The course provider and the tuition assurance scheme operator are jointly and severally liable to pay a debt due to the Commonwealth if:
(a) the debt is due because a student's FEE-HELP balance was re-credited (see subsection 22(1)); and
(b) the student's FEE-HELP balance was re-credited because a course was not delivered to completion; and
(c) an approved tuition assurance arrangement applies (or applied) in relation to the student for the course.