are the only negotiations that precede the
13
making of the agreement; and
14
(c) the consumer did not invite the dealer to come to that place,
15
or to make a telephone call, for the purposes of entering into
16
negotiations relating to the supply of those goods or services
17
(whether or not the consumer made such an invitation in
18
relation to a different supply); and
19
(d) the total price paid or payable by the consumer under the
20
agreement:
21
(i) is not ascertainable at the time the agreement is made;
22
or
23
(ii) if it is ascertainable at that time--is more than $100 or
24
such other amount prescribed by the regulations.
25
(2) An invitation merely to quote a price for a supply is not taken, for
26
the purposes of subsection (1)(c), to be an invitation to enter into
27
negotiations for a supply.
28
(3) An agreement is also an unsolicited consumer agreement if it is an
29
agreement of a kind that the regulations provide are unsolicited
30
consumer agreements.
31
(4) However, despite subsections (1) and (3), an agreement is not an
32
unsolicited consumer agreement if it is an agreement of a kind
33
that the regulations provide are not unsolicited consumer
34
agreements.
35
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70 Presumption that agreements are unsolicited consumer
1
agreements
2
(1) In a proceeding relating to a contravention or possible
3
contravention of this Division (other than a criminal proceeding),
4
an agreement is presumed to be an unsolicited consumer agreement
5
if:
6
(a) a party to the proceeding alleges that the agreement is an
7
unsolicited consumer agreement; and
8
(b) no other party to the proceeding proves that the agreement is
9
not an unsolicited consumer agreement.
10
(2) In a proceeding relating to a contravention or possible
11
contravention of this Division (other than a criminal proceeding), it
12
is presumed that a proposed agreement would be an unsolicited
13
consumer agreement if it were made if:
14
(a) a party to the proceeding alleges that the proposed agreement
15
would be an unsolicited consumer agreement if it were made;
16
and
17
(b) no other party to the proceeding proves that the proposed
18
agreement would not be an unsolicited consumer agreement
19
if it were made.
20
71 Meaning of dealer
21
A
dealer is a person who, in trade or commerce:
22
(a) enters into negotiations with a consumer with a view to
23
making an agreement for the supply of goods or services to
24
the consumer; or
25
(b) calls on, or telephones, a consumer for the purpose of
26
entering into such negotiations;
27
whether or not that person is, or is to be, the supplier of the goods
28
or services.
29
72 Meaning of negotiation
30
A
negotiation, in relation to an agreement or a proposed
31
agreement, includes any discussion or dealing directed towards the
32
making of the agreement or proposed agreement (whether or not
33
the terms of the agreement or proposed agreement are open to any
34
discussion or dealing).
35
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Subdivision B--Negotiating unsolicited consumer agreements
1
73 Permitted hours for negotiating an unsolicited consumer
2
agreement
3
(1) A dealer must not call on a person for the purpose of negotiating an
4
unsolicited consumer agreement, or for an incidental or related
5
purpose:
6
(a) at any time on a Sunday or a public holiday; or
7
(b) before 9 am on any other day; or
8
(c) after 6 pm on any other day (or after 5 pm if the other day is
9
a Saturday).
10
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
11
subsection.
12
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the dealer calls on the person in
13
accordance with consent that:
14
(a) was given by the person to the dealer or a person acting on
15
the dealer's behalf; and
16
(b) was not given in the presence of the dealer or a person acting
17
on the dealer's behalf.
18
Note: The
Do Not Call Register Act 2006 may apply to a telephone call
19
made for the purpose of negotiating an unsolicited consumer
20
agreement.
21
74 Disclosing purpose and identity
22
A dealer who calls on a person for the purpose of negotiating an
23
unsolicited consumer agreement, or for an incidental or related
24
purpose, must, as soon as practicable and in any event before
25
starting to negotiate:
26
(a) clearly advise the person that the dealer's purpose is to seek
27
the person's agreement to a supply of the goods or services
28
concerned; and
29
(b) clearly advise the person that the dealer is obliged to leave
30
the premises immediately on request; and
31
(c) provide to the person such information relating to the dealer's
32
identity as is prescribed by the regulations.
33
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
34
section.
35
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75 Ceasing to negotiate on request
1
(1) A dealer who calls on a person at any premises for the purpose of
2
negotiating an unsolicited consumer agreement, or for an incidental
3
or related purpose, must leave the premises immediately on the
4
request of:
5
(a) the occupier of the premises, or any person acting with the
6
actual or apparent authority of the occupier; or
7
(b) the person (the prospective consumer) with whom the
8
negotiations are being conducted.
9
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
10
subsection.
11
(2) If the prospective consumer makes such a request, the dealer must
12
not contact the prospective consumer for the purpose of negotiating
13
an unsolicited consumer agreement (or for an incidental or related
14
purpose) for at least 30 days after the prospective consumer makes
15
the request.
16
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
17
subsection.
18
(3) If the dealer is not, or is not to be, the supplier of the goods or
19
services to which the negotiations relate:
20
(a) subsection (2) applies to that supplier, and any person acting
21
on behalf of that supplier, in the same way that it applies to
22
the dealer; but
23
(b) subsection (2) does not apply to the dealer contacting the
24
prospective customer in relation to a supply by another
25
supplier.
26
76 Informing person of termination period etc.
27
A dealer must not make an unsolicited consumer agreement with a
28
person unless:
29
(a) before the agreement is made, the person is given
30
information as to the following:
31
(i) the person's right to terminate the agreement during the
32
termination period;
33
(ii) the way in which the person may exercise that right;
34
(iii) such other matters as are prescribed by the regulations;
35
and
36
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(b) if the agreement is made in the presence of both the dealer
1
and the person--the person is given the information in
2
writing; and
3
(c) if the agreement is made by telephone--the person is given
4
the information by telephone, and is subsequently given the
5
information in writing; and
6
(d) the form in which, and the way in which, the person is given
7
the information complies with any other requirements
8
prescribed by the regulations.
9
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
10
section.
11
77 Liability of suppliers for contraventions by dealers
12
If:
13
(a) a dealer contravenes a provision of this Subdivision in
14
relation to an unsolicited consumer agreement; and
15
(b) the dealer is not, or is not to be, the supplier of the goods or
16
services to which the agreement relates;
17
the supplier of the goods or services is also taken to have
18
contravened that provision in relation to the agreement.
19
Subdivision C--Requirements for unsolicited consumer
20
agreements etc.
21
78 Requirement to give document to the consumer
22
(1) If an unsolicited consumer agreement was not negotiated by
23
telephone, the dealer who negotiated the agreement must give a
24
copy of the agreement to the consumer under the agreement
25
immediately after the consumer signs the agreement.
26
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
27
subsection.
28
(2) If an unsolicited consumer agreement was negotiated by telephone,
29
the dealer who negotiated the agreement must, within 5 business
30
days after the agreement was made or such longer period agreed by
31
the parties, give to the consumer under the agreement:
32
(a)
personally;
or
33
(b) by post; or
34
(c) with the consumer's consent--by electronic communication;
35
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a document (the agreement document) evidencing the agreement.
1
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
2
subsection.
3
(3) An unsolicited consumer agreement was negotiated by telephone if
4
the negotiations that resulted in the making of the agreement took
5
place by telephone (whether or not other negotiations preceded the
6
making of the agreement).
7
79 Requirements for all unsolicited consumer agreements etc.
8
The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement must ensure
9
that the agreement, or (if the agreement was negotiated by
10
telephone) the agreement document, complies with the following
11
requirements:
12
(a) it must set out in full all the terms of the agreement,
13
including:
14
(i) the total consideration to be paid or provided by the
15
consumer under the agreement or, if the total
16
consideration is not ascertainable at the time the
17
agreement is made, the way in which it is to be
18
calculated; and
19
(ii) any postal or delivery charges to be paid by the
20
consumer;
21
(b) its front page must include a notice that:
22
(i) conspicuously and prominently informs the consumer of
23
the consumer's right to terminate the agreement; and
24
(ii) conspicuously and prominently sets out any other
25
information prescribed by the regulations; and
26
(iii) complies with any other requirements prescribed by the
27
regulations;
28
(c) it must be accompanied by a notice that:
29
(i) may be used by the consumer to terminate the
30
agreement; and
31
(ii) complies with any requirements prescribed by the
32
regulations;
33
(d) it must conspicuously and prominently set out in full:
34
(i) the supplier's name; and
35
(ii) if the supplier has an ABN--the supplier's ABN; and
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88 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(iii) if the supplier does not have an ABN but has an ACN--
1
the supplier's ACN; and
2
(iv) the supplier's business address (not being a post box) or,
3
if the supplier does not have a business address, the
4
supplier's residential address; and
5
(v) if the supplier has an email address--the supplier's
6
email address; and
7
(vi) if the supplier has a fax number--the supplier's fax
8
number;
9
(e) it must be printed clearly or typewritten (apart from any
10
amendments to the printed or typewritten form, which may
11
be handwritten);
12
(f) it must be transparent.
13
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
14
section.
15
80 Additional requirements for unsolicited consumer agreements
16
not negotiated by telephone
17
The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement that was not
18
negotiated by telephone must ensure that, in addition to complying
19
with the requirements of section 79, the agreement complies with
20
the following requirements:
21
(a) the agreement must be signed by the consumer under the
22
agreement;
23
(b) if the agreement is signed by a person on the supplier's
24
behalf--the agreement must state that the person is acting on
25
the supplier's behalf, and must set out in full:
26
(i) the person's name; and
27
(ii) the person's business address (not being a post box) or,
28
if the person does not have a business address, the
29
person's residential address; and
30
(iii) if the person has an email address--the person's email
31
address.
32
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
33
section.
34
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81 Requirements for amendments of unsolicited consumer
1
agreements
2
The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement must ensure
3
that any amendments to the agreement are signed by both parties to
4
the agreement.
5
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
6
section.
7
Subdivision D--Terminating unsolicited consumer agreements
8
82 Terminating an unsolicited consumer agreement during the
9
termination period
10
(1) The consumer under an unsolicited consumer agreement may,
11
during the period provided under subsection (3), terminate the
12
agreement by indicating, in an oral or written notice to the supplier
13
under the agreement, an intention to terminate the agreement.
14
(2) A right of termination under this section may be exercised:
15
(a) despite affirmation of the agreement by the consumer; and
16
(b) even though the agreement has been fully executed.
17
(3) The period during which the consumer may terminate the
18
agreement is whichever of the following periods is the longest:
19
(a) if the agreement was not negotiated by telephone--the period
20
of 10 business days starting at the start of the first business
21
day after the day on which the agreement was made;
22
(b) if the agreement was negotiated by telephone--the period of
23
10 business days starting at the start of the first business day
24
after the day on which the consumer was given the agreement
25
document relating to the agreement;
26
(c) if one or more of the following were contravened in relation
27
to the agreement:
28
(i) section 73 (permitted hours for negotiating an
29
unsolicited consumer agreement);
30
(ii) section 74 (disclosing purpose and identity);
31
(iii) section 75 (ceasing to negotiate on request);
32
the period of 3 months starting at the start of the first day
33
after the day on which the agreement was made or, if the
34
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agreement was negotiated by telephone, the agreement
1
document was given;
2
(d) if one or more of the following were contravened in relation
3
to the agreement:
4
(i) section 76 (informing consumer of termination period);
5
(ii) a provision of Subdivision C (requirements for
6
unsolicited consumer agreements);
7
(iii) section 86 (prohibition on supplies for 10 business
8
days);
9
the period of 6 months starting at the start of the first day
10
after the day on which the agreement was made or, if the
11
agreement was negotiated by telephone, the agreement
12
document was given;
13
(e) such other period as the agreement provides.
14
(4) If the notice under subsection (1) is written, it may be given:
15
(a) by delivering it personally to the supplier; or
16
(b) by delivering it, or sending it by post, in an envelope
17
addressed to the supplier, to the supplier's address referred to
18
in section 79(d)(iv); or
19
(c) if the supplier has an email address--by sending it to the
20
supplier's email address referred to in section 79(d)(v); or
21
(d) if the supplier has a fax number--by faxing it to the
22
supplier's fax number referred to in section 79(d)(vi).
23
(5) A notice under subsection (1) sent by post to a supplier is taken to
24
have been given to the supplier at the time of posting.
25
(6) There are no requirements relating to the form or content of a
26
notice under subsection (1).
27
83 Effect of termination
28
(1) If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
29
with section 82:
30
(a) the agreement is taken to have been rescinded by mutual
31
consent; and
32
(b) any related contract or instrument is void.
33
(2)
A
related contract or instrument, in relation to an unsolicited
34
consumer agreement, is:
35
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(a) any contract of guarantee or indemnity that is related to the
1
agreement; or
2
(b) any instrument related to the agreement that creates a
3
mortgage or charge in favour of the supplier under the
4
contract or the dealer in relation to the contract (or a person
5
nominated by the supplier or dealer); or
6
(c) any contract or instrument (other than an instrument of a kind
7
referred to in paragraph (b)) that is collateral or related to the
8
agreement;
9
but does not include a tied continuing credit contract (within the
10
meaning of section 127(2) of Schedule 1 to the National Consumer
11
Credit Protection Act 2009), or a tied loan contract (within the
12
meaning of section 127(3) of that Schedule).
13
(3) The termination of an unsolicited consumer agreement has effect
14
for the purposes of section 82 and this section even if:
15
(a) the supplier under the agreement has not received the notice
16
of termination; or
17
(b) the goods or services supplied under the agreement have been
18
wholly or partly consumed or used.
19
84 Obligations of suppliers on termination
20
If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
21
with section 82, the supplier under the agreement must,
22
immediately upon being notified of the termination, return or
23
refund to the consumer under the agreement any consideration (or
24
the value of any consideration) that the consumer gave under the
25
agreement or a related contract or instrument.
26
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
27
section.
28
85 Obligations and rights of consumers on termination
29
(1) If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
30
with section 82, the consumer under the agreement must, within a
31
reasonable time:
32
(a) return to the supplier under the agreement any goods:
33
(i) that have been received from the supplier under the
34
agreement; and
35
(ii) that the consumer has not already consumed; or
36
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(b) notify the supplier of the place where the supplier may
1
collect the goods.
2
(2) The goods become the property of the consumer, freed and
3
discharged from all liens and charges of any description, if:
4
(a) the consumer gives notice to the supplier under
5
subsection (1)(b); and
6
(b) the supplier does not collect the goods within 30 days after
7
the termination of the contract.
8
(3)
If:
9
(a) the agreement is terminated in accordance with section 82
10
after the end of the period of 10 business days starting:
11
(i) if the agreement was not negotiated by telephone--at
12
the start of the first business day after the day on which
13
the agreement was made; or
14
(ii) if the agreement was negotiated by telephone--at the
15
start of the first business day after the day on which the
16
consumer was given the agreement document relating to
17
the agreement; and
18
(b) the consumer returns the goods to the supplier, or the supplier
19
collects the goods, under this section; and
20
(c) the consumer has failed to take reasonable care of the goods;
21
the consumer is liable to pay compensation to the supplier for the
22
damage to, or depreciation in the value of, the goods.
23
(4) The compensation is recoverable in a court of competent
24
jurisdiction.
25
(5) However, the consumer is not liable for any such damage or
26
depreciation attributable to normal use of the goods or to
27
circumstances beyond the consumer's control.
28
(6)
If:
29
(a) an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in
30
accordance with section 82 after the end of the period of 10
31
business days starting:
32
(i) if the agreement was not negotiated by telephone--at
33
the start of the first business day after the day on which
34
the agreement was made; or
35
(ii) if the agreement was negotiated by telephone--at the
36
start of the first business day after the day on which the
37
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consumer was given the agreement document relating to
1
the agreement; and
2
(b) prior to the termination, but after the end of that period, a
3
service was supplied under the agreement;
4
the termination does not affect any liability of the consumer under
5
the agreement to provide consideration for the service.
6
86 Prohibition on supplies etc. for 10 business days
7
(1) The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement must not:
8
(a) supply to the consumer under the agreement the goods or
9
services to be supplied under the agreement; or
10
(b) accept any payment, or any other consideration, in
11
connection with those goods or services; or
12
(c) require any payment, or any other consideration, in
13
connection with those goods or services;
14
during the period of 10 business days starting:
15
(d) if the agreement was not negotiated by telephone--at the
16
start of the first business day after the day on which the
17
agreement was made; or
18
(e) if the agreement was negotiated by telephone--at the start of
19
the first business day after the day on which the consumer
20
was given the agreement document relating to the agreement.
21
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
22
subsection.
23
(2) If the supplier supplies goods to the consumer in contravention of
24
this section, the consumer has the same rights in relation to the
25
goods as if the goods were unsolicited goods.
26
Note:
Section 41 deals with unsolicited goods.
27
(3) If the supplier supplies services to the consumer in contravention
28
of this section, the consumer has the same rights in relation to the
29
services as if the services were unsolicited services.
30
Note:
Section 42 deals with unsolicited services.
31
87 Repayment of payments received after termination
32
If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
33
with section 82, the supplier under the agreement must
34
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immediately refund to the consumer under the agreement any
1
payment:
2
(a) that the consumer, or a person acting on the consumer's
3
behalf, makes to the supplier after the termination; and
4
(b) that purports to be made under the agreement or a related
5
contract or instrument.
6
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
7
section.
8
88 Prohibition on recovering amounts after termination
9
(1) If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
10
with section 82, a person must not:
11
(a) bring, or assert an intention to bring, legal proceedings
12
against the consumer; or
13
(b) take, or assert an intention to take, any other action against
14
the consumer;
15
in relation to an amount alleged to be payable, under the agreement
16
or a related contract or instrument, by the consumer under the
17
agreement.
18
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
19
subsection.
20
(2) If an unsolicited consumer agreement is terminated in accordance
21
with section 82, a person must not, for the purpose of recovering an
22
amount alleged to be payable, under the agreement or a related
23
contract or instrument, by the consumer under the agreement:
24
(a) place the consumer's name, or cause the consumer's name to
25
be placed, on a list of defaulters or debtors; or
26
(b) assert an intention to place the consumer's name, or cause the
27
consumer's name to be placed, on such a list.
28
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
29
subsection.
30
(3) Without limiting Division 2 of Part 5-2, an injunction granted
31
under that Division may require a person responsible for keeping a
32
list of defaulters or debtors on which the consumer's name has
33
been wrongly placed to remove the name from that list.
34
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Subdivision E--Miscellaneous
1
89 Certain provisions of unsolicited consumer agreements void
2
(1) A provision (however described) of an unsolicited consumer
3
agreement is void if it has the effect of, or purports to have the
4
effect of:
5
(a) excluding, limiting, modifying or restricting a right of the
6
consumer under the agreement to terminate the agreement
7
under this Division; or
8
(b) otherwise excluding, limiting, modifying or restricting the
9
effect or operation of this Division; or
10
(c) making a dispute relating to the agreement, or to a supply to
11
which the agreement relates, justiciable by a court by which
12
the dispute would not otherwise be justiciable.
13
(2) The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement must ensure
14
that the agreement does not include, or purport to include, a
15
provision (however described) that is, or would be, void because of
16
subsection (1).
17
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
18
subsection.
19
(3) The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement must not
20
attempt to enforce or rely on a provision (however described) that
21
is void because of subsection (1).
22
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
23
subsection.
24
90 Waiver of rights
25
(1) The consumer under an unsolicited consumer agreement is not
26
competent to waive any right conferred by this Division.
27
(2) The supplier under the unsolicited consumer agreement must not
28
induce, or attempt to induce, the consumer to waive any right
29
conferred by this Division.
30
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
31
subsection.
32
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91 Application of this Division to persons to whom rights of
1
consumers and suppliers are assigned etc.
2
(1) This Division applies in relation to a person to whom the rights of
3
a consumer (the original consumer) under a contract for the supply
4
of goods or services are assigned or transferred, or pass by
5
operation of law, (whether from the original consumer or from
6
another person) as if the person were the original consumer.
7
(2) This Division applies in relation to a person to whom the rights of
8
a supplier (the original supplier) under a contract for the supply of
9
goods or services are assigned or transferred, or pass by operation
10
of law, (whether from the original supplier or from another person)
11
as if the person were the original supplier.
12
92 Application of this Division to supplies to third parties
13
This Division applies in relation to a contract for the supply of
14
goods or services to a consumer (the original consumer) on the
15
order of another person as if the other person were also the
16
consumer.
17
93 Effect of contravening this Division
18
(1) The supplier under an unsolicited consumer agreement cannot
19
enforce the agreement against the consumer under the agreement if
20
a provision of this Division (other than section 85) has been
21
contravened in relation to the agreement.
22
(2) This section does not prevent any action being taken under this
23
Schedule in relation to the contravention.
24
94 Regulations may limit the application of this Division
25
This Division (other than section 73) does not apply, or provisions
26
of this Division (other than section 73) that are specified in the
27
regulations do not apply, to or in relation to:
28
(a) circumstances of a kind specified in the regulations; or
29
(b) agreements of a kind specified in the regulations; or
30
(c) the conduct of businesses of a kind specified in the
31
regulations.
32
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95 Application of this Division to certain conduct covered by the
1
Corporations Act
2
This Division does not apply in relation to conduct to which
3
section 736, 992A or 992AA of the Corporations Act 2001 applies.
4
Note:
Section 736 of the Corporations Act 2001 prohibits hawking of
5
securities. Section 992A of that Act prohibits hawking of certain
6
financial products. Section 992AA of that Act prohibits hawking of
7
managed investment products.
8
9
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98 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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Division 3--Lay-by agreements
1
96 Lay-by agreements must be in writing etc.
2
(1) A supplier of consumer goods who is a party to a lay-by agreement
3
must ensure that:
4
(a) the agreement is in writing; and
5
(b) a copy of the agreement is given to the consumer to whom
6
the goods are, or are to be, supplied.
7
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
8
subsection.
9
(2) A supplier of consumer goods who is a party to a lay-by agreement
10
must ensure that the agreement is transparent.
11
(3)
A
lay-by agreement is an agreement between a supplier of
12
consumer goods and a consumer for the supply, in trade or
13
commerce, of the consumer goods on terms (whether express or
14
implied) which provide that:
15
(a) the goods will not be delivered to the consumer until the total
16
price of the goods has been paid; and
17
(b) the price of the goods is to be paid by:
18
(i) 3 or more instalments; or
19
(ii) if the agreement specifies that it is a lay-by agreement--
20
2 or more instalments.
21
(4) For the purposes of subsection (3)(b), any deposit paid by the
22
consumer for the consumer goods is taken to be an instalment.
23
97 Termination of lay-by agreements by consumers
24
(1) A consumer who is party to a lay-by agreement may terminate the
25
agreement at any time before the consumer goods to which the
26
agreement relates are delivered to the consumer under the
27
agreement.
28
(2) A supplier of consumer goods who is a party to a lay-by agreement
29
must ensure that the agreement does not require the consumer to
30
pay a charge (a termination charge) for the termination of the
31
agreement unless:
32
(a) the agreement is terminated by the consumer; and
33
(b) the supplier has not breached the agreement.
34
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Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
1
subsection.
2
(3) A supplier of consumer goods who is a party to a lay-by agreement
3
must ensure that, if the agreement provides that a termination
4
charge is payable, the amount of the charge is not more than the
5
supplier's reasonable costs in relation to the agreement.
6
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
7
subsection.
8
98 Termination of lay-by agreements by suppliers
9
A supplier of consumer goods who is a party to a lay-by agreement
10
must not terminate the agreement unless:
11
(a) the consumer who is a party to the agreement breached a
12
term of the agreement; or
13
(b) the supplier is no longer engaged in trade or commerce; or
14
(c) the consumer goods to which the agreement relates are no
15
longer available.
16
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
17
section.
18
99 Effect of termination
19
(1) If a lay-by agreement is terminated by a party to the agreement, the
20
supplier must refund to the consumer all the amounts paid by the
21
consumer under the agreement other than any termination charge
22
that is payable under the agreement.
23
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
24
subsection.
25
(2) The supplier is entitled to recover any unpaid termination charge
26
from the consumer as a debt if the amounts paid by the consumer
27
under the lay-by agreement are not enough to cover the charge.
28
(3) If a lay-by agreement is terminated by a party to the agreement, the
29
supplier is not entitled to damages, or to enforce any other remedy,
30
in relation to that termination except as provided for by this
31
section.
32
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Division 4--Miscellaneous
1
100 Supplier must provide proof of transaction etc.
2
(1)
If:
3
(a) a person (the supplier), in trade or commerce, supplies goods
4
or services to a consumer; and
5
(b) the total price (excluding GST) of the goods or services is
6
$75 or more;
7
the supplier must give the consumer a proof of transaction as soon
8
as practicable after the goods or services are so supplied.
9
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
10
subsection.
11
(2)
If:
12
(a) a person (the supplier), in trade or commerce, supplies goods
13
or services to a consumer; and
14
(b) the total price (excluding GST) of the goods or services is
15
less than $75;
16
the consumer may request a proof of transaction from the supplier
17
as soon as practicable after the goods or services are so supplied.
18
(3) If a request is made under subsection (2), the supplier must give
19
the proof of transaction within 7 days after the request is made.
20
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
21
subsection.
22
(4)
A
proof of transaction for a supply of goods or services to a
23
consumer is a document that:
24
(a) identifies the supplier of the goods or services; and
25
(b) if the supplier has an ABN--states the supplier's ABN; and
26
(c) if the supplier does not have an ABN but has an ACN--states
27
the supplier's ACN; and
28
(d) states the date of the supply; and
29
(e) states the goods or services supplied to the consumer; and
30
(f) states the price of the goods or services.
31
Note:
The following are examples of a proof of transaction:
32
(a) a tax invoice within the meaning of the A New Tax System
33
(Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999;
34
(b) a cash register receipt;
35
(c) a credit card or debit card statement;
36
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(d) a
handwritten
receipt;
1
(e) a lay-by agreement;
2
(f) a confirmation or receipt number provided for a telephone or
3
internet transaction.
4
(5) The supplier must ensure that the proof of transaction given under
5
subsection (1) or (3) is transparent.
6
101 Consumer may request an itemised bill
7
(1) If a person (the supplier), in trade or commerce, supplies services
8
to a consumer, the consumer may request that the supplier give the
9
consumer an itemised bill that:
10
(a) specifies how the price of the services was calculated; and
11
(b) includes, if applicable, the number of hours of labour that
12
related to the supply of the services and the hourly rate for
13
that labour; and
14
(c) includes, if applicable, a list of the materials used to supply
15
the services and the amount charged for those materials.
16
(2) The request under subsection (1) must be made within 30 days
17
after:
18
(a) the services are supplied; or
19
(b) the consumer receives a bill or account from the supplier for
20
the supply of the services;
21
whichever occurs later.
22
(3) The supplier must give the consumer the itemised bill within 7
23
days after the request is made.
24
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
25
subsection.
26
(4) The supplier must not charge the consumer for the itemised bill.
27
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
28
subsection.
29
(5) The supplier must ensure that the itemised bill is transparent.
30
102 Prescribed requirements for warranties against defects
31
(1) The regulations may prescribe requirements relating to the form
32
and content of warranties against defects.
33
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102 Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. ,
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(2) A person must not, in connection with the supply, in trade or
1
commerce, of goods or services to a consumer:
2
(a) give to the consumer a document that evidences a warranty
3
against defects that does not comply with the requirements
4
prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1); or
5
(b) represent directly to the consumer that the goods or services
6
are goods or services to which such a warranty against
7
defects relates.
8
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
9
subsection.
10
(3)
A
warranty against defects is a representation communicated to a
11
consumer in connection with the supply of goods or services, at or
12
about the time of supply, to the effect that a person will
13
(unconditionally or on specified conditions):
14
(a) repair or replace the goods or part of them; or
15
(b) provide again or rectify the services or part of them; or
16
(c) wholly or partly recompense the consumer;
17
if the goods or services or part of them are defective, and includes
18
any document by which such a representation is evidenced.
19
103 Repairers must comply with prescribed requirements
20
(1) The regulations may prescribe requirements relating to the form
21
and content of notices to be given relating to the repair of
22
consumer goods.
23
(2) A person (the repairer) must not, in trade or commerce, accept
24
from another person goods that the other person acquired as a
25
consumer if the repairer:
26
(a) accepts the goods for the purpose of repairing them; and
27
(b) does not give to the other person a notice that complies with
28
the requirements prescribed for the purposes of
29
subsection (1).
30
Note:
A pecuniary penalty may be imposed for a contravention of this
31
subsection.
32
The Australian Consumer Law Schedule 1
Trade Practices Amendment (Australian Consumer Law) Bill (No. 2) 2010 No. , 2010
103
Part 3-3--Safety of consumer goods and product
1
related services
2
Division 1--Safety standards
3
104 Making safety standards for consumer goods and product
4
related services
5
(1) The Commonwealth Minister may, by written notice published on
6
the internet, make a safety standard for one or both of the
7
following:
8
(a) consumer goods of a particular kind;
9
(b) product related services of a particular kind.
10
(2) A safety standard for consumer goods of a particular kind may
11
consist of such requirements about the following matters as are
12
reasonably necessary to prevent or reduce risk of injury to any
13
person:
14
(a) the performance, composition, contents, methods of
15
manufacture or processing, design, construction, finish or
16
packaging of consumer goods of that kind;
17
(b) the testing of consumer goods of that kind during, or after the
18
completion of, manufacture or processing;
19
(c) the form and content of markings, warnings or instructions to
20 <