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"Reducing the Burden of Proving Discrimination in Australia"    

Cases Referring to this Journal Article

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Majoor v Macquarie University	[2022] NSWCATAP 213	New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal - Appeal Panel	Australia - New South Wales	29 Jun 2022	AustLII
McMahon and Nannup Timber Processing Pty Ltd	[2015] WASAT 125	State Administrative Tribunal of Western Australia	Australia - Western Australia	6 Nov 2015	AustLII

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Journal Article

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
"Employment Discrimination by Algorithm: Can Anyone Be Held Accountable?"	(2022) 45 University of New South Wales Law Journal 617	Sheard, Natalie	Australia	circa 2022	AustLII
"Why Do Employment Age Discrimination Cases Fail? An Analysis of Australian Case Law"	(2020) 42 Sydney Law Review 1	Blackham, Alysia	Australia	circa 2020	AustLII
"An Evaluation of the Mechanisms Designed to Promote Substantive Equality in the Equal Opportunity Act 2010 (Vic)"	(2020) 44 Melbourne University Law Review 459	Allen, Dominique	Australia	circa 2020	AustLII
"Intersectional Discrimination in Australia: An Empirical Critique of the Legal Framework"	(2020) 43 University of New South Wales Law Journal 773	Blackham, Alysia; Temple, Jeromey	Australia	circa 2020	AustLII
"Perfectly Safe, Five Times Out Of Six: The Briginshaw Principle and Its Paradoxes"	(2019) 42 University of New South Wales Law Journal 376	Stratton, Harry	Australia	circa 2019	AustLII
"Unsystematic and Unsettled: A Map of the Legal Dimensions of Workplace Investigations in Australia"	(2019) 42 University of New South Wales Law Journal 1075	Orifici, Adriana	Australia	circa 2019	AustLII
"Defining 'Discrimination' in UK and Australian Age Discrimination Law"	(2017) 43 Monash University Law Review 760	Blackham, Alysia	Australia	circa 2017	AustLII
"Re-conceptualising Privacy and Discrimination in an Age of Talent Analytics"	(2014) 37 University of New South Wales Law Journal 679	Burdon, Mark; Harpur, Paul	Australia	circa 2014	AustLII
"Racist, Offensive, and Degrading Police Behaviour against Aboriginal People in New South Wales: Modern Challenges to the Findings of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody"	(2012) 16 (2) Australian Indigenous Law Review 33	Harvey, Ryan	Australia	circa 2012	AustLII
"Reasonable Accommodation, Adverse Action and the Case of Deborah Schou"	(2012) 33 Adelaide Law Review 39	Chapman, Anna	Australia	circa 2012	AustLII

Legislation Cited

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
Qantas Airways Ltd v Gama	[2008] FCAFC 69; (2008) 167 FCR 537; (2008) 247 ALR 273; (2008) 101 ALD 459; [2008] EOC 93-493	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	2 May 2008	AustLII
Madarassy v Nomura International PLC	[2007] EWCA Civ 33; [2007] ICR 867; [2007] IRLR 246	England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division	United Kingdom - England and Wales	26 Jan 2007	BAILII
Laing v Manchester City Council	[2006] UKEAT 0128_06_2807; [2006] ICR 1519; [2006] IRLR 748	Employment Appeals Tribunal	United Kingdom	28 Jul 2006	BAILII
"Discrimination Through the Looking-Glass: Judicial Guidelines on the Burden of Proof"	(2006) 35 Industrial Law Journal 279	Industrial Law Journal	United Kingdom	circa 2006	HeinOnline / LexisNexis
Wong v Igen Ltd	[2005] EWCA Civ 142; [2005] 3 All ER 812; [2005] IRLR 258; [2005] ICR 931; [2005] All ER (D) 300; (2005) 102 LSG 28	England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division	United Kingdom - England and Wales	18 Feb 2005	BAILII
Vasiliki Nikoloudi v Organismos Tilepikinonion Ellados AE (C-196/02)	[2005] ECR I-01789		Europe	circa 2005
"Has the Racial Discrimination Act contributed to eliminating racial discrimination? Analysing the litigation track record 2000-04"	(2005) 11 Australian Journal of Human Rights 171	Australian Journal of Human Rights	Australia	circa 2005	Informit
Howe v Qantas Airways Ltd	[2004] FMCA 242; (2004) 188 FLR 1; [2004] EOC 93-359	Federal Magistrates Court of Australia	Australia	15 Oct 2004	AustLII
Citibank v Ntoko	(2004) 15 ELR 116			circa 2004
Purvis v New South Wales	[2003] HCA 62; (2003) 217 CLR 92; (2003) 202 ALR 133; (2003) 77 ALD 570; (2003) 78 ALJR 1; [2004] EOC 93-305	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	11 Nov 2003	AustLII
"Skin-Deep: Proof and Inferences of Racial Discrimination in Employment"	(2003) 25 Sydney Law Review 535	Sydney Law Review	Australia	circa 2003	AustLII
"Briginshaw Standard of Proof in Anti-Discrimination Law: Pointing with a Wavering Finger, The"	(2003) 27 Melbourne University Law Review 308	Melbourne University Law Review	Australia	circa 2003	AustLII
Sharma v Legal Aid (Qld)	[2002] FCAFC 196; (2002) 115 IR 91; [2002] EOC 93-231	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Jun 2002	AustLII
"Context and Interpretation in Anti-Discrimination Law"	(2002) 26 Melbourne University Law Review 325	Melbourne University Law Review	Australia	circa 2002	AustLII
Booth v Bosworth	[2001] FCA 1453; (2001) 114 FCR 39; (2001) 114 FLR 39; (2001) 117 LGERA 168	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	17 Oct 2001	AustLII
Anya v University of Oxford	[2001] EWCA Civ 405; [2001] ICR 847; [2001] IRLR 377; [2001] Emp LR 509; [2001] ELR 711	England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division	United Kingdom - England and Wales	22 Mar 2001	BAILII
I v O'Rourke and Corinda State High School and Minister for Education for Queensland	[2001] QADT 1	Anti-Discrimination Tribunal Queensland	Australia - Queensland	31 Jan 2001	AustLII
"The Sex Discrimination (Indirect Discrimination and Burden of Proof) Regulations 2001 (Si 2001 No 2260)"	(2001) 30 Industrial Law Journal 375	Industrial Law Journal	United Kingdom	circa 2001	HeinOnline / LexisNexis
Mitchell v Southern Health Board	[2001] ELR 201			circa 2001
"Costs of Equal Opportunity, The"	(2000) 25 Alternative Law Journal 125	Alternative Law Journal	Australia	circa 2000	HeinOnline
"The Burden of Proving Discrimination"	(2000) 4 International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 95	International Journal of Discrimination and the Law		circa 2000
Victoria v Macedonian Teachers ’ Association of Victoria Inc	[1999] FCA 1287; (1999) 91 FCR 47; 56 ALD 333	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Sep 1999	AustLII
Macedonian Teachers' Association of Victoria Inc v Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission	[1998] FCA 1650; (1998) 91 FCR 8; (1998) 160 ALR 489; [1999] EOC 93-009	Federal Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	21 Dec 1998	AustLII
Parker v North Queensland Animal Refuge Inc	[1998] QADT 4	Anti-Discrimination Tribunal Queensland	Australia - Queensland	16 Mar 1998	AustLII
City Council of Pretoria v Walker	1998 3 BCLR 257		Canada - British Columbia	circa 1998
Fair Employment and Treatment (Northern Ireland) Order	[1998] NI 21		United Kingdom - Northern Ireland	circa 1998	LexisNexis
Nathan v Bailey Gibson Ltd	[1998] 2 IR 162			circa 1998
Glasgow City Council v Zafar	[1997] UKHL 54; [1998] 2 All ER 953; [1997] 1 WLR 1659; [1998] IRLR 36; [1998] ICR 120; [1998] SLT 135; [1998] SC (HL) 27; (1997) 94 LSG 29	House of Lords	United Kingdom - Scotland	27 Nov 1997	BAILII
[1997] NI 6	[1997] NI 6		United Kingdom - Northern Ireland	circa 1997	LexisNexis
President of the Republic of South Africa v Hugo	(1997) 6 BCLR 708		Canada - British Columbia	circa 1997
Neat Holdings Pty Ltd v Karajan Holdings Pty Ltd	[1992] HCA 66; (1992) 110 CLR 445; (1992) 110 ALR 449; (1992) 67 ALJR 170	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	16 Dec 1992	AustLII
Webb v EMO Air Cargo (UK) Ltd	[1992] UKHL 15; [1992] 4 All ER 929; [1993] IRLR 27; [1993] ICR 175; [1993] 1 WLR 49	House of Lords	United Kingdom	26 Nov 1992	BAILII
Fabre v Arenales	(1992) 27 NSWLR 437; (1992) 15 MVR 303		Australia - New South Wales	circa 1992	LexisNexis AU
King v Great Britain China Centre	[1991] EWCA Civ 16; [1992] ICR 516; [1991] IRLR 513	England and Wales Court of Appeal - Civil Division	United Kingdom - England and Wales	11 Oct 1991	BAILII
Hampson v Department of Education and Science	[1990] 2 All ER 25		United Kingdom	circa 1990	LexisNexis
Carrington v Helix Lighting Ltd	[1990] IRLR 6		United Kingdom	circa 1990
"Problems of Proof in Equal Opportunity Cases"	(1989) 63 Law Institute Journal 731	Law Institute Journal	Australia - Victoria	circa 1989
Department of Health v Arumugam	[1988] VicRp 42; [1988] VR 319; [1987] EOC 92-195		Australia - Victoria	2 Jun 1987	AustLII
Najdovska v Australian Iron and Steel Pty Ltd	[1986] EOC 92		Australia	circa 1986
[1986] Ecr 1607	[1986] ECR 1607		Europe	circa 1986
Chamberlain v R (No 2)	[1984] HCA 7; (1984) 153 CLR 521; (1984) 51 ALR 225; (1984) 58 ALJR 133	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	22 Feb 1984	AustLII
O'Callaghan v Loder	[1984] EOC 92		Australia	circa 1984
Perera v Civil Service Commission	[1983] ICR 428; [1983] IRLR 166		United Kingdom	circa 1983
"Equal Opportunity Act - Tokenism or Prescription for Change, The"	(1977-1978) 11 Melbourne University Law Review 503	Melbourne University Law Review	Australia	circa 1978	AustLII
Virdee v EEC Quarries Ltd	[1978] IRLR 295		United Kingdom	circa 1978
"Problems of Proof in Employment Discrimination Cases"	(1977) 6 Industrial Law Journal 212	Industrial Law Journal	United Kingdom	circa 1977	HeinOnline / LexisNexis
Sex Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order	[1976] NI 15		United Kingdom - Northern Ireland	circa 1976	LexisNexis
Griggs v Duke Power Co	401 US 424; 28 L Ed 2d 158; 91 SCt 849	United States Supreme Court	United States	8 Mar 1971	WorldLII
Jones v Dunkel	[1959] HCA 8; (1959) 101 CLR 298; [1959] ALR 367; 32 ALJR 395; (1959) 18 CA 8	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	3 Mar 1959	AustLII
Briginshaw v Briginshaw	[1938] HCA 34	High Court of Australia	Australia - Commonwealth	30 Jun 1938	AustLII