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"Unresolved Issues in Price Fixing: Market Division, the Meaning of Control and Characterisation"   flag 

(2006) 12 Canterbury Law Review 197
Scott, Paul
Canterbury Law Review
New Zealand

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name Provision
Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) s29, s30, s31, s45, s4D

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name Citation(s) Court Jurisdiction Date Full Text †  Citation Index
Apco Service Stations Pty Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2005] FCAFC 161; (2005) 159 FCR 452; [2005] ATPR 42-078 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Aug 2005 AustLII flag 31
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Leahy Petroleum Pty Ltd [2004] FCA 1678; (2004) 141 FCR 183; [2004] ATPR (Digest) 46-260 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 17 Dec 2004 AustLII flag 30
Network Ten Pty Ltd v TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd [2004] HCA 14; (2004) 218 CLR 273; 205 ALR 1; (2004) 78 ALJR 585; [2004] AIPC 91-973; 59 IPR 1 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 11 Mar 2004 AustLII flag 244
Rural Press Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2003] HCA 75; (2003) 216 CLR 53; 78 ALJR 274; [2003] ATPR 41-965; (2003) 203 ALR 217 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 11 Dec 2003 AustLII flag 353
News Ltd v South Sydney District Rugby League Football Club Ltd [2003] HCA 45; (2003) 215 CLR 563; 200 ALR 157; (2003) 77 ALJR 1515; [2003] ATPR 41-943; [2003] Aust Contract Reports 90-176 High Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 13 Aug 2003 AustLII flag 142
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Australian Medical Association Western Australia Branch Inc [2003] FCA 686; (2003) 199 ALR 423; [2003] ATPR 41-945 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 9 Jul 2003 AustLII flag 17
Medtel Pty Ltd v Courtney [2003] FCAFC 151; (2003) 130 FCR 182; 198 ALR 630; [2003] ATPR 41-939 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 7 Jul 2003 AustLII flag 161
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Pauls Ltd [2002] FCA 1586; [2003] ATPR 41-911 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 19 Dec 2002 AustLII flag 10
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v CC (NSW) Pty Ltd [1999] FCA 954; (1999) 92 FCR 375; (1999) 165 ALR 468; [1999] ATPR 41-732 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 14 Jul 1999 AustLII flag 84
Trade Practices Commission v Service Station Association Ltd [1993] FCA 405; (1993) 44 FCR 206; 116 ALR 643; [1993] ATPR 41-260 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 26 Aug 1993 AustLII flag 42
Trade Practices Commission v Parkfield Operations Pty Ltd [1985] FCA 27; (1985) 5 FCR 140; (1985) 59 ALR 589; [1985] ATPR 40-526 Federal Court of Australia Australia - Commonwealth 13 Feb 1985 AustLII flag 17
In re Straw Products Pty Ltd [1942] ArgusLawRp 52; (1942) 48 ALR 361 Argus Law Reports Australia 15 Sep 1942 AustLII flag 5
Ex parte Walton; In re Levy [1881] UKLawRpCh 160; (1881) 17 Ch D 746 Court of Chancery United Kingdom 26 May 1881 CommonLII flag 116
"The Changing Contours of the Rule of Reason" (1988) 54 Antitrust Law Journal 1 Antitrust Law Journal United States circa 1988 HeinOnline flag 2
"The Future of Horizontal Restraints Analysis" (1988) 57 Antitrust Law Journal 33 Antitrust Law Journal United States circa 1988 HeinOnline flag 2
"Efficiency Considerations in Joint Ventures" (1985) 53 Antitrust Law Journal 85 Antitrust Law Journal United States circa 1985 HeinOnline flag 1
"The Antitrust Economics of Joint Ventures" (1985) 53 Antitrust Law Journal 957 Antitrust Law Journal United States circa 1985 HeinOnline flag 1
"Why Should Manufacturers Want Fair Trade?" [1960] Journal of Law and Economics 86 Journal of Law and Economics United States circa 1960 HeinOnline flag 1
"Resale Price Maintenance: Economic and Policy Analysis" (1989) 2 Canterbury Law Review 73 Canterbury Law Review New Zealand circa 1989 HeinOnline / Informit flag 1
"Rethinking Price Fixing Law" (1993) 38 McGill Law Journal 679 McGill Law Journal Canada circa 1993 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
"Beyond Per Se, Rule Reason or Merger Analysis: A New Antitrust Standard for Joint Ventures" (1991) 76 Minnesota Law Review 1 Minnesota Law Review United States circa 1991 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 3
"The Sealy Restraints: Restrictions of Free Riding or Output" [1989] Wisconsin Law Review 1268 Wisconsin Law Review United States - Wisconsin circa 1989 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Per Se Violations in Antitrust Law: Confusing Offences with Defenses" (1988) 77 Georgetown Law Journal 165 Georgetown Law Journal United States circa 1988 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"A Framework for Antitrust Analysis of Joint Ventures" (1986) 74 Georgetown Law Journal 1605 Georgetown Law Journal United States circa 1986 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Streamlining Antitrust Litigation by "Facial Examination" of Restraints: The Burger Court and the Per Se Rule of Reason Distinction" (1984) 60 Washington Law Review 1 Washington Law Review United States circa 1984 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 2
"The Next Step in the Antitrust Treatment of Restricted Distribution: Per Se Legality" (1981) 48 University of Chicago Law Review 1 University of Chicago Law Review United States circa 1981 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 1
"Joint Ventures and Antitrust Policy" 95 Harvard Law Review 1523 Harvard Law Review United States circa 1984 HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 6
"Antitrust Policy and the Supreme Court: An Analysis of the Restricted Distribution, Horizontal Merger and the Potential Competition Decisions" 75 Columbia Law Review 282 Columbia Law Review United States HeinOnline / LexisNexis flag 11
"Joint Ventures and Fiduciary Obligations" (1992) 22 Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 265 Victoria University of Wellington Law Review New Zealand circa 1992 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 1
"Fixing the Price Fixing Confusion: A Rule of Reason Approach" (1983) 9 Yale Law Journal 706 Yale Law Journal United States circa 1983 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 1
"The Rule of Reason and the Per Se Concept: Price Fixing and Market Division Part I" (1965) 71 Yale Law Journal 775 Yale Law Journal United States circa 1965 HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 1
"The Rule of Reason and the Per Se Concept: Price Fixing and Market Division Part 2" 75 Yale Law Journal 373 Yale Law Journal United States HeinOnline / Westlaw flag 14
[1999] Atpr 43,477 [1999] ATPR 43,477 Australia circa 1999 IntelliConnect flag 1
[1993] Atpr 40,367 [1993] ATPR 40,367 Australia circa 1993 IntelliConnect flag 1
'maintain', where used in sec 45A, has a similar connotation to the verb 'fix' (1982) 4 ATPR 43,912 Australia circa 1982 IntelliConnect flag 3
"Substantial lessening of competition–twenty years on" (1994) 22 Australian Business Law Review 239 Australian Business Law Review Australia circa 1994 Legal Online flag 1
"Exclusionary provisions: a critique of the New Zealand reform" (1993) 1 Trade Practices Law Journal 198 Trade Practices Law Journal Australia circa 1993 Legal Online flag 1
"The per se prohibition of price fixing in Australia" (1986) 60 Australian Law Journal 668 Australian Law Journal Australia circa 1986 Legal Online flag 2
"Trade Practices-Price Fixing and Maintaining and a Rule of Reason in Australian Courts" [1983] Australian Law Journal 423 Australian Law Journal Australia circa 1983 Legal Online flag 1
Eastern Express Pty Ltd v General Newspapers Pty Ltd (1992) 35 FCR 43; (1992) 106 ALR 297; [1992] ATPR 41-167 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1992 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 78
Eastern Express Pty Ltd v General Newspapers Pty Ltd (1991) 30 FCR 385; (1991) 103 ALR 41; [1991] ATPR 41-128 Federal Court of Australia Australia circa 1991 Legal Online / Westlaw flag 37
Giltrap City Ltd v Commerce Commission [2004] 1 NZLR 608; (2003) 7 NZBLC 104,009; (2003) 10 TCLR 831 New Zealand circa 2004 LexisNexis flag 48
Northland Milk Vendors Association Inc v Northern Milk Ltd [1988] 1 NZLR 530; (1988) 7 NZAR 229 New Zealand circa 1988 LexisNexis flag 128
Port Nelson Ltd v Commerce Commission [1986] 3 NZLR 554 New Zealand circa 1986 LexisNexis flag 1
"Competition at risk? New forms of business cooperation" [2002] Competition & Consumer Law Journal 169 Competition & Consumer Law Journal Australia circa 2002 LexisNexis AU flag 1
Trade Practices Commission v Service Station Association Ltd (1992) 109 ALR 465; [1992] ATPR 41-179 Australia circa 1992 LexisNexis AU flag 9
Air New Zealand v Commerce Commission (No 6) [2004] NZHC 1010; (2004) 11 TCLR 347 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 17 Sep 2004 NZLII flag 62
Commissioner of Inland Revenue v BNZ Investments Ltd [2001] NZCA 184; [2002] 1 NZLR 450; (2001) 20 NZTC 17,103 Court of Appeal of New Zealand New Zealand 22 May 2001 NZLII flag 43
"Price Fixing and the Doctrine of Ancillary Restraints" (1999) 7 Canterbury Law Review 403 Canterbury Law Review New Zealand circa 1999 NZLII flag 2
Commerce Commission v Caltex New Zealand Ltd HC Auckland CL33/97 [1998] NZHC 1326; [1998] 2 NZLR 78; (1998) 6 NZBLC 102,505 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 16 Mar 1998 NZLII flag 6
Commerce Commission v Taylor Preston Ltd HC Auckland CL38/96 [1998] NZHC 1329; [1998] 3 NZLR 498; (1998) 6 NZBLC 102,470; (1999) 9 TCLR 305 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 12 Feb 1998 NZLII flag 20
Auag Resources Ltd v Waihi Mines Ltd HC Auckland CL59/93 [1994] NZHC 1166; [1994] 3 NZLR 571; (1994) 5 NZBLC 103,513 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 5 Aug 1994 NZLII flag 17
Fisher & Paykel Ltd v Commerce Commission [1990] NZHC 2565; [1990] 2 NZLR 731; (1990) 3 NZBLC 101,655; [1990] NZAR 241 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 27 Apr 1990 NZLII flag 64
Union Shipping New Zealand Ltd v Port Nelson Ltd HC Wellington CP101/89 [1990] NZHC 61; [1990] 2 NZLR 662; (1990) 3 NZBLC 101,618 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 14 Feb 1990 NZLII flag 36
Commerce Commission v Fletcher Challenge Ltd HC Wellington CP335/88 [1989] NZHC 236; [1989] 2 NZLR 554; (1989) 4 NZCLC 64,973; (1989) 2 NZBLC 103,463 High Court of New Zealand New Zealand 20 Apr 1989 NZLII flag 28
"Antitrust Law verses Intellectual Property Law: Where is the Interface?" (1989) 4 Canterbury Law Review 103 Canterbury Law Review New Zealand circa 1989 NZLII flag 1
Tru Tone Ltd v Festival Records Retail Marketing Ltd [1988] NZCA 179; [1988] 2 NZLR 352; (1988) 2 NZBLC 103,286; (1988) 2 TCLR 542 Court of Appeal of New Zealand New Zealand 19 Sep 1988 NZLII flag 73
"Per Se Rules and Rules of Reason: What are They?" (1997) 3 European Competition Law Review 145 European Competition Law Review United Kingdom circa 1997 Westlaw flag 1
Northrop Corporation v McDonnell Douglas Corporation 705 F2d 1030 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 38
Ciancaglini v United States 464 US 849; 78 L Ed 2d 145; 104 SCt 157 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 67
cert denied 466 US 983; 82 L Ed 2d 865; 104 SCt 3564 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 2
cert denied 439 US 966; 58 L Ed 2d 425; 99 SCt 456 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 46
cert denied 423 US 1055 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 34
Albrecht v Herald Co 390 US 145 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 124
cert denied 300 US 831 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
White Motor Co v United States 272 US 253 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
Affiliated Capital Corporation v City of Houston 735 F2d 1555 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 19
Van Dyk Research Corporation v Xerox Corporation 478 FSupp 1113 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
United States v Topco Associates, Inc 319 FSupp 1031 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 4
cert denied 479 US 1033 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 49
United States v Capitol Serv 765 F2d 502 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
Affiliated Capital Corporation v City of Houston 700 F2d 236 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
774 f2d 588 774 F2d 588 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 1
338 US 350 338 US 350 United States Supreme Court United States Westlaw flag 1
Tripoli Co v Wella Corporation 425 F2d 932 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 25
cert denied 440 US 930; 99 SCt 1267; 59 L Ed 2d 486 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 70
Howell v Jones 414 US 801; 38 L Ed 2d 38; 94 SCt 16 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 16
Gordon v Crown Petroleum 423 FSupp 58 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 2
Leech v Highland Memorial Cemetery 489 FSupp 65 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 2
Lewis v Illinois 456 US 1011; 73 L Ed 2d 1308; 102 SCt 2307 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 84
Martinez-Valdez v United States 474 US 945; 88 L Ed 2d 287; 106 SCt 310 United States Supreme Court United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 38
Law v Ncaa 134 F3d 1010 United States circa 1988 Westlaw flag 15
Bascom Food Prods Corporation v Reese Fine Foods 715 FSupp 616 United States Westlaw flag 2
cert denied 516 US 1184; 134 L Ed 2d 232; 116 SCt 1288 United States Supreme Court United States Westlaw flag 15
Avwood v Harry Brandt Booking Office Inc 850 F2d 844 United States Westlaw flag 1
cert denied 501 US 1230; 115 L Ed 2d 1020; 111 SCt 2852 United States Supreme Court United States Westlaw flag 25
United States v Cooperative Theatres 845 F2d 1367 United States Westlaw flag 9
Peaceable Planet Inc v Ty Inc H 362 F3d 986 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 2 Apr 2004 WorldLII flag 7
State Oil Co v Khan 522 US 3; 139 L Ed 2d 199; 118 SCt 275 United States Supreme Court United States 4 Nov 1997 WorldLII flag 108
Blue Cross Blue Shield United of Wisconsin v Marshfield Clinic 65 F3d 1406; 64 USLW 2181 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 13 Oct 1995 WorldLII flag 16
Cramer v Commissioner Internal Revenue Service 64 F3d 1406; 76 AFTR2d 95-6482 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 11 Sep 1995 WorldLII flag 9
Blackburn v Sweeney H 53 F3d 825; 63 USLW 2689 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 15 Jun 1995 WorldLII flag 3
Hammes v AAMCO Transmissions, Inc 33 F3d 774; 65 Empl Prac Dec P 43,198; 63 USLW 2150 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 20 Oct 1994 WorldLII flag 22
Chicago Professional Sports Ltd Partnership Wgn v National Basketball Association 961 F2d 667; 60 USLW 2685 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 4 Jun 1992 WorldLII flag 18
Detroit Auto Dealers Association Inc Barnett Pontiac-Datsun Inc v Federal Trade Commission 955 F2d 457; 121 Lab Cas 10,020; 60 USLW 2509 United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit United States 22 May 1992 WorldLII flag 3
United States v Brown 936 F2d 1042; 33 Fed REvid Serv 1165 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 27 Jun 1991 WorldLII flag 28
Palmer v BRG of Georgia, Inc 498 US 46; 112 L Ed 2d 349; 111 SCt 401 United States Supreme Court United States 26 Nov 1990 WorldLII flag 25
Movie v United Artists Communications Inc 909 F2d 1245; 58 USLW 2733 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 25 Jul 1990 WorldLII flag 11
United States v Suntar Roofing, Inc 897 F2d 469 United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit United States 27 Feb 1990 WorldLII flag 27
FTC v Superior Court Trial Lawyers Ass'n 493 US 411; 107 L Ed 2d 851; 110 SCt 768 United States Supreme Court United States 22 Jan 1990 WorldLII flag 51
Volvo North America Corporation v Men's International Professional Tennis Council M III Men's International Professional Tennis Council M III 857 F2d 55 United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit United States 30 Aug 1988 WorldLII flag 20
United States v R Goodman E 850 F2d 1473 United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit United States 1 Aug 1988 WorldLII flag 3
Business Electronics Corporation v Sharp Electronics Corporation 485 US 717; 99 L Ed 2d 808; 108 SCt 1515 United States Supreme Court United States 2 May 1988 WorldLII flag 108
Rothery Storage Van Co v Atlas Van Lines Inc 792 F2d 210; 54 USLW 2645; 253 USApp DC 142 United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit United States 3 Jun 1986 WorldLII flag 34
Polk Bros Inc v Forest City Enterprises Inc 776 F2d 185; 54 USLW 2281 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 26 Nov 1985 WorldLII flag 22
Northwest Wholesale Stationers, Inc v Pacific Stationery & Printing Co 472 US 284; 86 L Ed 2d 202; 105 SCt 2613 United States Supreme Court United States 11 Jun 1985 WorldLII flag 87
General Leaseways Inc v National Truck Leasing Association 744 F2d 588 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 31 Oct 1984 WorldLII flag 22
Vogel v American Society of Appraisers 744 F2d 598 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 20 Sep 1984 WorldLII flag 8
NCAA v Board of Regents 468 US 85; 82 L Ed 2d 70; 104 SCt 2948 United States Supreme Court United States 27 Jun 1984 WorldLII flag 164
Copperweld Corporation v Independence Tube Corporation 467 US 752; 81 L Ed 2d 628; 104 SCt 2731; 104 SCt 1984 United States Supreme Court United States 19 Jun 1984 WorldLII flag 186
Jefferson Parish Hospital District No 2 v Hyde 466 US 2; 80 L Ed 2d 2; 104 SCt 1551 United States Supreme Court United States 27 Mar 1984 WorldLII flag 182
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Comm'n v National Football League 726 F2d 1381 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 28 Feb 1984 WorldLII flag 61
Service Merchandise Co Inc v Boyd Corporation Service Merchandise Co Inc 722 F2d 945 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 12 Dec 1983 WorldLII flag 15
Mid-West Underground Storage, Inc v Porter 717 F2d 493 United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit United States 6 Sep 1983 WorldLII flag 20
Affiliated Capital Corporation v City of Houston J 714 F2d 25 United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit United States 23 Aug 1983 WorldLII flag 2
Arizona v Maricopa County Medical Society 457 US 332; 102 SCt 2466; 73 L Ed 2d 48 United States Supreme Court United States 18 Jun 1982 WorldLII flag 118
Turf Paradise, Inc v Arizona Downs 670 F2d 813 United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit United States 26 Feb 1982 WorldLII flag 32
Van Dyk Research Corporation v Xerox Corporation 631 F2d 251 United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit United States 30 Sep 1980 WorldLII flag 11
Shrader v Califano 608 F2d 114 United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit United States 18 Oct 1979 WorldLII flag 9
Engine Specialties, Inc v Bombardier Ltd 605 F2d 1 United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit United States 25 Jul 1979 WorldLII flag 23
Broadcast Music, Inc v Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc 441 US 1; 60 L Ed 2d 1; 99 SCt 1551 United States Supreme Court United States 17 Apr 1979 WorldLII flag 182
Ohio-Sealy Mattress Mfg Co v Sealy, Inc 585 F2d 821; 200 USPQ 337 United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit United States 12 Oct 1978 WorldLII flag 54
Gainesville Utilities Department v Florida Power and Light Co 573 F2d 292 United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit United States 28 Jul 1978 WorldLII flag 11
National Society of Professional Engineers v United States 435 US 679; 55 L Ed 2d 637; 98 SCt 1355 United States Supreme Court United States 25 Apr 1978 WorldLII flag 227
Continental T v, Inc v GTE Sylvania, Inc 433 US 36; 53 L Ed 2d 568; 97 SCt 2549 United States Supreme Court United States 23 Jun 1977 WorldLII flag 341
Reed Brothers Inc v Monsanto Co 525 F2d 486 United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit United States 12 Jan 1976 WorldLII flag 15
American Motor Inns, Inc v Holiday Inns, Inc 521 F2d 1230 United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit United States 30 Jun 1975 WorldLII flag 37
United States v Topco Associates, Inc 405 US 596; 31 L Ed 2d 515; 92 SCt 1126 United States Supreme Court United States 29 Mar 1972 WorldLII flag 202
United States v Container Corporation of America 393 US 333; 21 L Ed 2d 526; 89 SCt 510 United States Supreme Court United States 14 Jan 1969 WorldLII flag 65
United States v Arnold, Schwinn & Co 388 US 365; 18 L Ed 2d 1249; 87 SCt 1856; 18 L Ed 1249; [1967] Idaho 433 United States Supreme Court United States 12 Jun 1967 WorldLII flag 172
United States v Sealy, Inc 388 US 350; 18 L Ed 2d 1238; 87 SCt 1847 United States Supreme Court United States 12 Jun 1967 WorldLII flag 49
Klor's, Inc v Broadway-Hale Stores, Inc 359 US 207; 3 L Ed 2d 741; 79 SCt 705 United States Supreme Court United States 6 Apr 1959 WorldLII flag 295
Timken Roller Bearing Co v United States 341 US 593; 83 FSupp 284; 95 L Ed 1199; 71 SCt 971 United States Supreme Court United States 4 Jun 1951 WorldLII flag 131
United States v National Lead Co 332 US 319; 63 FSupp 513; 91 L Ed 2077; 67 SCt 1634 United States Supreme Court United States 13 Oct 1947 WorldLII flag 44
United States v Socony-Vacuum Oil Co 310 US 150; 84 L Ed 1129; 60 SCt 811; 84 L Ed 2d 1129 United States Supreme Court United States 3 Jun 1940 WorldLII flag 769
National Assn of Window Glass Mfrs v United States 263 US 403; 68 L Ed 358; 44 SCt 148 United States Supreme Court United States 10 Dec 1923 WorldLII flag 8
Dr Miles Medical Co v John D Park & Sons Co 220 US 373; 55 L Ed 502; 31 SCt 376 United States Supreme Court United States 3 Apr 1911 WorldLII flag 158
Addyston Pipe & Steel Co v United States 175 US 211; 44 L Ed 136; 20 SCt 96 United States Supreme Court United States 4 Dec 1899 WorldLII flag 169
Northern Pacific Railway Co v United States 356 US 1; 2 L Ed 2d 545; 4 Cranch 46; 2 L Ed 545; 78 SCt 514; 9 Wheat 537 United States Supreme Court United States 1 Feb 1824 WorldLII flag 572
In re Massachusetts Board of Optometry 110 FTC 549 United States circa 1988 flag 6
United States v Addyston Pipe & Steel Co 85 FED 271; 85 F 271; 54 USApp 723; 46 LRA 122 United States circa 1988 flag 110
Washworld Corporation (Leases) Ltd v Reid (1998) 8 TCLR 372 New Zealand circa 1998 flag 12
(1989) 2 NZBLC 104,477 (1989) 2 NZBLC 104,477 New Zealand circa 1989 flag 1
"A Theory of Oligopoly" (1964) 72 Journal of Political Economy 44 Journal of Political Economy United States circa 1964 flag 9
"Focusing on the Characterization of Per Se Unlawful Horizontal Restraints" (1991) 36 Antitrust Bulletin 641 Antitrust Bulletin United States circa 1991 flag 1
"Franchising and the Commerce Act 1986 (1)" [1986] New Zealand Law Journal 349 New Zealand Law Journal New Zealand circa 1986 flag 3

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