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Toben v Jones     85

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Faruqi v Hanson (Costs)	[2024] FCA 1389	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	4 Dec 2024	AustLII
Faruqi v Hanson	[2024] FCA 1264	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	1 Nov 2024	AustLII		3
Faruqi v Hanson (evidence rulings)	[2024] FCA 225	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	12 Mar 2024	AustLII		2
Kaplan v Victoria (No 8)	[2023] FCA 1092	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	14 Sep 2023	AustLII		6
Valkyrie and Hill v Shelton	[2023] QCAT 302	Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Queensland	18 Aug 2023	AustLII		1
Gan v Xie	[2023] NSWCA 163; (2023) 378 FLR 418	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	17 Jul 2023	AustLII		20
Western Sydney University v Thiab	[2023] NSWCA 57; (2023) 111 NSWLR 241	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	29 Mar 2023	AustLII		2
Thiab v Western Sydney University	[2022] NSWSC 760	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	10 Jun 2022	AustLII		1
Bharatiya v Antonio	[2022] FCA 428	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	26 Apr 2022	AustLII		3
Rep v Clinch	[2021] ACAT 106	Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Australian Capital Territory	3 Nov 2021	AustLII		6
Ford v Inghams Enterprises Pty Ltd (No 3)	[2020] FCA 1784	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Dec 2020	AustLII		8
Prins v News Corporation Australia Pty Ltd	[2019] FCA 2002	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Nov 2019	AustLII		1
Civil Service Association of Western Australia Incorporated v Director-General, Department of Justice	[2019] WAIRComm 713	Western Australian Industrial Relations Commission	Australia - Western Australia	16 Sep 2019	AustLII
Ekermawi v Nine Network Australia Pty Ltd	[2019] NSWCATAD 29	New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal - Administrative and Equal Opportunity Division	Australia - New South Wales	15 Feb 2019	AustLII		3
Prins v News Corporation Australia Pty Ltd	[2018] FCCA 3597	Federal Circuit Court of Australia	Australia	6 Dec 2018	AustLII		2
Durston v Anti-Discrimination Tribunal (No 2)	[2018] TASSC 48	Supreme Court of Tasmania	Australia - Tasmania	4 Oct 2018	AustLII		18
Bottrill v Sunol	[2017] ACAT 81	Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Australian Capital Territory	9 Oct 2017	AustLII		8
Burns v McKee	[2017] NSWCATAD 66	New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal - Administrative and Equal Opportunity Division	Australia - New South Wales	6 Mar 2017	AustLII		1
Prior v Wood	[2017] FCA 193	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Mar 2017	AustLII		8
"Table of Cases"	[2017] ELECD 4	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2017	AustLII
Prior v Queensland University of Technology	[2016] FCCA 2853	Federal Circuit Court of Australia	Australia	4 Nov 2016	AustLII		5
Burns v Sunol	[2016] NSWCATAD 16	New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal - Administrative and Equal Opportunity Division	Australia - New South Wales	21 Jan 2016	AustLII		7
"Table of Cases"	[2016] ELECD 105	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2016	AustLII
Toben v Nationwide News Pty Ltd; Toben v Mathieson	[2015] NSWSC 1784	Supreme Court of New South Wales	Australia - New South Wales	30 Nov 2015	AustLII		11
Jin v The University of Queensland	[2015] FCCA 2982	Federal Circuit Court of Australia	Australia	5 Nov 2015	AustLII
Sunol v Burns	[2015] NSWCATAP 207	New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal - Appeal Panel	Australia - New South Wales	24 Sep 2015	AustLII		11
Edwards v New South Wales	[2015] FCCA 124	Federal Circuit Court of Australia	Australia	17 Feb 2015	AustLII
Jones v Trad	[2013] NSWCA 389; (2013) 86 NSWLR 241	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	20 Nov 2013	AustLII		53
Cleary v Rinaudo	[2013] ACTCA 32; 8 ACTLR 71; (2013) 278 FLR 231	Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory - Court of Appeal	Australia - Australian Capital Territory	9 Aug 2013	AustLII		9
Aitken v Victoria - Department of Education & Early Childhood Development	[2012] VCAT 1547	Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Victoria	18 Oct 2012	AustLII		32
Cargnello v DPP (Cth)	[2012] NSWCCA 162; (2012) 266 FLR 464; (2012) 224 A Crim R 204	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Criminal Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	3 Aug 2012	AustLII		25
Bindaree Beef Pty Ltd v The Australasian Meat Industry Employees' Union, Newcastle and Northern Branch on behalf of Riley	[2012] NSWIRComm 74	New South Wales Industrial Relations Commission	Australia - New South Wales	11 Jul 2012	AustLII		4
Owen v Menzies	[2012] QCA 170; [2013] 2 Qd R 327; (2012) 293 ALR 571; (2012) 265 FLR 392	Supreme Court of Queensland - Court of Appeal	Australia - Queensland	22 Jun 2012	AustLII		115
O'Connell v Western Australia	[2012] WASCA 96	Supreme Court of Western Australia - Court of Appeal	Australia - Western Australia	4 May 2012	AustLII		51
Cugura v Frankston City Council	[2012] FMCA 340	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	24 Apr 2012	AustLII		9
Clarke v Nationwide News Pty Ltd t/as Sunday Times	[2012] FCA 307; (2012) 201 FCR 389; (2012) 289 ALR 345	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	27 Mar 2012	AustLII		30
Sunol v Collier (No 2)	[2012] NSWCA 44; (2012) 289 ALR 128; (2012) 260 FLR 414	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	22 Mar 2012	AustLII		85
Suleyman v The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly (Anti-Discrimination)	[2011] VCAT 2305	Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal	Australia - Victoria	16 Dec 2011	AustLII
George v Northern Health (No 3)	[2011] FMCA 894	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	28 Nov 2011	AustLII		6
Eatock v Bolt	[2011] FCA 1103; (2011) 197 FCR 261; (2011) 283 ALR 505	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	28 Sep 2011	AustLII		82
APS Group (Placements) Pty Ltd v O ’ Loughlin	[2011] FWAFB 5230; (2011) 209 IR 351	Fair Work Australia	Australia	8 Aug 2011	AustLII		49
Noble v Baldwin	[2011] FMCA 283	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	28 Apr 2011	AustLII		4
Bayford v Maxxia Pty Ltd	[2011] FMCA 202; (2011) 207 IR 50	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	12 Apr 2011	AustLII		8
Barclay v Board of Bendigo Regional Institute of Technical and Further Education	[2011] FCAFC 14; (2011) 191 FCR 212; (2011) 274 ALR 570; (2011) 203 IR 312	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	9 Feb 2011	AustLII		96
Secretary, Dept of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations v Ergin	[2010] FCA 1438; 119 ALD 155; (2010) 54 AAR 60	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	22 Dec 2010	AustLII		22
Trad v Jones (No 3)	[2009] NSWADT 318	Administrative Decisions Tribunal	Australia - New South Wales	21 Dec 2009	AustLII		18
Jones v Toben	[2009] FCA 354; (2009) 255 ALR 238	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Apr 2009	AustLII		9
Burns v Laws (EOD)	[2008] NSWADTAP 32	Administrative Decisions Tribunal	Australia - New South Wales	16 May 2008	AustLII		28
Duncan v Commissioner of Fair Trading, New South Wales Office of Fair Trading	[2008] NSWADT 121	Administrative Decisions Tribunal	Australia - New South Wales	24 Apr 2008	AustLII		6
Re Toohey and Tax Agents ’ Board	[2008] AATA 262; [2008] ATC 10-012; 101 ALD 376; 70 ATR 939	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	2 Apr 2008	AustLII		13
Delaney v Liberal Party of Australia (Tas)	[2008] TASADT 2	Anti-Discrimination Tribunal of Tasmania	Australia - Tasmania	27 Feb 2008	AustLII		2
Silberberg v Builders Collective of Australia Inc	[2007] FCA 1512; (2007) 164 FCR 475; (2007) 98 ALD 54; [2007] EOC 93-478	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Oct 2007	AustLII		13
AB v Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages	[2007] FCAFC 140; (2007) 162 FCR 528; 257 CLR 556; (2007) 240 ALR 399; (2007) 97 ALD 548; [2007] EOC 93-471	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	29 Aug 2007	AustLII		14
New South Wales v Bujdoso	[2007] NSWCA 44; (2007) 69 NSWLR 302; [2007] Aust Torts Reports 81-876	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	13 Mar 2007	AustLII		23
Obieta v New South Wales Department of Education and Training	[2007] FCA 86	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	7 Feb 2007	AustLII		18
Jones v The Bible Believers ’ Church	[2007] FCA 55	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Feb 2007	AustLII		12
"Table of Cases"	[2007] ELECD 38	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII
Catch the Fire Ministries Inc v Islamic Council of Victoria Inc	[2006] VSCA 284; (2006) 15 VR 207; (2006) 206 FLR 56; (2006) 235 ALR 750	Supreme Court of Victoria - Court of Appeal	Australia - Victoria	14 Dec 2006	AustLII		83
Hella Australia Pty Ltd and Secretary, Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources, Re	[2006] AATA 1103; (2006) 94 ALD 797	Administrative Appeals Tribunal	Australia	1 Dec 2006	AustLII		3
Sunol v Collier	[2006] NSWADTAP 51	Administrative Decisions Tribunal	Australia - New South Wales	27 Sep 2006	AustLII		25
AB v Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages	[2006] FCA 1071; (2006) 235 ALR 147; (2006) 92 ALD 570; [2006] EOC 93-447	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Aug 2006	AustLII		12
Cohen v Hargous	[2006] NSWADT 209	Administrative Decisions Tribunal	Australia - New South Wales	20 Jul 2006	AustLII		6
Kelly-Country v Beers	[2004] FMCA 336; 181 FLR 352; (2004) 207 ALR 421	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	21 May 2004	AustLII		6
Bropho v Human Rights & Equal Opportunity Commission	[2004] FCAFC 16; (2004) 135 FCR 105; (2004) 204 ALR 761; (2004) 77 ALD 331; [2004] EOC 93-313	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	6 Feb 2004	AustLII		171

Law Reform Reports Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Fighting Words: A Review of Sedition Laws in Australia	[2006] ALRC 104	Australian Law Reform Commission	Australia	circa 2006	AustLII

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
"Corrective Justice and Redress under Australia's Racial Vilification Laws"	(2021) 40 University of Queensland Law Journal 27	Swannie, Bill	Australia	circa 2021	AustLII
"Practising Law under the Human Rights Act 2019" [2019] JCULawRw 2	(2019) 25 James Cook University Law Review 1	Mitchell, Bill	Australia	circa 2019	AustLII		1
"Burns v Corbett: What If the High Court Had Decided the Implied Freedom of Political Communication Issue?"	[2018] UNDAULawRw 4	Thompson, a Keith K	Australia	circa 2018	AustLII
"Regulating Cyber-Racism"	(2017) 41 Melbourne University Law Review 284	Mason, Gail; Czapski, Natalie	Australia	circa 2017	AustLII
"Table of Cases"	[2017] ELECD 4	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2017	AustLII
"Table of Cases"	[2016] ELECD 105	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2016	AustLII
"The Novel as Social Satire: 60 Years Later, The Wind Done Gone and the Limitations of Fair Use"	(2012) 17 Deakin Law Review 425	Thampapillai, Dilan	Australia	circa 2012	AustLII
"Unfinished Matters: The Federal and State Supreme Courts on Constitutional Law: The 2003 Term"	[2011] UNSWLRS 45	McColl, Ruth	Australia	circa 2011	AustLII
"A Blot on Bolt"	[2011] NSWBarAssocNews 77	Knoll, David	Australia	circa 2011	AustLII
"Table of Cases"	[2007] ELECD 38	Edited Legal Collections Data	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII
"Changing Sex on the Birth Register - Leave Room for 'I'! Regulation and Repression: of Transsexual Identities in Theory and Law"	(2007) 10 Flinders Journal of Law Reform 211	Harrison-Smith, Lachlan	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII
"The Constitutional (In)validity of Religious Vilification Laws: Implications for their Interpretation"	(2006) 34 (2) Federal Law Review 287	Aroney, Nicholas	Australia	circa 2006	AustLII		1
"Cases Involving Questions of Public International Law 2003"	(2005) 24 Australian Year Book of International Law 265	Olbourne, Ben; Rothwell, Donald R; Stephens, Tim	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII
"General damages for wrongful birth: Brown v Dr Thoo (unreported)" [2005] PrecedentAULA 14	(2005) 66 Precedent 50	Walsh, Anna	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII
"The Protection of Political Communication under the Australian Constitution"	(2005) 28 University of New South Wales Law Journal 30	Meagher, Dan	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII		9
"Hate Speech in Australia: Emerging Questions"	(2005) 28 University of New South Wales Law Journal 861	Gelber, Katharine	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII		1
"Speaking of Terror: Criminalising Incitement to Violence"	(2005) 28 University of New South Wales Law Journal 868	Saul, Ben	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII		5
"Regulating History: Australian Racial Vilification Law and History Denial"	(2005) 24 University of Queensland Law Journal 499	Meagher, Dan	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII		1
"Has the Racial Discrimination Act Contributed to Eliminating Racial Discrimination? Analysing the Litigation Track Record 2000-2004"	(2005) 11 Australian Journal of Human Rights 6	Gaze, Beth	Australia	circa 2005	AustLII		4
"Unfinished Matters: The Federal and State Supreme Courts on Consitutional Law - The 2003 Term"	(2004) 27 University of New South Wales Law Journal 777	McColl, Ruth	Australia	circa 2004	AustLII
"What Is Political Communication - The Rationale and Scope of the Implied Freedom of Political Communication"	(2004) 28 Melbourne University Law Review 438	Meagher, Dan	Australia	circa 2004	AustLII		16
"History, Memory and Judgment: Holocaust Denial, the History Wars and Law's Problems with the Past"	(2004) 26 Sydney Law Review 353	McNamara, Lawrence	Australia	circa 2004	AustLII		4
"So Far So Good?: A Critical Evaluation of Racial Vilification Laws in Australia"	(2004) 32 (2) Federal Law Review 225	Meagher, Dan	Australia	circa 2004	AustLII		2

Legislation Cited

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
McGlade v Lightfoot	[2002] FCA 1457; (2002) 124 FCR 106; (2002) 73 ALD 385; [2003] EOC 93-252	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	26 Nov 2002	AustLII		22
Jones v Scully	[2002] FCA 1080; (2002) 120 FCR 243; 120 FLR 243; (2002) 71 ALD 567; [2002] EOC 93-238	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 Sep 2002	AustLII		105
Dart v Norwich Union Life Australia Ltd	[2002] FCA 168	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 2002	AustLII		14
Maher v Commonwealth Banking Corporation	[2002] FCAFC 104	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 2002	AustLII		5
Kapoor v Monash University	[2001] VSCA 247; (2001) 4 VR 483; [2002] EOC 93-188	Supreme Court of Victoria - Court of Appeal	Australia - Victoria	21 Dec 2001	AustLII		44
Creek v Cairns Post Pty Ltd	[2001] FCA 1007; (2001) 112 FCR 352; [2001] EOC 93-168	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	31 Jul 2001	AustLII		70
Hagan v Trustees of the Toowoomba Sports Ground Trust	[2001] FCA 123; (2001) 105 FCR 56; [2001] EOC 93-141	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	23 Feb 2001	AustLII		28
Hagan v Trustees of the Toowoomba Sports Ground Trust	[2000] FCA 1615	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	10 Nov 2000	AustLII		49
Macedonian Teachers' Association of Victoria Inc v Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission	[1998] FCA 1650; (1998) 91 FCR 8; (1998) 160 ALR 489; [1999] EOC 93-009	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Dec 1998	AustLII		82
Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation	[1997] HCA 25; (1997) 189 CLR 520; (1997) 8 FLR 216; (1997) 145 ALR 96; (1997) 71 ALJR 818; [1997] Aust Torts Reports 81-434; 2 BHRC 513; (1997) 2 CHRLD 231; (1997) 10 Leg Rep 2	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	8 Jul 1997	AustLII		1236
CIC Insurance Ltd v Bankstown Football Club Ltd	[1997] HCA 2; (1997) 187 CLR 384; (1997) 141 ALR 618; (1997) 71 ALJR 312; (1997) 9 ANZ Insurance Cases 61-348; [1997] 3 Leg Rep 2	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 1997	AustLII		1961
Victoria v The Commonwealth	(1996) 187 CLR 416		Australia - Commonwealth	circa 1996	Legal Online / Westlaw		433
Oyston v Blaker	[1996] 1 WLR 1326		United Kingdom	circa 1996	LexisNexis / Westlaw		4
University of Ballarat v Bridges	[1995] VICSC 90; [1995] VicRp 63; [1995] 2 VR 418; (1995) 58 IR 300	Supreme Court of Victoria - Court of Appeal	Australia - Victoria	4 Apr 1995	AustLII		28
Wickstead v Browne	[1992] NSWCA 272; (1992) 30 NSWLR 1	Supreme Court of New South Wales - Court of Appeal	Australia - New South Wales	24 Dec 1992	AustLII		519
Waters v Public Transport Corporation	[1991] HCA 49; (1992) 173 CLR 349; (1991) 103 ALR 513; (1991) 66 ALJR 47; [1991] EOC 92-390	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Dec 1991	AustLII		975
D é cor Corporation Pty Ltd v Dart Industries Inc	[1991] FCA 844; [1991] FCAFC 844; (1991) 33 FCR 397; (1991) 104 ALR 621; 23 IPR 1; [1992] AIPC 38,193	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 1991	AustLII		1589
Concrete Constructions (NSW) Pty Ltd v Nelson	[1990] HCA 17; (1990) 169 CLR 594; (1990) 92 ALR 193; 17 IPR 39; (1990) 64 ALJR 293; [1990] Aust Torts Reports 81-020; [1990] ATPR 41-022; [1990] ASC 55-970	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 May 1990	AustLII		682
Australian Iron & Steel Pty Ltd v Banovic	[1989] HCA 56; (1989) 168 CLR 165; (1989) 89 ALR 1; (1989) 29 IR 398; [1989] EOC 92-271; (1989) 64 ALJR 53	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	5 Dec 1989	AustLII		335
Richardson v Forestry Commission	[1988] HCA 10; 164 CLR 261; 73 ALR 589; 61 ALJR 528; 90 ILR 58	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 1988	AustLII		183
Commonwealth v Tasmania	[1983] HCA 21; (1983) 158 CLR 1; (1983) 46 ALR 625; (1983) 57 ALJR 450; 68 ILR 266	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	1 Jul 1983	AustLII		994
Parkdale Custom Built Furniture Pty Ltd v Puxu Pty Ltd	[1982] HCA 44; (1982) 149 CLR 191; (1982) 42 ALR 1; (1982) 56 ALJR 715; [1982] ATPR 40-307; 1A IPR 684; 1 TPR 282	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Aug 1982	AustLII		1558
Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen	[1982] HCA 27; (1982) 153 CLR 168; (1982) 39 ALR 417; (1982) 56 ALJR 625	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 May 1982	AustLII		526
Hornsby Building Information Centre Pty Ltd v Sydney Building Information Centre Ltd	[1978] HCA 11; (1978) 140 CLR 216; (1978) 18 ALR 639; [1978] ATPR 40-067; (1978) 52 ALJR 392; (1978) 3 TPC 244; [1978] ASC 55-010; (1978) 1B IPR 818; 18 A Crim R 639	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	19 Apr 1978	AustLII		709
Hall v Nominal Defendant	[1966] HCA 36; (1966) 117 CLR 423; [1966] ALR 705; (1966) 40 ALJR 102	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	23 May 1966	AustLII		620
"The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination"	(1966) 15 International and Comparative Law Quarterly 996	International and Comparative Law Quarterly	United Kingdom	circa 1966	HeinOnline / Westlaw		8
Airlines of NSW Pty Ltd v New South Wales (No 2)	[1965] HCA 3; (1965) 113 CLR 54; [1965] ALR 984; (1964-1965) 38 ALJR 388	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Feb 1965	AustLII		146
Vines v Djordjevitch	[1955] HCA 19; (1955) 91 CLR 512; [1955] ALR 431; (1955) 29 ALJR 31	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	1 Apr 1955	AustLII		338
Silk Bros Pty Ltd v State Electricity Commission (Vic)	[1943] HCA 2; (1943) 67 CLR 1; [1943] ALR 142	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	circa 1943	AustLII		123
Inglis v Robertson	[1898] UKLawRpAC 38; [1898] AC 616; (1897) 24 Rettie 7777; (1898) 25 R (Ctof Sess) 70; 25 R (HL) 70		United Kingdom - Scotland	11 Jul 1898	CommonLII		39