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BHP Billiton Finance Ltd v FCT   flag 

[2009] FCA 276; (2009) 72 ATR 746; [2009] ATC 20-097
Federal Court of Australia
Australia - Commonwealth
30th March, 2009

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
Delma Investments Pty Ltd v Commissioner of State Revenue [2024] VSC 649 Supreme Court of Victoria Australia - Victoria 25 Oct 2024 AustLII flag
Sapphire Holdings Group Ltd v Medina [2023] VSC 714 Supreme Court of Victoria Australia - Victoria 4 Dec 2023 AustLII flag
Nerang Subdivision Pty Ltd v Hutson [2023] QSC 268 Supreme Court of Queensland Australia - Queensland 1 Dec 2023 AustLII flag
Anglo American Investments Pty Ltd (Trustee) v Commissioner of Taxation [2022] FCA 971 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 19 Aug 2022 AustLII flag
Commissioner of State Revenue v Telgrove Pty Ltd [2021] QCATA 67 Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal Appeals Australia - Queensland 28 May 2021 AustLII flag
Sole Luna Pty Ltd as Trustee for the PA Wade No 2 Settlement Trust v Commissioner of Taxation [2019] FCA 1195; (2019) 110 ATR 307 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 2 Aug 2019 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v BHP Billiton Ltd [2019] FCAFC 4; 263 FCR 334 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 29 Jan 2019 AustLII flag
Dometic Australia Pty Ltd v Houghton Leisure Products Pty Ltd [2018] FCA 1573; 135 IPR 403 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 19 Oct 2018 AustLII flag
Countrywide Austral Pty Ltd v Emergency Media Pty Ltd [2018] VSC 540 Supreme Court of Victoria Australia - Victoria 18 Sep 2018 AustLII flag
MWYS and Commissioner of Taxation (Taxation) [2017] AATA 3037 Administrative Appeals Tribunal Australia 22 Dec 2017 AustLII flag
Gunns Finance Pty Ltd (Receivers And Managers Appointed) (in Liquidation) v Moss [2017] FCCA 1773 Federal Circuit Court of Australia Australia 18 Aug 2017 AustLII flag
Trustees of the WT & A Norman Superannuation Fund and Commissioner of Taxation (Taxation) [2015] AATA 914 Administrative Appeals Tribunal Australia 27 Nov 2015 AustLII flag
Thomas v Commissioner of Taxation [2015] FCA 968; 101 ATR 576 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 31 Aug 2015 AustLII flag
Hii v Commissioner of Taxation [2015] FCA 375; (2015) 230 FCR 385; (2015) 327 ALR 207; (2015) 147 ALD 605; [2015] ATC 20-501 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 23 Apr 2015 AustLII flag
Australasian Annuities Pty Ltd (in liq) v Rowley Super Fund Pty Ltd [2015] VSCA 9; (2015) 318 ALR 302; 104 ACSR 312 Supreme Court of Victoria - Court of Appeal Australia - Victoria 12 Feb 2015 AustLII flag
Messenger Press Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [2012] FCA 756; [2012] ATC 20-234; (2012) 90 ATR 69 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Jul 2012 AustLII flag
FCT v Noza Holdings Pty Ltd [2012] FCAFC 43; (2012) 201 FCR 445; (2012) 82 ATR 567; [2012] ATC 20-313 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 28 Mar 2012 AustLII flag
Visy Industries USA Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [2011] FCA 1065; (2011) 284 ALR 455; (2011) 85 ATR 232 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 14 Sep 2011 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v BHP Billiton Ltd [2011] HCA 17; (2011) 244 CLR 325; (2011) 277 ALR 224; [2011] ATC 20-264; (2011) 79 ATR 1; (2011) 85 ALJR 638 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 1 Jun 2011 AustLII flag
Noza Holdings Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [2011] FCA 46; (2011) 82 ATR 338; [2011] ATC 20-241 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 4 Feb 2011 AustLII flag
Clarke v Great Southern Finance Pty Ltd [2010] VSC 473; (2010) 243 FLR 451; (2010) 80 ACSR 219 Supreme Court of Victoria Australia - Victoria 20 Oct 2010 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v BHP Billiton Finance Ltd [2010] FCAFC 25; (2010) 182 FCR 526; (2010) 76 ATR 472; [2010] ATC 20-169 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Mar 2010 AustLII flag

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title Citation(s) Author Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
"Corporate Structures, the Veil and the Role of the Courts" (2016) 40 Melbourne University Law Review 657 Warren, Marilyn Australia circa 2016 AustLII flag
"Corporate Groups: The Intersection Between Corporate and Tax Law - Commissioner of Taxation v BHP Billiton Finance Ltd" (2010) 32 Sydney Law Review 723 Harris, Jason; Hargovan, Anil Australia circa 2010 AustLII flag

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name Provision
Taxation Laws Amendment Bill 1986 (Cth)
Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) s18, s20, s21, s45A, s119, s124, s125, s555, s1305, s1306
Evidence Act 1995 (Cth) s69
Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth) s1, s6, s99A, s166A, s169A, s177F, s177G
Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) s2.5, s3.5
Taxation Administration Act 1953 (Cth) s14ZZ, s14ZZO
Federal Court Rules (Cth) s25
Taxation Laws Amendment Act (No 2) 1996 (Cth)
Tax Laws Amendment (Improvements to Self Assessment) Act (No 2) 2005 (Cth)
Stamp Duties Act 1920 (NSW) sRLAA2008N67383.PDF.SINO_TEXT, s98I
Financial Institutions Duty Act 1982 (Vic)

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date †  Full Text Citation Index
Newtronics Pty Ltd v Atco Controls Pty Ltd [2008] VSC 566; (2008) 69 ACSR 317; 26 ACLC 1576 Supreme Court of Victoria Australia - Victoria 17 Dec 2008 AustLII flag
Ashwick (Qld) No 127 Pty Ltd v FCT [2008] FCA 853; 72 ATR 415 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 4 Jun 2008 AustLII flag
Malouf v FCT [2008] FCA 497; (2008) 250 ALR 253; (2008) 68 ATR 470; [2008] ATC 20-023 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 22 Apr 2008 AustLII flag
Agricultural and Rural Finance Pty Ltd v Gardiner (2008) 238 CLR 570; (2008) 251 ALR 322; [2008] HCA 57 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 2008 AustLII flag
McLarty v R (2008) 293 DLR (4th) 659 Canada circa 2008 flag
Cameron Brae Pty Ltd v FCT [2007] FCAFC 135; (2007) 161 FCR 468; 243 ALR 273; (2007) 67 ATR 178 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 21 Aug 2007 AustLII flag
FCT v R & D Holdings Pty Ltd [2007] FCAFC 107; (2007) 160 FCR 248; (2007) 240 ALR 653; (2007) 67 ATR 790 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 13 Jul 2007 AustLII flag
Guest v FCT [2007] FCA 193; (2007) 65 ATR 815 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 23 Feb 2007 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Linter Textiles Australia Ltd [2005] HCA 20; (2005) 220 CLR 592; (2005) 215 ALR 1; (2005) 59 ATR 177; (2005) 79 ALJR 913 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 26 Apr 2005 AustLII flag
Pridecraft Pty Ltd v FCT [2004] FCAFC 339; (2004) 213 ALR 450; (2004) 58 ATR 210 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 23 Dec 2004 AustLII flag
Gate Gourmet Australia Pty Ltd v Gate Gourmet Holding AG [2004] NSWSC 149 Supreme Court of New South Wales Australia - New South Wales 31 Mar 2004 AustLII flag
Walstern Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [2003] FCA 1428; (2003) 138 FCR 1; (2003) 54 ATR 423; [2003] ATC 5,076 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 8 Dec 2003 AustLII flag
Spassked Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [2003] FCAFC 282; (2003) 136 FCR 441; (2003) 203 ALR 515; 54 ATR 546 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 8 Dec 2003 AustLII flag
Puzey v Commissioner of Taxation [2003] FCAFC 197; (2003) 131 FCR 244; (2003) 201 ALR 302; (2003) 53 ATR 614 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 26 Aug 2003 AustLII flag
NEAT Domestic Trading Pty Ltd v AWB Ltd [2003] HCA 35; (2003) 216 CLR 277; (2003) 198 ALR 179; (2003) 77 ALJR 1263; [2003] ATPR 41-940 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 19 Jun 2003 AustLII flag
FCT v Firth (2002) 120 FCR 450 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 2002 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Kordan Pty Ltd v FCT [2000] FCA 1807; (2000) 46 ATR 191 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 15 Dec 2000 AustLII flag
Dan v FCT (No 2) (2000) 44 ATR 338 Australia circa 2000 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Giumelli v Giumelli [1999] HCA 10; (1999) 196 CLR 101; (1999) 161 ALR 473; (1999) 73 ALJR 547; [2000] Aust Contract Reports 90-106; (1999) 6 Leg Rep 23 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1999 AustLII flag
United States v Bestfoods 524 US 51; 118 SCt 1876; 141 L Ed 2d 43; 141 L Ed 43 United States Supreme Court United States 8 Jun 1998 WorldLII flag
Taxation, Federal Commissioner of v Orica Ltd [1998] HCA 33; (1998) 194 CLR 500; (1998) 154 ALR 1; (1998) 72 ALJR 969; (1998) 39 ATR 66 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 12 May 1998 AustLII flag
Bristol and West Building Society v Mothew [1998] Ch 1 Court of Chancery United Kingdom circa 1998 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Macquarie Health Corporation Ltd (1998) 88 FCR 451; (1998) 40 ATR 349 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1998 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Freeman v Complex Computing Co 119 F3d 1044 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 7 Aug 1997 WorldLII flag
[1997] Act 24 [1997] Act 24 United Kingdom circa 1997 flag
Farrow Finance Co Ltd (in liq) v Farrow Properties Pty Ltd (in liq) (1997) 26 ACSR 544; 16 ACLC 897 Australia circa 1997 LexisNexis AU flag
FCT v Stokes [1996] FCA 1128; (1996) 72 FCR 160; (1996) 141 ALR 653; (1996) 34 ATR 478 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 24 Dec 1996 AustLII flag
Woolcombers (WA) Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation (1996) 66 FCR 66; 32 ATR 486 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1996 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Unilever Australia Securities Ltd (1995) 56 FCR 152; 127 ALR 437; 30 ATR 134 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1995 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
FCT v ANZ Savings Bank Ltd [1994] HCA 58; (1994) 181 CLR 466; 125 ALR 213; (1994) 29 ATR 11; (1994) 69 ALJR 12 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1994 AustLII flag
Coles Myer Finance Ltd v FCT [1993] HCA 29; (1993) 176 CLR 640; (1992-93) 112 ALR 322; (1993) 25 ATR 95; 67 ALJR 463; (1993) 93 ATC 4,214 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 19 May 1993 AustLII flag
Equiticorp Finance Ltd (in liq) v Bank of New Zealand (1993) 32 NSWLR 50; (1993) 11 ACSR 642; 11 ACLC 952 Australia - New South Wales circa 1993 LexisNexis AU flag
Spedley Securities Ltd (in liq) v Greater Pacific Investments Pty Ltd (in liq) (1992) 30 NSWLR 185; (1992) 7 ACSR 155 Australia - New South Wales circa 1992 LexisNexis AU flag
Lighthouse Philatelics Pty Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation [1991] FCA 506; (1991) 32 FCR 148; (1991) 103 ALR 156; (1991) 22 ATR 707; 25 ALD 257 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 30 Oct 1991 AustLII flag
Saraswati v R [1991] HCA 21; (1991) 172 CLR 1; (1991) 100 ALR 193; 65 ALJR 402; 54 A Crim R 183 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 5 Jun 1991 AustLII flag
NZI Capital Corporation Pty Ltd v Child (1991) 23 NSWLR 481 Australia - New South Wales circa 1991 LexisNexis AU flag
Lonrho plc v Fayed (No 2) [1991] 4 All ER 961; [1992] 1 WLR 1 United Kingdom circa 1991 LexisNexis flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Bivona Pty Ltd [1990] FCA 93; (1990) 21 FCR 562; (1990) 92 ALR 593; (1990) 21 ATR 151 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 30 Mar 1990 AustLII flag
FCT v Dalco [1990] HCA 3; (1990) 168 CLR 614; 90 ALR 341; 20 ATR 1370; 64 ALJR 166 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1990 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Jackson [1990] FCA 604; (1990) 27 FCR 1; (1990) 96 ALR 586; (1990) 21 ATR 1012 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1990 AustLII flag
Briggs v James Hardie & Co Pty Ltd (1989) 16 NSWLR 549; (1989) 7 ACLC 841 Australia - New South Wales circa 1989 LexisNexis AU flag
Dennis Willcox Pty Ltd v FCT [1988] FCA 123; (1988) 79 ALR 267; (1988) 19 ATR 1122; 14 ACLR 156 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 21 Apr 1988 AustLII flag
Commissioner of Taxation v Marshall and Brougham Pty Ltd (1987) 17 FCR 541; (1987) 73 ALR 261; 18 ATR 859 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1987 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Daly v Sydney Stock Exchange Ltd [1986] HCA 25; (1986) 160 CLR 371; 65 ALR 193; (1986) 60 ALJR 371; 4 ACLC 283 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 22 May 1986 AustLII flag
Pioneer Concrete Services Ltd v Yelnah Pty Ltd (1986) 5 NSWLR 254; (1986) 11 ACLR 108; (1987) 5 ACLC 467 Australia - New South Wales circa 1986 LexisNexis AU flag
FCT v E A Marr & Sons (Sales) Ltd [1984] FCA 213; (1984) 2 FCR 326; 15 ATR 879 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 3 Aug 1984 AustLII flag
MacCormick v FCT [1984] HCA 20; (1984) 158 CLR 622; 52 ALR 53; (1984) 58 ALJR 268; 15 ATR 437 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 10 Apr 1984 AustLII flag
Esanda Ltd v Burgess (1983) 72 FLR 283; [1984] 2 NSWLR 139; (1983) 14 ATR 567; [1984] ASC 57 Australia circa 1983 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Bank of New South Wales v Brown [1983] HCA 1; (1983) 151 CLR 514; 45 ALR 225; 1 ACLC 651; 7 ACLR 565; 57 ALJR 155 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1983 AustLII flag
Avco Financial Services Ltd v FCT [1982] HCA 36; (1982) 150 CLR 510; 41 ALR 225; (1982) 13 ATR 63; 56 ALJR 668 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1982 AustLII flag
Brookton Co-operative Society Ltd v FCT [1981] HCA 28; (1981) 147 CLR 441; (1981) 35 ALR 295; (1981) 11 ATR 880; (1981) 55 ALJR 479 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 12 Jun 1981 AustLII flag
Hope v Bathurst City Council [1980] HCA 16; (1980) 144 CLR 1; (1980) 29 ALR 577; (1980) 12 ATR 231; (1980) 41 LGRA 262; (1980) 54 ALJR 345 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 20 Jun 1980 AustLII flag
Ferguson v Commissioner of Taxation (1979) 26 ALR 307 Australia circa 1979 LexisNexis AU flag
American Leaf Blending Co Sdn Bhd v Director-General of Inland Revenue [1979] AC 676; 684 PC 27 United Kingdom circa 1979 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Bailey v FCT [1977] HCA 11; (1977) 136 CLR 214; 13 ALR 41; (1977) 7 ATR 251; 51 ALJR 429 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 4 Mar 1977 AustLII flag
BP Refinery (Westernport) Pty Ltd v Shire of Hastings (1977) 180 CLR 266 Australia - Commonwealth circa 1977 Legal Online / Westlaw flag
Federal Coke Co Pty Ltd v FCT 15 ALR 449; 34 FLR 375; (1977) 7 ATR 519 Australia circa 1977 LexisNexis AU flag
Commercial and General Acceptance Ltd v FCT [1977] HCA 47; (1977) 137 CLR 373; 16 ALR 267; (1977) 7 ATR 716; (1977) 51 ALJR 842 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1977 AustLII flag
Walker v Wimborne [1976] HCA 7; (1976) 137 CLR 1; (1976) 50 ALJR 446; 3 ACLR 529 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 3 Mar 1976 AustLII flag
AGC (Advances) Ltd v FCT [1975] HCA 7; 132 CLR 175; 5 ALR 208; (1975) 5 ATR 243; 49 ALJR 105 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 26 Feb 1975 AustLII flag
G E Crane Pty Ltd v FCT [1971] HCA 75; 126 CLR 177; (1971) 2 ATR 692; (1971) 46 ALJR 15 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Dec 1971 AustLII flag
Franklin's Selfserve Pty Ltd v FCT [1970] HCA 33; (1970) 125 CLR 52; (1970) 44 ALJR 346; 1 ATR 673 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 3 Sep 1970 AustLII flag
Fairway Estates Pty Ltd v FCT [1970] HCA 29; (1970) 123 CLR 153; 1 ATR 726; 44 ALJR 306 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 21 Aug 1970 AustLII flag
Point v FCT [1970] HCA 7; 119 CLR 453; 44 ALJR 121; 1 ATR 577 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 18 Mar 1970 AustLII flag
Charterbridge Corporation Ltd v Lloyds Bank Ltd [1970] Ch 62; [1969] 2 All ER 1185; (1969) 2 WLR 791 Court of Chancery United Kingdom circa 1970 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Olsson v Dyson [1969] HCA 3; (1969) 120 CLR 365; [1969] ALR 443; (1969) 43 ALJR 77 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 28 Feb 1969 AustLII flag
Inland Revenue Commissioners v Herdman [1969] 1 All ER 495 United Kingdom circa 1969 LexisNexis flag
Carapark Holdings Ltd v FCT [1967] HCA 5; (1967) 115 CLR 653; 14 ATD 402; (1967) 40 ALJR 506; 10 AITR 378 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 7 Apr 1967 AustLII flag
Browne v Police SC Christchurch [1962] NZPoliceLawRp 22; [1963] NZLR 801; (1962) 9 New Zealand Police Law Reports 345 New Zealand Police Law Reports New Zealand 16 May 1962 NZLII flag
Tomkinson v First Pennsylvania Banking and Trust Co [1961] AC 1007; [1960] 2 All ER 332; [1960] 2 WLR 969 United Kingdom circa 1961 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Re United Railways of the Havana and Regla Warehouses Ltd [1960] Ch 52; [1959] 1 All ER 214 Court of Chancery United Kingdom circa 1960 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Deputy FCT v Brown [1958] HCA 2; (1958) 100 CLR 32; [1958] ALR 285; 11 ATD 374 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 11 Mar 1958 AustLII flag
FCT v Sidney Williams (Holdings) Ltd [1957] HCA 1; (1957) 100 CLR 95; [1958] ALR 108; 11 ATD 368; 32 ALJR 123; 7 AITR 126 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth circa 1957 AustLII flag
McAndrew v FCT [1956] HCA 62; (1956) 98 CLR 263; [1956] ALR 1008; 30 ALJR 464; 11 ATD 131 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 15 Oct 1956 AustLII flag
Hobart Bridge Co Ltd v FCT [1951] HCA 33; (1951) 82 CLR 372; 9 ATD 273; 5 AITR 184; (1951) 25 ALJR 225 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 22 Jun 1951 AustLII flag
Tweddle v FCT [1942] HCA 40; (1942) 180 CLR 1; (1942) 2 AITR 360; (1942) 7 ATD 186 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 5 Nov 1942 AustLII flag
Mills v Mills [1938] HCA 4; (1938) 60 CLR 150; (1938) 11 ALJR 527 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Feb 1938 AustLII flag
Dinshaw v Commissioner of Income Tax (Bombay) (1934) 50 TLR 527 United Kingdom circa 1934 LexisNexis flag
FCT v Munro [1926] HCA 58; (1926) 38 CLR 153; (1926) 32 ALR 339 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 25 Aug 1926 AustLII flag
R v New Queensland Copper Co Ltd [1917] HCA 34; (1917) 23 CLR 495; 23 ALR 373 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 31 Jul 1917 AustLII flag
Kolotex Hosiery (Australia) Pty Ltd v FCT [1975] HCA 5; 132 CLR 535; 5 ALR 89; (1975) 49 ALJR 35; (1975) 5 ATR 206; 20 ALT 240 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 3 May 1899 AustLII flag
Scarf v Jardine (1882) 7 AC 345 United Kingdom circa 1882 LexisNexis / Westlaw flag
Mathew v Blacmore [1857] EngR 262; 156 ER 1409; (1857) 1 H & N 762 Court of Exchequer United Kingdom circa 1857 CommonLII flag
Dakota Bank v Eiesland 645 NW2d 177 United States circa 1975 flag
Seltzer v IC Optics Ltd 339 FSupp 2d 601 United States circa 1975 Westlaw flag
Consolidated Press Holdings Ltd v Commissioner of Taxation 88 FCR 151; (1998) 40 ATR 181 Federal Court of Australia Australia Legal Online / Westlaw flag

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